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The role of the United Russia in political system of the Russian Federation
Vondráčková, Dominika ; Příhoda, David (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
With the beginning of new millennium the political atmosphere in Russia started to change significantly. The number of political parties dramatically decreased and in 2001 was formed soon to be strongest party - the United Russia. Since then the overall centralization of the system had started - it happened to be more difficult for smaller parties to reach the Duma mandates, media are influenced more than before and NGOs with certain political opinions are forbidden to operate. In this environment exists the United Russia - the party of power - not a platform for discussion, which a political party should be, but a tool of Kremlin, which reminds more a center of elites, power and means. In the beginning of the text are described competitive and non-competitive party systems. The current party system of Russia is there acknowledged as a party system with pragmatic- hegemonic party. Further the text follows the evolution and changes of the party system in Russia, the electoral reforms and overall changes since 1999 to the present. Then the ideology of Russia in international environment is discussed as well as the ideology of the United Russia. The text shows, that even though the United Russia declares an ideology, in reality it could be found only scarcely.
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The United Russia and strengthening of the influence in the Russian Federation
Vondráčková, Dominika ; Příhoda, David (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
This work is about the United Russia - party of power in Russian Federation. The exact aim is to define and describe main ways of strenghtening the party's power within the system. Those ways are especially: election reforms, biased medias, biased voting behavior managed through regions and youth movements. Text is divided into three chapters - theoretical, historical and practical. The first chapter talks about theory of political parties, parties of power in general, and about hegemonic party systems. This chapter provides theoretical frame and supports argumentation that hegemonic party needs to use certain activities in order to perpetuate its influence. Second chapter explores the history and tradition of political parties in Russia. Traditionally parties were very weak and often established by state, instead of being established by the civil society and its cleavages. In this part are shown longer-term factors, which are helpful in perpetuating strong Russian party of power. Last chapter shows the main spheres through which the party strengthens itself. We talk about period since 2001 when the party was established until presence (2016). Here are demonstrated concrete examples - for instance how exactly was changed the electorate system in order to advance the United Russia, how is the voting...
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The Role of the United Russia in Political System of the Russian Federation
Vondráčková, Dominika ; Příhoda, David (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
Main focus of this text is the current party of power in Russia - the United Russia. The party was established on purpose of competing another party (and take away votes), but eventually gained quite high number of votes itself. Almost since the beginning we could have been witnessing a partnership between United Russia and Vladimir Putin. After Vladimir Putin became a president in 2000, legal changes concerning parties had occurred. The goal of my writing is to show what role does the party have and how the system influences United Russia's position in the system. In the first chapter I focus on typologies of party systems. I begin with Sartori and his classification of less competitive regimes and then I am moving towards special terms which are especially being used for Russian case. In the next chapter, I am talking mainly about changes of party system and reforms in the system which came hand in hand with Putin's presidency. Those reforms show us very clearly the tendencies within party system held by the Kremlin. At the end I talk about United Russia and its distribution of power.
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Party of power in the Russian government and party system
Příhoda, David ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
This work deals with parties of power in the Russian government and party system. There is supposed that the executive branch, namely president, is most significant part of the Russian government. Parties of power are established by executive with aim to reach places enough in State Duma to posses majority of seats. They are set down from above. The work is divided into three parts. The first one is focused on executive branch. Here are described power of president and government and relationships among other executive bodies. The second part deals with political parties and party system. First, there are introduced the reasons why political parties are so weak. Periodization of party system and performance of party families follow. The third part is focused on parties of power. First of all, we try to define this concept. The attantion is than turned to the parties established during Yeltsin era. Parties established during Putin era follow. Putin and Yeltsin differ in their attitude to the party of power.
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