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Control of dividing attachment
Španěl, Petr ; Procházka, Petr (referee) ; Huták, Petr (advisor)
Automatic cutting machine can cut wires and cables to user-defined length at a specified number of pieces. These equipments are usually custom-made for needs of the requested application and they are not very spread out tools on the Czech market. This described device is specified for efficiency-rise in the production of heat-resistant cables. These prepared cables are used for internal connection of the resistors.
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Design of microscope positioning
Donabauer, Petr ; Mazal, Pavel (referee) ; Čudek, Vladimír (advisor)
This Bachelor thesis deals with design and realization of the industrial modular microscope positioning stand in two axis vertical at each other for providing vertical drop of units at measurement. In term of survey of present state are proposed possible solutions followed by selection of the most optimal one and then its construction process. Design documentation is part of this work.
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Safety when handling and positioning of the patient
HŘEBEJKOVÁ, Blanka
This thesis focuses mainly on threats to the safety of nursing personnel. These include a high risk of injury when positioning and the risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders,which can lead to a long-term sickness of the member of the medical staff. The theoretical part is divided into four parts. The first part describes in particular the need for safety and security, as well as factors that have an influence on this human need.Attention is focused also on ensuring safety while providing nursing care, especially when positioning patients. In connection with safety during this activity, a section in this thesis is devoted to the kinaesthetic mobilization, which offers a slightly different view of the positioning and patient handling. In the last chapter of the theoretical part, findings concerning the prevention of damage to health nurses in providing nursing care are summarized. The thesis has three objectives that were formulated as follows. Objective 1: Determine whether nurses use kinaesthetic principles during a patient handling. Objective 2: Determine whether nurses, in their opinion, have enough equipment to ensure safety during patient handling and positioning. Objective 3: Map the causes of the use of inconsiderate patient positioning techniques. Based on these objectives, the research question and three hypotheses were set. Research question: What are the possibilities for improving patient handling and positioning within the nursing process? Hypothesis 1: The use of kinaesthetic depends on the type of department. Hypothesis 2: Nurses use bad positioning techniques despite their knowledge that they can harm their health and also patient's. Hypothesis 3: Lack of time is the most common cause of the use of the inconsiderate method of positioning. In order to fulfil the objectives, a quantitative research, for which we choose the questionnaire method of data collection, was conducted. The questionnaires were designed for nurses working in the department of surgery, internal medicine and the department of aftercare. The survey was carried out in 7 hospitals of South Bohemia. In total, 340 questionnaires were distributed into these hospitals.The final research sample, therefore, consisted of 209 completed questionnaires. The rate of return was 61%. The obtained data were processed and analysed using Microsoft Excel 2013, then analysed statistically using the chi-square test. The results were processed into graphs. Based on the results, we can conclude that the hypothesis 1 is confirmed. We found that kinaesthetic is used most in aftercare departments. On the contrary, surgery departments use it the least. This is probably due to a different composition of patients on these wards.Hypothesis 2 was, for testing purposes, divided into two working hypotheses. H2a: 60 % nurses know that classical principles of positioning can damage their health. This hypothesis has been disproved. A corollary is HA: Knowledge of nurses about the risk of an injury is not 60%. The research has also revealed that almost three quarters (74 %) of the nurses know that positioning can damage their health. The second part of the hypothesis 2, i.e. H2b: 60 % nurses know that the classical principles of positioning can damage the health of the patient, has also been refuted, and thus applies HA: Knowledge of nurses about the risk of an injury to the patient is not 60%. The results of the survey showed that only 24 % nurses consider the classic method of positioning a risk to patient's health. Hypothesis 3 was, through our research survey, refuted. Sisters see the most frequent reason for using the inconsiderate positioning procedure in the lack of staff.We managed to answer the research question by analysing literature in the theoretical part and performing the survey in the practical part of this thesis.An output of this thesis will be an expert article published in a professional journal and a presentation at a professional conference
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Comparison of chosen nursing in prevention of immobility syndrome in a senior nursing home in Germany and the Czech Republic for lying immobile patients.
ČERNÁ, Lucie
As the population is getting older there is increased number of geriatric patients. However there is also increased number of immobile seniors, who are not able to take care of themselves. Comprehensive health and social security is being provided in homes for elderly, which fulfil the role of long-term institutional care. Nurses must be trained for this highly professional and knowledgeable nursing care aimed at geriatric problems. For geriatric clients of home for elderly it´s important realization of prevention, treatment and social measures in the form of an individual approach. That these measures can be implemented it is necessary to evaluate the health status of seniors, their physical performance, self-sufficiency and mental functions in connection with the social situation and to formulate a nursing diagnosis. As a result of long-term bed rest can lead to health complications affecting all body systems, so-called immobilization syndrome. How to prevent secondary damage that threatens the patients White Theo arge already ill is focused rehabilitation nursing. Among rehabilitation resources in the prevention of immobilization syndrome in nursing practice arge included: positioning, verticalization, mobilization. Inseparable part of prevention measures is preventing health complications in case of immobile clients homes for the elderly arge suitably selected positioning aids, mobilizing resources, well-equipped bed with antidekubitus system. In the thesis there were two objectives. To Compare keeping preventive measures which prevent the formation of pressure ulcers and muscle contractures in nursing care for immobile patients in the Czech and German retirement homes. To map out the possibilities of aids in the prevention of complications in immobile clients in the Czech and German retirement homes. Bachelor thesis has been made by using qualitative research. For collection of data was used a method in-depth interviews with four Czech and four German nurses. This method involved non-standardized interviews through open-ended questions that were recorded by dictaphone and transcribed verbatim. The data analysis was carried out by hand coding or using a pencil and paper. By analyzing the data four categories were created, each divided into the home for the elderly in the Czech Republic and the home for the elderly in Germany: 1.Nurses knowledge ,2.Implementation of preventive measures , 3.Equipment for immobile clients, 4.General knowledge related to immobile clients. Research survey found out that there is not a big difference in adherence to preventive measures to prevent the formation of decubitus and muscle contractures in nursing care for immobile patients in Czech and German homes for the elderly and comparable are also the possibilities of using tools to prevent complications in case of immobile clients. The biggest gap in nursing care for clients is bad knowledge of contractures in both homes for the elderly. Also keeping documentation and records relevant to the implementation of preventive measures in the Czech home for the elderly is not satisfactory. Mobilization record is missing and positioning record should be more detailed. We therefore propose the creation of positioning and mobilization recording modeled according to the German retirement home and handing it to the leadership of retirement home in the Czech.
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Antidecubital Care as a Nursing Problem
KŘÍŽOVÁ, Monika
This thesis deals with the issue of providing antidecubital care and observes the fulfilment of nursing interventions in the care about non-self sufficient patients. During performing her duties, every nurse encounters the issue of decubitus ulcers formation and with this related antidecubital care. Thus, it can be stated that the occurrence of decubitous ulcers serves also as the indicator of the quality of provided nursing care. A lot of people think that the problem develops particularly in elders, but young people who are bedridden after injuries and accidents are also affected and this complication degrades the quality of their life. The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. The theoretical part describes the anatomy of skin and its function, decubitus and classification of decubitus ulcers are defined, their localization with characteristics of predilection sites are specified, outlining complications in decubitus ulcers. The theoretical part pursues antidecubital care with the division into subheads on positioning, antidecubital aids, nursing interventions, and the mission of the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel is described. The separate chapter includes the risk assessment of decubitus ulcers formations, as is e.g. Norton scale, etc. The last chapter embraces the specification of conservative and surgical treatment of pressure sores. The aim of the research examination was to determine whether the nurses perceived antidecubital care as a nursing problem and to map the opinions of the nurses relating to antidecubital care. Three research questions were set to achieve the objectives: first, what the pitfalls of nursing care were on the part of the nurses, secondly, what areas within antidecubital care were neglected and finally, how antidecubital care at selected inpatient wards was provided. The research was implemented at the chosen inpatient wards in České Budějovice Hospital, PLC, from the period of February to April 2014. The research file consisted of the general nurses and the medical assistants. A hidden participant observation was conducted and then questionnaires with 15 questions that were closed or semi-closed were distributed to the nurses. 45 questionnaires were handed out, 31 handed back and all 31 questionnaires could be processed. Thus, the total return of the questionnaires was 69%. Questions in the questionnaire were based on the observation criteria. The hidden participant observation was processed and plotted on the observation sheet and then classified according to the given criteria. After delivery, the returned questionnaires were checked and evaluated graphically. All results were processed using Misrocoft Office Excel program, were plotted in graphs with keys and descriptions. By processing and comparing the results, we ascertained that in some fields the opinion of the nurses was different from the practice that was really performed. It could be also caused by the fact that antidecubital care is very time-consuming, demanding and comprises a lot of nursing interventions. Sufficient number of aids with which the ward is equipped is relevant as well, be it preventive aids or medical ones. And last but not least the organization of the care. At present, the time spent on completing documentation is increasing and the time that can be used by nurses for contacting a patient and satisfy his/her needs is decreasing. Nevertheless, the patient´s state and his/her contentment reflect and demonstrate our care. After previous arrangement, the results of our research examination will be communicated to the ward sisters at the selected inpatient wards where the research examination was performed.
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Rehabilitative nursing of patients in department after-care
VOJČOVÁ, Lucie
Following batchelor´s thesis focuses on rehabilitative nursing of patients in department after-care and it is divided into two parts. In a theory part of the thesis elementary terms such as rehabilitation, nursing, and department after-care are briefly described. Close attention is paid to rehab treatment elements carried out within the frame of rehabilitative nursing. Individual elements are described in detail in individual chapters. The end of the theory part focuses on the issue of immobilization and on immobilizing syndrome. The practical part describes experimental research leading to verification of defined hypothesis. A quantitative method aided by questionnaire technique was used for the research. This research was carried out with nurses in department after-care in following hospitals: Nemocnice České Budějovice, a.s.; Nemocnice Prachatice a.s.; Nemocnice Český Krumlov, a.s. where 120 questionnaires were held out with 83,3% questionnaires returned. 100 questionnaires, made 100% were used for the final research. The aim of this thesis was to find out what rehab treatment elements are applied with patients in department after-care. The other aim was to verify knowledge of nurses in rehab care. To set targets hypothesis H1, H2 and H3 were made. H1: Nurses in department after-care apply especially elements of positioning. H1 was proved. H2: Nurses in department after-care more frequetly practice self service and self sufficiency with patients rather than practicing motoric skills. H2 was not proved. H3: Nurses have got the knowledge of rehab care. H3 was proved. Findings of this thesis will be provided to management of Nemocnice České Budějovice, a.s. who may use it as a base for lecture for nurses from department after- care. As a part of this lecture a practical illustration of individual rehab care elements would be appropriate to demonstrate. Hospital management will hereby support improval of quality of provided care in department after-care and also will support the nurses in this field.
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Clinical bed as a nurse´s helper
HRADOVÁ, Helena
This thesis is focused on a patient bed. The theoretical part deals with a patient bed in general, the patient beds classification as mechanical, electrical, child and infant beds, and also special beds. For the patient´s comfort not only a quality bed is important, but also basic fittings and various auxiliary parts in the form of additive accessories. The bed has a unique function in the care of patients, it enables to adjust various therapeutic and examination positions, but it also helps in many ways in the nurse´s work by reducing the impact of high physical load on her musculoskeletal system. The current issue is also the care for the nurse´s health and safety at work The objectives of this work are to determine how a patient bed helps in the nurse´s work, how useful the auxiliary parts of the bed may be and whether nurses make use of the bed convenience features. The stated hypotheses assume that the bed make the nurses´ work easier, nurses are satisfied with types of beds in the ward, make use of bed convenience features and also use the additive accessories. The survey was conducted by the quantitative method using questionnaires made up for nurses working in the České Budějovice Hospital, Inc. These questionnaires were distributed to standard departments, the Intensive Care Unit, Intermediate Care and Anesthesiology and Intensive Care. The questionnaire contained 35 questions, it was completely anonymous and voluntary. The data obtained from the questionnaires are processed into graphs in percentage. In the final part of the thesis the findings either confirm or do not confirm the pre-stated hypothesis, the output of this work is the research results provision to the hospital management as a material suitable for the selection of new patient beds in the department. The results will also be submitted to the beds manufacturer, as an example of nurses´ feedback.
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Prevention of immobilization syndrome in patients with extension.
POSPÍŠILOVÁ, Eva
Abstract More and more up-to date equipment in the health-care sector makes the treatment of fractures possible, especially by means of surgery. However, not every patient is indicated for surgery. Even today, we can see a patient with the extension at the standard and intensit care units. Therefore, nurses must know how to take care of this patient and how to prevent the risk of immobilization syndrome in patient with extension that may cause many serious complications. The aims of this study were to identify the negative factors affecting a development of the immobilization syndrome in a patient with the extension, to compare the differences in the use of immobilization devices to prevent the immobilization syndrome in a patient with the extension at the standard and intensive care unit and to determine whether patients with extension are familiar with possibility of the immobilization syndrome. Four hypotheses have been defined. In the first hypothesis we assumed that inconveniently selected positioning affected the emergence of the immobilization syndrome. This hypothesis was confirmed. Inconveniently selected positioning is most often involved in the immobilization syndrome. In the second hypothesis we assumed that inconvenient hygienic care affected the emergence of the immobilization syndrome. This hypothesis was also confirmed. The insufficient hygienic care affects a development of the immobilization syndrome. In the third hypothesis we assumed that the intensive care unit used more up-to-date equipment to take care of a patinet with the extension compared to the standard unit. This hypothesis was also confirmed. The intensive care units used more up-to-date equipment to take care of a patinet with the extension compared to the standard unit. In the fourth hypothesis we assumed that patients with extension had no information about the possibility of the imobilization syndrome. This hypothesis was disproved. The patients with the extension are informed about the possibility of the immobilization syndrome. The nurses at the standard and intensive care units in Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. (PLC) and Military Hospital Olomouc were asked to be a research sample. Data were collected by the quantitative exploration method using anonymous questionnaires. In total 110 questionnaires were distributed of which 68 were used for the final evalution. The remainig questionnaires had to be withdrawn from the investigation because they were completed insufficiently by the nurses. This study could help to supplement the educational material for patients with the extension and to increase the knowledge of the nurses in the area of care of such patient.
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Canisterapie practicing in České Budějovice.
KOCANDOVÁ, Jana
Canistherapy is one of the forms of zootherapy. It is a part of a compact rehabilitation, which serves to the support of psychosocial health of human beings of any age, where is used the presence of a dog. The goal of the bachelor thesis is to collect information about a process of canistherapy.
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