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Drop-out of patients with substance addiction from hospital treatment
Korbová, Markéta ; Kalina, Kamil (advisor) ; Libra, Jiří (referee)
Background: The drop-out phenomenon is a common occurrence in addiction treatment, despite playing one of the most crucial roles in achieving desired treatment outcomes for addiction. The issue of drop-out is associated with both the healthcare facility and the patient, making it necessary to examine risk factors and learn how to respond to them. Aims: The aim of this study is to map and describe the factors that led patients in medium-term residential treatment to prematurely terminate treatment at their own request. The specific objectives are to assess the treatment program's design from the perspective of both patients and members of the therapeutic team, focus on patient needs, describe common characteristics of these patients, and identify potential interventions suitable for the treatment adaptation phase. Methods: Data were collected using a qualitative method of semi-structured interviews. Interviews were conducted with respondents who met the selection criteria, including patients and members of the therapeutic team. The research sample consisted of a total of 11 respondents. Results: Premature termination of treatment is caused by a combination of various factors, including personal, family, organizational, and socio-economic factors. Improvements in individualized patient care,...
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Use of the diary of nursing care for patients in the terminal stage of the disease
STEHLÍKOVÁ, Eva
The bachelor thesis deals with the possibilities of using the diary of nursing care for patients in the terminal stage of the disease. This theoretical bachelor thesis is based on research of sources taken from Czech and foreign literature, including database sources. The work focuses on general palliative care and the terminal stage and is divided into several sections. The needs of a dying person are described in detail here, both biological, psychosocial, and spiritual. The work also focuses on the dying stages, according to Kübler-Ross, which are described here in detail. The central chapter focuses on palliative communication, which is of special importance. Medical staff, including nurses, are not trained in how to talk to the family of a dying or deceased person. The following sub-chapters are devoted to the central topic of using a nursing diary for terminally ill patients abroad. The creation of a nursing diary in various countries of the world is described here in detail, as well as its acceptance in practice. It also includes a description of the diary, how it looks in certain healthcare facilities, and its possibilities. The effect of using a diary in practice on the quality of care provided is also discussed. The data show that the diary was very beneficial, especially to the families of the patients who kept the nursing diary. The diary helped families to better come to terms with the death of a loved one during the grieving process. The author's view on the issue is described at the end of the work. In response to the data, a proposal for a nursing diary in the Czech version was created to contribute to the development of palliative nursing care within the Czech Republic.
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Care of a patient with mental disorder from the perspective of a health worker in a social care facility
HRÁDKOVÁ, Denisa
The bachelor thesis is titled "Care for patient with mental disabilities from the perspective of healthcare worker in a social care facility". The first aim was to map the application of healthcare workers' competencies within social facilities. The second aim was to identify the needs of patients with mental disabilities in a selected social facility. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and an empirical part. In the theoretical part, the definition, etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and degrees of mental disability are described. This part also includes the bio-psycho-social-spiritual needs of patients and addresses the provision of healthcare, the duties of healthcare personnel, and the social facility itself. The empirical part was processed through qualitative research using semi-structured interviews. The research sample consisted of nine nurses working in selected social facilities. To achieve the set objectives, seven research questions were created. In the qualitative research investigation of this bachelor thesis, it was found that nurses in social facilities do not have the competence to perform intravenous therapy. Their competencies are applied in administering oral medications and wound care. Furthermore, from the conducted interviews with the nurses, it was revealed that all of the bio-psycho-social-spiritual needs of patients are adequately met in social facilities. The output of the study is an informational material intended for the general public, nurses working with mentally disabled individuals, student education, and family members of persons with disabilities. Additionally, the thesis will serve as a basis for further possible quantitative research that would verify the data obtained or as a source of information in the reconstruction of health and social facility standards.
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Nursing care of patients after a surgical procedure for a narrowed carotid artery
Daňková, Kateřina ; Di Cara, Veronika (advisor) ; Hocková, Jana (referee)
Abstract Surgeries of narrowed carotid arteries rank among the most common vascular medical procedures. Narrowing the carotid artery on the basis of creation of an atherosclerotic plaque is also the most common cause of stroke. It causes an insufficient blood flow to certain parts of the brain and can cause damage and lead to irreversible changes. This disease belongs among the lifestyle ones, involving a number of both controllable and uncontrollable risk factors. Prevention and timely operational and quality postoperative care are very important; the latter helps prevent fatal consequences leading to permanent disability. The aim of my thesis is to demonstrate nursing care for patients after the surgery of a narrowed carotid artery. The empirical section is based on qualitative research in the form of two case studies which describe the postoperative state of health and its progress. I point out the specifics of the nursing care for patients after the surgery of narrowed carotid artery in detail. The result of the bachelor's thesis is an overview of postoperative care which is beneficial for both general nurses and patients themselves. The thesis also encourages to reflect on the risk factors that cause this disease. Keywords: brain stroke, endartectomy, nursing care, patient's needs, carotid...
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The role of nursing staff in mobilizing immobile patiens and ways of nursing physiotherapy
Nedělková, Hana ; Marková, Monika (advisor) ; Křemenová, Eva (referee)
The present master thesis titled "The role of nursing staff in mobilisation of immobile patients and possibilities of physiotherapy" is focused on the quality of providing movement support on the Ist clinical department ofinternal medicine in the local hospital of the town of Most. The thesis is divided into two parts-theoretical and empirical one. In the theoretical part I focus on the role od physiotherapy from the point of view of providing the high-quality integrated nursing care. In this part of thesis I introduce the issues of patients' needs, movement support as an improvement of patient's quality of life and legislative competences of nursing staff related to physiotherapeutical care and self-reliance training based on the respective bibliographical sources. Further I also focus on the consequenses of immobility and the aspects of life quality, which is very intensively linked to patient's movement compentences.Final chapter of the theoretical part describes the principles of kistestetics and its implementation in movement support. The empirical part is formed of a research and its results interpretation.There I introduce the methodology of qualitative research and further I describe the proper reasearch itself , which was carried out among registered nurses on the I st clinical department...
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Patient satisfaction with nursing care at Surgical Intensive Care Units
KRAMAŘÍKOVÁ, Lucie
This diploma paper aims at defining and mapping out patient satisfaction in intensive care units for surgery patients and comparing results in dependence on length of hospitalization and facility. Diploma paper consists of theory and research. Theory is divided into 5 chapters. Empirical part of this diploma paper was carried out using the method of combined research. The first part is created by qualitative research using semi-structured interview, second part comprises quantitative research using non-standardized, structured questionnaire face to face survey. Processed results were arranged into Excel tables and graphs. All research was based on eight dimensions of patient-centered care delineated by the Picker Institute. Qualitative research sample consists of 11 respondents, quantitative research sample comprises 142 respondents. Data collection took place in surgical ward. This diploma paper defines four aims with two related research questions. The first aim is to determine the level of patient satisfaction with postoperative care. The second aim focuses on patient satisfaction with nursing care, the third aim is to define positive and negative factors influencing patient satisfaction in intensive care units and the last aim points at patient satisfaction with nursing care in intensive care units in relation to the type of facility and length of hospitalization. These two quantitative research questions were posed: 1. What are the possibilities to improve patient satisfaction in nursing care? The research survey showed that an area of concern is patient awareness. It is necessary to improve patient awareness after admission to an intensive care unit and during transfer to a standard ward. Pain and insufficient pain relief often occurred. Nurses should cooperate more with doctors in this respect and, above all, monitor patients more and offer alternative ways of pain relief. Other problems were mentioned in relation to bed adjustment possibilities. Despite the fact that nurses were trying to do their best, not all the circumstances could be influenced that way, for example mattress hardness. The last concern area, mentioned by patients, was perceived loneliness. Nurses should conduct considerate and sensitive conversation, create feeling of trust and support patients. The second question: What factors influence patient satisfaction? The results show that it is, above all, nursing staff attitude, followed by patient awareness, pain and sufficient pain relief, intensive unit environment and last but not least bed adaptation. Quantitative part set six presumptions using statistical methods independence test, chi-square test, Yates correction, t-test, and correlation-regression analysis. Questions from the first part of this paper were processed (in percentage) into clearly arranged graphs. Research survey shows that respondents were satisfied with nursing care and nursing staff. Patient awareness during admission to intensive care unit and staff anonymity proved to be the biggest areas of concern. Pain and insufficient pain relief turned out the clear reason for dissatisfaction as well as absence of information about performed surgeries. Conclusion of quantitative research survey showed that there is no statistically significant difference in patient satisfaction according to health-care facility or length of hospitalization.
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Meeting the needs of foreign in-patient at the isolation unit of tuberculosis treatment according to the principles of the holism.
STRNKOVÁ, Romana
Abstract:Even today tuberculosis is a major health problem all round the world. The Czech Republic belongs among countries with low incidence of tuberculosis these days. In recent years the representation of foreigners in the total number of patients suffering from tuberculosis in our country has been increasing due to migration. In practice this results in the increase of number of foreigners hospitalized at isolation wards ? units for treating tuberculosis. Due to differences concerning culture, language, eating habits, customs, rituals and traditions, the stay at the isolation ward is for those patients traumatic experience for those patients. Hence, the thesis deals with the issue of meeting the needs of patients ? foreigners hospitalized at isolation ward for treating tuberculosis according to holistic principles. Two objectives were set at the very beginning. The first objective was to find out whether the needs of patients- foreigners hospitalized at isolation wards are met according to holistic principles. The other objective was to find out whether there are differences in the patients´- foreigners´ perception of the hospital environment. The theoretical part deals with holistic approach in patients care, present multicultural nursing, communication in providing nursing care, specificities of nursing at isolation ward and cultural specificities of hospitalized patients. The research part is based on qualitative data collection. An interview, observation and content data analysis were the methods applied in the research. The research set consisted of 5 patients-foreigners, who were hospitalized at isolation wards for treating tuberculosis in Hospital of České Budějovice, plc. and in the Lung Hospital in Humpolec. On the basis of information collected from patients during interviews, case histories were completed and these histories say that during hospitalization patient?s ? foreigner?s needs are met according to holistic principles. However, meeting the needs is to some extend influenced by the necessity to follow hygienic - epidemiological standards, relating to specificities of the ward operation. The environment of the isolation ward is perceived by the patients ? foreigners, due to the cultural and language differences, very intensively. Hospitalization, where these people are in a foreign country isolated from their relatives and friends, influences their behaviour, perception and reactions in a negative way. Language barrier makes the problem even worse. We are able to provide multicultural friendly care respecting opinions, traditions, habits and cultural specificities of an individual and non- traumatic adaptation to new environment in hospital.
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