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Návrh metodické podpory pro výuku tématu stravovací návyky
Dingová, Nikola
The bachelor thesis focuses on teaching the topic of eating habits, which is part of the educational field of Health Education. The theoretical part is to clarify the concepts of healthy nutrition, healthy lifestyle and education towards health. The methods of the theoretical were analysis, synthesis and comparison of professional resources, both printed and electronic. The practical part is the design of methodology support for teaching the topic of eating habits, which was prepared in relation to the study of ŠVP exact secondary school of Southern Moravia. The design of methodological support is nestled in the subject of Study about food and nutrition.
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Eating habits of children and youth in selected schools
OHEROVÁ, Martina
Over the last decade, there is an enormous increase in the number of children and young people with health problems due to the non-compliant boarding. This is not only about overweight or obesity, the problem is much broader spectrum - diseases such as diabetes mellitus 2nd type, high blood pressure, high level of cholesterol and other cardiovaskular problems do not affect only adults anymore. This work is focused on primary school pupils and high school students, on finding their eating habits and the following comparison. The work is divided into two parts. The theoretical part includes the basic data describing the quality of eating in the world and in the Czech population and also describes the charakteristics of contemporary boarding. This section also emphasizes the importance of diet for a child´s body in various stages of development, including the intrauterine one. Of course also serves dietary guidelines, both the preferences of specific dietary components and the frequency of meals, distribution of energy intake during the day etc. It also briefly describes the various dietary components and their function in the body, describes the different ways to check the status of human nutrition and the conclusion is devoted to the pathology of child nutrition. The practical part contains the results of research that were gathered through the method of questioning, using questionaires. The data were collected anonymously. Questionnaires were distributed to 7th and 9th classes of primary school and the first and third grades of secondary schools in the district of Jihlava. Respondents answered a total of 15 questions, two of which were open. Of the 65 questionnaires (100%) distributed to elementary school returned 55, 2 of them had to be excluded due to incompleteness, a total of 53 - 82% return. At high school, it was also distributed 65 questionnaires (100%), returned 54 - 83% return. The aim of this study was to determine the dietary habits of children and adolescents, and to assess whether positive approach to healthy nutrition tend to have younger pupils in primary schools, which are still under the powerful influence of parents, or whether the food more cares older high school youth. Based on this goal I set two hypotheses. Hypothesis 1: There are differences in the diet on selected primary and secondary schools in the district of Jihlava. Hypothesis 2: High school youth do not eat in accordance with the food pyramid. After subsequent testing of hypotheses it was proved that differences between primary school pupils and secondary school students actually exist. Surprisingly, the better rating in the test had high school students. Those, besides a consumption of alcohol, have better eating habits - they have regular meals, breakfast was more in line with dietary recommendations, more frequently attend a school canteen, the majority has not been shown to be regularly active smoking etc. At both schools, without distinction, occurred more serious shortcomings in the consumption of fruit and vegetables, there also was a relatively high number of students who have ever tried tobacco and alcohol consumption. In addition to the hypotheses, I also compared the differences in responses depending on gender of respondents and correlation between the resulting score of questionnaire and Body Mass Index which I calculated on the basis of height and weight. Between boys and girls were shown minimal differences, concerning rather morning snacks (girls prefer healthier foods) and more active interest in a healthy lifestyle by girls again. Relationship between Body Mass Index and resulting scores in the questionnaire was not demonstrated. This work may serve to school teachers as a study material in the promotion of a healthy lifestyle, as well as parents of children and adolescents to broaden knowledge of this issue.
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Performace measurement and assessement of catering services in the two following establishments - Children's Stacionary and The Center of Social Serrices.
HOUDKOVÁ, Ester
In the course of human history man has been changing his choice of food, the way of its acquisition and preparation. At present nutrition is considered to be a part of our lifestyle, on the one side it presents a source of energy, on the other side a source of vital nutrients, vitamins and minerals. Nutrition is widely affected by the socio-economic terms and conditions of the particular individual, at the same time it is a factor with a strong impact on man not only in terms of meeting his basic needs, but also in terms of his psychology. Nowadays, nutrition presents a widely discussed topic with respect to the risks of civilisation disorders, obesity in particular. Current professional estimates suggest that nutrition participates in the health condition of population by 40 to 60 percent. The objective of my work consists in mapping and comparing the conditions of operation in two social care institutions providing catering services, namely ``Dětský stacionář Světluška o.p.s.{\crqq} and Social Care Centre Empatie, which is a part of the social care institution Libnič. The technical and operational conditions in terms of public health protection standards as related to the current legislation were dealt with. In both studied institutions an analysis and evaluation of the all-day catering of clients in compliance with the principles of healthy nutrition including drinking regime were carried out. The intake of milk, milk products, fruits and vegetables, wholemeal products (bakery products in particular), the introduction of fish meals to the menus as compared with the standards of healthy nutrition and the food pyramid were studied. The last but not least criterion of the study was the finding that clients, due to lack of exercise, tend to show a higher body mass index {--} a heavier weight {--} as compared with the recommended values. 80 clients were monitored in the Empatie institution, both children and adults, 30 clients with their age ranging between 4 and 29 years were studied in Světluška. The Hypotheses H2 and H3 predicting that all-day catering menus would show insufficient intake values of milk, milk products, fruits, vegetables, fish and wholemeal products on the one side, and on the other side that the technical and operational conditions of rendered catering services in terms of public health protection standards would comply with the valid legislation could be confirmed by the research carried out in both social institutions. The theory of Hypothesis H1 related to the evaluation of the weight values of clients in both institutions due to lack of exercise has been disproved. The research results will be provided both to the two studied institutions for the purposes of increasing their quality of rendered services, and to the Regional Authority of Public Health and Hygiene KHS of the South Bohemian Region based in České Budějovice. Here they can serve as a source of information as related to the elaboration of check plans. The results can also be used as data for further research and studies in the field of preventive supervision.
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Knowledge of principles of healthy nutrition at pupils 13 - 16 years old
LAPEŠOVÁ, Miroslava
The bachelor thesis Knowledge of principles of healthy nutrition at pupils 13 - 16 years old consists of a practical part and a theoretical part. The theoretical part is focused on basic information on a rational nutrition and on basic nutrients needed for the organism development. It informs on the nutrition in the period of pubescence and on subsequent mistakes made by teenagers. It draws attention to the necessity of regular meals in the course of the day, which is in this period of life very important and which should not be underestimated. Instructions for a proper healthy diet can be prepared with the help of so called food pyramid. The practical part presents achieved results. I applied a quantitative method of the research in the bachelor thesis. The data collection was made by means of a questionnaire, which was given to the pupils at the age between 13 and 16. The research was made at the secondary schools in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands. Five secondary schools were addressed. Totally, 229 questionnaires were distributed, 21 of them could not be used because of incorrect or insufficient completing of the data. The return was therefore 90,8 %. 208 questionnaires were used for the research, thereof 100 questionnaires were completed by girls and 108 by boys. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to determine the knowledge of principles of healthy nutrition at pupils 13 - 16 years old. Another objective besides charting the alimentation problem was also to confirm or refute three hypotheses. Hypothesis H1 supposed that pupils in the age between 13 and 16 years have a satisfactory knowledge of healthy nutrition. This hypothesis was confirmed. Hypothesis H2 supposed that most pupils follow the principles of healthy nutrition. The results did not confirm the hypothesis. Hypothesis H3 supposed that pupils have a possibility to eat according to principles of healthy nutrition, but most of them are satisfied with the current diet and would not change anything. The bachelor thesis can serve as a source of information on the healthy nutrition and correct eating of teenagers. It can be used by parents who have a possibility to influence the home menu significantly. Furthermore, teachers can warn pupils of the mistakes in the nutrition and so that they can lead them to a healthier diet.
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Nutrition of younger school children of age 7- 10 in district Třebíč - progress, trends, present situation
MARIÁNKOVÁ, Alena
In my bachelor thesis I deal with nutrition and eating habits. In the theoretical part I have tried to sum up by means of secondary literature the basic information on principles of healthy nutrition and principal nutrients necessary for healthy development of the organism. Meanwhile I focus on the researched group, that is school children in the age of 7-10. I further describe the historical development of nutrition from our ancestors to present day, I deal with actual trends in nutrition coming along our modern time and I describe pathophysiology of nutrition, especially obesity. The paper aimed at describing eating habits of school children in the district of Třebíč. The quantitative research method applying questionnaire survey was applied. The research was carried out among children at 6 primary schools, both in the town as well as in the villages. Besides researching the issue of eating habits of children and finding out information on their awareness and knowledge, the paper aimed at confirming or overcoming 4 set hypotheses. Based on the assessment of data two hypotheses have been confirmed and two overcome. The results of the research have shown that school children do not follow healthy nutrition principles. It has been further confirmed that children consume throughout the day empty calories that have no nutritional value. Unexpectedly the hypothesis was overcome which stated that along with the increase of inappropriate eating habits the BMI value is increasing. The hypothesis that eating habits differ in town and village was also overcome. The bachelor thesis can be used as a source of information on healthy nutrition and the right eating habits of children in general and the eating habits of the researched file of child population. It could be of benefit for parents and teachers as they have a great influence on children and ought to exercise a positive impact on children.
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