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Training of the back at vertebrogenous patients
ZEISKOVÁ, Kateřina
The world statistics state that 80% of the population encounter pains in the back. These problems were accelerated by modern times, that thanks, to the technical comfort, brought to many people health troubles resulting from the lack of exercise. I chose the subject {\clqq} Training of the back`` because I work as physiotherapist and the people feeling pains in the back belong to my profession every day. I occupy myself with the given problems. Considering the present state of the given problems, I concentrated on the most important connection concerning the training of the back. First, I described the backbone as a part of the locomotory system. Another guideline that was interconnection of muscular groups of the back, chest, abdomen and of the pelvis, that build the muscular corset. I described locomotory stereotypes and disorders there of in particular relations. Integral part of the present state that is the origin of the pain, its cause, diagnosis and therapy. In the theoretical part I dealt with general principles as to the training of the back and with the importance of this training for the therapy of vertebrogenous patients. The aim of the work and of the research was to discover whether a change in locomotory stereotypes before and after therapy took place at patients with pains in lumbosacral part of the backbone and to propose for three different professions the therapy inclusive of necessary regiment measures. The hypothesis was proclaimed that the therapy including also the training of the back will bring about the change locomotory habits of the patients. Secondary analysis of data from health documentation in combination with directly watching the patents were used as technology of the research. The last form of the research is the questionnaire interviewing of the patients suffering from pains in the lumbosacral part of the backbone. It concerns an integral research with prevailing technologies of quantitative research. The basic check group, that are clients of the physiotherapeutical clinic, who suffer from back pains in the lumbosacral part of the backbone. 100 patients altogether underwent the therapy. They were given the same number of questionnaires. All of them were returned. Theoretical questionnaire investigation was under way from October 2007 to March 2008. I used diagrams in processing the collected data and show the results in percentages. I chose three different professions in the course of therapy, and that secretary, forester and student doing sport and I proposed for them the therapy of back pain, that included also the training of their backs and regimen measures as pain prevention. The proclaimed hypothesis was confirmed in connection with the aim of the work. The research work, I carried out, present analysis of particular locomotory stereotypes. The results showed that locomotory habits had been improved after the therapy in direction to psychology. If the patients observe the stereotypes, they learnt and continue the physiotherapy, I chose, and the part of which is also the training of the back, helped not only the patients themselves, but that it brought benefit for the whole physiotherapeutical clinic. The work will be exploited for organization of seminars on the given place of work.
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The experience of children with diagnosis and control of pain during hospitalization on children's wards
ZELLEROVÁ, Kateřina
The diploma thesis entitled "Experience of children in assessment and treatment of pain in hospitalization at children's departments" deals with the topic of children's pain and its treatment. The issue is the main topic of the theoretical and practical part of the thesis and both of them focus on children at their pre-school and school age. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the current state of the issue, the psychology of a child at the pre-school and school age and also pain as such and its specifics in children. It is obvious that pain of a child is different not only in diagnostics and treatment. A child reacts differently also in experiencing pain, and also fables are often among people regarding pain that persist even these days. It is important to realize that a child is not a smaller adult, and that is why care for a child must be different. At the same time a child has to be taken as an integral human being who experiences pain and it always has to be assessed objectively according to scales and other objective methods selected according to the child's age. In this area, a big problem can be fables about children's pain that persist even in the current population. The research part of the thesis is aimed at interviews with children hospitalized at children's departments regarding their pain and also interviews with nurses. It compares information obtained from both groups of respondents and it looks for answers to questions of experiencing pain by a child, assessment by a nurse and treatment. It is apparent from the results of the research that children perceived differences in assessment and treatment of pain at home and in hospital, particularly in the change of the person that have to approach, and also in using non-pharmacological methods that are used more by mothers at home. This regards frequency and the way of pain assessment; children are not aware of regularity of assessment, they do not know the scales that the nurses mentioned as those that are used most often. Treatment of pain in hospitals is mostly pharmacological. But children do not always get the information about effect of a drug when it is administered to them. At the same time this part of the thesis looks for the possibilities and the need to create a standard for assessment and treatment of pain in children as well as the most important parts that the standards should contain. In this connection, a draft of the standard for nursing care of a child in pain was created within the thesis which makes up an appendix hereof.
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Intergenerational opinions on euthanasia
EXNEROVÁ, Jitka
I have chosen the topic of euthanasia for my bachelor´s thesis. I find the topic fairly problematic and it is frequently discussed in the media as well. On the other hand, there is palliative medicine which is rarely spoken about. In my thesis I wanted to highlight the possibilities of palliative care which seem to be neglected in our society and to underline possible risks of euthanasia. Moreover, I wanted to find out which factors influence the opinions on euthanasia in individual age groups. I was interested in the way people look upon euthanasia and palliative care. The thesis includes a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part deals with euthanasia, palliative care, pain, suffering, dying and death. In the practical part there are examples of abbreviated dialogues connected with this topic. In order to gain necessary information I have chosen the method of qualitative research and that of a narrative and semicontrolled dialogue. All the dialogues were recorded on a dictaphone with the consent o feach addressed person and then transferred into written form. They were abbreviated and preserved in colloquial language form for the sake of their authenticity. Some people wanted me to ask them questions. I have found out that palliative care still presents an unknown quantity for most people and the word hospice makes them feel scared, they have distorted ideas. On the contrary, they are pretty familiar with the word euthanasia, almost all of them have come across it and know what it is about. I have decided on four age categories. I have addressed at least one woman and one man from each category to be able to hear the opinion of both sexes. Respondents were chosen by chance. During the research I have found out that the intergenerational opinions on euthanasia are becoming less contradictious. I suppose that the goals of my thesis have been reached. Taking the information which has been found out into consideration it would be of great benefit if the media and the responsible organisations would provide our society with more information about the possibilities of palliative care.
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Mothers awareness of the suckers and the toddlers nutrition
NOVÁČKOVÁ, Dana
The proposed bachelor thesis is entitled ``The task of nurse in the dealing with pain in hospice facilities{\crqq}. Pain is one of the most frequent symptoms of cancer disease. The majority of oncological patients is not afraid of the disease itself but of the pain vision. Especially in the hospice treatment, i.e., the treatment of patients in the terminal stage of their illness, we see that it is necessary to appease the pain efficiently in order to help to improve the quality of patient life. In the theoretical part of this thesis, the terms such as lenitive and hospice treatment are described as well as forms and goals of hospice treatments. Furthermore, the pain physiology and resolution, factors influencing the pain, pain evaluation and pain treatment options are discussed. The task of medical treatment of pain and a unique role of nurse in this treatment is explained. Various applications of analgesics and possible ways of communication with the patient are also described. Options of alternative, non-pharmacological, cure for pain and a role of nurse in this treatment is mentioned. In the end, we discuss the lenitive treatment and pain healing of elders and restless patient. Goals of the practical part of the thesis are the recording of the problem of tumor pain management in hospices from a nurse point of view and the investigation whether hospice staff uses the method of treatment process. Two work hypotheses related to this goal were proposed. The first one supposes that nurses employed in Czech hospices have enough knowledge about the pain management. The second hypothesis supposes that staff uses the method of treatment process. The research was conducted in hospices in Červený Kostelec, Brno, Rajhrad, Plzeň, Litoměřice, Most, Prachatice, Praha, Valašské Meziříčí and Olomouc, in home care Cesta domů in Praha, in mobile hospice Ondráček in Ostrava and in a mobile hospice in Benešov. We used a questionnaire research method. The questionnaire contained identification questions, questions focused on the work of nurses in the dealing with pain in hospices and questions related to the treatment in hospices. The achieved results confirmed the first hypothesis (nurses in Czech hospices have enough knowledge about the pain management). The second hypothesis (the staff uses the method of treatment process) was not approved.
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The role of a nurse in the treatment of tumor pain in nursing facilities of the hospice type
WEINEROVÁ, Jaroslava
The proposed bachelor thesis is entitled ``The task of nurse in the dealing with pain in hospice facilities{\crqq}. Pain is one of the most frequent symptoms of cancer disease. The majority of oncological patients is not afraid of the disease itself but of the pain vision. Especially in the hospice treatment, i.e., the treatment of patients in the terminal stage of their illness, we see that it is necessary to appease the pain efficiently in order to help to improve the quality of patient life. In the theoretical part of this thesis, the terms such as lenitive and hospice treatment are described as well as forms and goals of hospice treatments. Furthermore, the pain physiology and resolution, factors influencing the pain, pain evaluation and pain treatment options are discussed. The task of medical treatment of pain and a unique role of nurse in this treatment is explained. Various applications of analgesics and possible ways of communication with the patient are also described. Options of alternative, non-pharmacological, cure for pain and a role of nurse in this treatment is mentioned. In the end, we discuss the lenitive treatment and pain healing of elders and restless patient. Goals of the practical part of the thesis are the recording of the problem of tumor pain management in hospices from a nurse point of view and the investigation whether hospice staff uses the method of treatment process. Two work hypotheses related to this goal were proposed. The first one supposes that nurses employed in Czech hospices have enough knowledge about the pain management. The second hypothesis supposes that staff uses the method of treatment process. The research was conducted in hospices in Červený Kostelec, Brno, Rajhrad, Plzeň, Litoměřice, Most, Prachatice, Praha, Valašské Meziříčí and Olomouc, in home care Cesta domů in Praha, in mobile hospice Ondráček in Ostrava and in a mobile hospice in Benešov. We used a questionnaire research method. The questionnaire contained identification questions, questions focused on the work of nurses in the dealing with pain in hospices and questions related to the treatment in hospices. The achieved results confirmed the first hypothesis (nurses in Czech hospices have enough knowledge about the pain management). The second hypothesis (the staff uses the method of treatment process) was not approved.
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Hospices and Care Based on Individual Needs of the Patient
SEKYRKOVÁ, Michaela
This diploma work deals with hospice and a quality of care given to the clients of the hospice, that fully covers complex needs, changing during a life limiting illness, taking in account the dignity of the human being to the very last moment of his life. This care is a promise for a man, that he won´t be alone in the burdensome moments of his life. There are a hospice management and various forms of hospice care in Czech Republic described in a theoretical part of the work. This chapter is to be a handbook for providing companionship to the dying person and is to draw our attention not only to the changing priorities of the dying person and to stages, that he is to go through, but to an irreplaceable role of a caregiver at his bed. In a practical part of this work there are investigated the attitudes of the caregivers in hospice and public to the process of dying of the human being. The founded results of the research show, that people finding themselves in a final stage of the life-limiting illness change their priorities; the spiritual needs become more important, especially to attain a peace with self, with other people; clients trusting in God long for consilience with God; the results of the research show however, that most public is not familiar enough with the problem of dying and death, and that there is generally low knowledge on how to provide companionship to the dying person.
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Personality resources of coping with pain: gender differences
Blatný, Marek ; Černý, V. ; Hrdlička, M.
Study is aimed at gender differences in personality resources of coping with chronic pain. The research was done with the sample of patients, which were undergoing treatment of chronic pain (N=150, 50 male an 100 female). Respondents evaluated their capability to influence level of perceived pain on the seven-point rating scale, personality was measured by the means of Eysenck's Personality Inventory and Freiburg Personality Inventory. In male the capability to influence level of perceived pain is connected with low level of impulsive as well as reactive aggression and with low level of excitableness. In female the capability to influence level of perceived pain is related positively to moderateness, openness, and psychoticism and negatively to neuroticism.
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