|
|
Long-distance migrations of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae)
Hlaváček, Antonín ; Hadrava, Jiří (advisor) ; Černý, Martin (referee)
Long-distance migration of insects is well-known phenomenon, studied especially in butterflies and locusts. Until now, the migration of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) was considered a rather marginal issue and not much attention has been given to it. However, billions of hoverflies take part in the spring and autumn migration every year, transferring hundreds of tonnes of biomass and nutrients. The aim of this thesis is to review an existing knowledge on the migration of hoverflies in context of their ecology and evolution. In the first part, I discuss the biogeography and diversity of migratory hover flies, methods for studying migration and the application of such methods in hover flies migration. In the following chapters, I focus on the migration of particular species in context of their ecology and evolution, especially on population dynamics, phenology, orientation, and dimorphism in the migratory generation.
|
|
|
Výskyt škůdců a jejich antagonistů v konvenčním a ekologickém zemědělství
Malec, Josef
The aim of this thesis was to find out which pests and their antagonists occur in crop growth in conventional and organic farming. The occurrence of pests and their antagonists was investigated in 2018 in the stands of red clover (Trifolium pratense) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) in conventional and ecological land management systems near Ruda u Velké Meziříčí. The trapping methods used were skidding and glue boards. A total of 16,131 individuals were trapped (15951 insects, 180 spiders), 7359 (45.6 %) were trapped using glue boards, 8772 (54.3 %) were skidded. At glue boards was no significant difference in the number of trapped individuals depending on the color of the glued boards. At wheat stands were trapped 5853 (36.3 %) individuals (3143 in conventional cultivation, 2710 in ecological), at red clower stands were trapped 10278 (63.7 %), (3979 in conventional cultivation, 6299 in ecological). In total were trapped 12824 of pests, 4982 in wheat stands (2717 in conventional cultivation, 2265 in ecological), in red clover stands 7842 (2965 in conventional cultivation, 4877 in ecological). In total were trapped 1323 of antagonists, 377 in the wheat stands (151 in conventional cultivation, 226 in ecological), 946 in red clover (325 in conventional cultivation, 621 in ecological). In wheat stands were the most effective bioregulators Braconidae, Coccinellidae and Syrphidae, the most harmful insect were Oulema sp. and Thysanoptera. The most effective bioregulators in red clover stands are Coccinellidae, the most important pests are the genus Protapion.
|
guest ::
