|
|
Haemoproteus in passerines: Prevalence and infekction dynamics
Chalupová, Barbora ; Svobodová, Milena (advisor) ; Munclinger, Pavel (referee)
The genera Haemoproteus and Plasmodium are widespread genera of blood parasites from phylum Apicomplexa. Both genera have dixenous life cycle and their definitive hosts belong to the order Diptera. Both parasites can be found in birds where asexual division takes place. The infection with genera Haemoproteus and Plasmodium is usually asymptomatic; during long lasting chronic phase relapses of the infection can occur. We gained 1 092 blood samples from 29 trapped species of passerines in Milovice forest during seasons 2017-2019. Haemosporidians were detected in 48 % of samples. The prevalence of genus Plasmodium was 16 %, the prevalence of genus Haemoproteus was 22 % and 10 % we could not specify the parasite. We have found six new lineages of genus Haemoproteus, provisionally named Haemoproteus lineages coccoc_1, coccoc_2, coccoc_3, coccoc_4, embcit, fricoe which total prevalence was 14 %. Lineage Haemoproteus sp. coccoc_1 was the most noticed one and its prevalence was 12 %. Plasmodium relictum clone Peng14-121Br2AF and isolate Cc_P1 was the second most prevalent (13 %). Infection dynamics was studied in samples gained in years 2014-2019. Forty individuals were examined between years and twenty-seven individuals were examined intraseasonally. Three individuals were trapped both intra- and...
|
|
|
Haemoproteus in passerines: Prevalence and infekction dynamics
Chalupová, Barbora ; Svobodová, Milena (advisor) ; Munclinger, Pavel (referee)
The genera Haemoproteus and Plasmodium are widespread genera of blood parasites from phylum Apicomplexa. Both genera have dixenous life cycle and their definitive hosts belong to the order Diptera. Both parasites can be found in birds where asexual division takes place. The infection with genera Haemoproteus and Plasmodium is usually asymptomatic; during long lasting chronic phase relapses of the infection can occur. We gained 1 092 blood samples from 29 trapped species of passerines in Milovice forest during seasons 2017-2019. Haemosporidians were detected in 48 % of samples. The prevalence of genus Plasmodium was 16 %, the prevalence of genus Haemoproteus was 22 % and 10 % we could not specify the parasite. We have found six new lineages of genus Haemoproteus, provisionally named Haemoproteus lineages coccoc_1, coccoc_2, coccoc_3, coccoc_4, embcit, fricoe which total prevalence was 14 %. Lineage Haemoproteus sp. coccoc_1 was the most noticed one and its prevalence was 12 %. Plasmodium relictum clone Peng14-121Br2AF and isolate Cc_P1 was the second most prevalent (13 %). Infection dynamics was studied in samples gained in years 2014-2019. Forty individuals were examined between years and twenty-seven individuals were examined intraseasonally. Three individuals were trapped both intra- and...
|
|
|
Effect of a dummy on passerine behaviour in playback experiments
Kubátová, Hana ; Petrusková, Tereza (advisor) ; Linhart, Pavel (referee)
Playback experiment is a frequently used method for the scientific research of the bird song and its functions. A recording of vocalization is played in the territory of the tested male, and its responses are observed. Majority of the studies using playback recordings presents only the acoustic stimulus. Sometimes a dummy is also used to provide a visual stimulus. This review focuses on the effects of the dummy on the passerine behavior in the playback experiments. In the first part a comparison is made within the groups of experiments with the same field of interest. The main questions are: how often is a dummy used in these types of experiments, how do designs and results differ depending on its presence/absence and, if possible, how do researchers evaluate its use. Subsequently, I tried to compare experiments with and without dummy within same species, but because of the differences of the experimental designs and the differences in forms of presentation the results, which were often not comparable, it was difficult to make clear conclusions. Next part analyses the few available studies where both trials with and without a dummy were performed on the same individuals. The review shows that the dummy allows tested males to express additional behavioural patterns, which can be noted by the...
|
guest ::
