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Solar Gains in Buildings
Tenora, Tomáš ; Uher, Pavel (referee) ; Rubinová, Olga (advisor)
Master’s thesis deals with solar gains in buildings. The thesis presents an overview of the theoretical knowledge to solve solar gain. The thesis deals possibilities of measuring the intensity of solar radiation and evaluation of data from the meteorological station in the experimental part. Application of topic is then used for polyfunctional building. This part aims to show possibilities of design of air conditioning systems for the purpose of making indoor microclimate and their subsequent evaluation.
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Liquid discharges of 14C in the Czech nuclear power plants and estimation of their radiological impacts
Chvátalová, Barbora ; Kotlík, Josef (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
This thesis deals with the determination of 14C activity in liquid discharges from the Czech nuclear power plants and with the estimation of their radiological impacts on the vicinity of nuclear power plants. This work summarizes the issue of 14C liquid discharges of several nuclear power plants in the world and Czech nuclear power plants are compared to them. The sewage routs of liquid discharges from control tanks to waste water station are described in this thesis for both power plants - Dukovany and Temelín. Measured values of the 14C activity in liquid discharges from nuclear power plants Temelín and Dukovany are presented in this work. The procedure for calculating the exposure of representative persons as a result of liquid discharge of 14C activity is described in this thesis. The resulting values of annual commited effective dose for each age category of representative persons are presented in this work.
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Object shape reconstruction based on the max(t,0)-pulse response
Doležal, Tomáš ; Dědková, Jarmila (referee) ; Štumpf, Martin (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with a spatial imaging of targets using time-domain radar responses on the max(t,0) pulse. The problem is formulated for both perfectly electrically conductive and dielectric objects. The main aim of the thesis includes a code implementation calculating the profile functions of an unknown object from the mentioned time responses and a code for the subsequent reconstruction of an object in the MATLAB environment. A graphical user interface was created for testing purposes. The 3D probability function technique was used for the final reconstruction. The implemented technique achieves interesting results, which are presented in the final part of this thesis.
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Object shape reconstruction based on the max(t,0)-pulse response
Doležal, Tomáš ; Dědková, Jarmila (referee) ; Štumpf, Martin (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with a spatial imaging of targets using time-domain radar responses on the max(t,0) pulse. The problem is formulated for both perfectly electrically conductive and dielectric objects. The main aim of the thesis includes a code implementation calculating the profile functions of an unknown object from the mentioned time responses and a code for the subsequent reconstruction of an object in the MATLAB environment. A graphical user interface was created for testing purposes. The 3D probability function technique was used for the final reconstruction. The implemented technique achieves interesting results, which are presented in the final part of this thesis.
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Effect of the pretransplantation conditioning on the effectiveness of bone marrow transplantation in a mouse model
Renešová, Nicol ; Šefc, Luděk (advisor) ; Průcha, Miroslav (referee)
Hematologic malignancies are among the most often diagnosed forms of cancers. Treatment regimens often utilise various combination of cytostatic drugs and total body irradiation and subsequent transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells. One of the most common combinations includes ionising radiation with the antineoplastic alkylating agent cyclophosphamide. In this study we used congenic Ly5.2 and L5.1 mouse strains that express different isoforms of CD45 antigen to evaluate the effects of various time interval between cyclophosphamide and irradiation treatments on the viability of hematopoietic stem cells and their viability. This was done by competitive repopulation assay. The results revealed that level of engraftment and subsequent reconstitution of hematopoiesis can significantly vary and depend on the time interval between cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation administrations. The results indicate that patients with hematologic malignancies could possibly benefit from the treatment especially if they received transplants after being irradiated five or seven days after cyclophosphamide because at that time point their own stem cells would be least competitive. Key words: bone marrow transplantation, cyclophosphamide, chimerism, hematopoietic stem cells, ionising radiation
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Liquid discharges of 14C in the Czech nuclear power plants and estimation of their radiological impacts
Chvátalová, Barbora ; Kotlík, Josef (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
This thesis deals with the determination of 14C activity in liquid discharges from the Czech nuclear power plants and with the estimation of their radiological impacts on the vicinity of nuclear power plants. This work summarizes the issue of 14C liquid discharges of several nuclear power plants in the world and Czech nuclear power plants are compared to them. The sewage routs of liquid discharges from control tanks to waste water station are described in this thesis for both power plants - Dukovany and Temelín. Measured values of the 14C activity in liquid discharges from nuclear power plants Temelín and Dukovany are presented in this work. The procedure for calculating the exposure of representative persons as a result of liquid discharge of 14C activity is described in this thesis. The resulting values of annual commited effective dose for each age category of representative persons are presented in this work.
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Solar Gains in Buildings
Tenora, Tomáš ; Uher, Pavel (referee) ; Rubinová, Olga (advisor)
Master’s thesis deals with solar gains in buildings. The thesis presents an overview of the theoretical knowledge to solve solar gain. The thesis deals possibilities of measuring the intensity of solar radiation and evaluation of data from the meteorological station in the experimental part. Application of topic is then used for polyfunctional building. This part aims to show possibilities of design of air conditioning systems for the purpose of making indoor microclimate and their subsequent evaluation.
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Measurement of urine absorbance with indicator Mn2+
KONEČNÝ, Jan
Measurement of urine absorbance which has been irradiate by a dose of ionising radiation with addition of Mn2+ should serve to find the dose of radiation. This method could work quickly and reliably for homogeneous irradiation of person or as a rough estimate of the dose which the person received during a radiation accident. This method should serve for quick classification of the person. The target of this thesis is to find out if the irradiated urine with the addition of a solution of manganese chloride will change absorbance according to radiation dose. And if urine can be used as a biological dosimeter. In the theoretical part I describe the basic areas related to the topic and target of my thesis. This part is divided to seven subchapters: ionising radiation, radiation protection, radiotherapy, particle accelerators, spectrophotometry, excretion and urine, and dosimetry and its methods. Methods of this thesis are not clear. I tried different procedures during experiments with different results. First, I always prepared samples of urine in tubes and irradiated it in a linear accelerator Clinac 2100C/D in České Budějovice, a.s. hospital with doses from 1 to 25 Gy. Before each measurement I had two sets of tubes with these doses: 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20 and 25 Gy. The following procedure was different in each experiment. Sometimes I tried adding a solution of manganese chloride to all tubes at once. Sometimes I tried to adding a solution of manganese chloride to each tube separately. I added the solution to irradiated urine at various concentrations of solution (from 1 do 5 mols) and different amounts (from 1 to 3 ml). Another difference was the use of centrifuges. A centrifuge was use in about half of experiments. Other measurements were made without centrifugation.In discussion I propose recommended methods. I recommend measuring only without centrifuges. Each cell should be measured as soon as possible after irradiation and simultaneously as soon as possible after adding the solution of manganese chloride. Results of the thesis are not clear. Only some experiments which were measuring with centrifuge were clear. I can say that this method does not work when a centrifuge is used at any tested concentration of solution of manganese chloride. The absorbance of single doses of ionising radiation does not change and the values were the same when using 1M, 3M and 5M solutions of MnCl2. The resulting graphs from all experiments have a constant absorbance value of all measured doses. (subchapter 3.1).In the remaining experiments measured without the centrifuge the results were much more interesting. In some experiments the measured absorbance really changed with the dose of ionising radiation so the hypothesis of this study was confirmed. But the differences were too small for this method to be used for measuring radiation doses (subchapter 3.2).The results were compared with the results of the thesis ?Measurement of urine extinction in depending on ionising radiation? from author Š. Radová. She performed a similar experiment, but with a different indicator - FeSO4. 7 H20. It was found that the indicator FeSO4. 7 H20 is preferable to measuring doses of ionising radiation in urine. In conclusion I can say that the hypothesis of this study was confirmed, but the method could not be used in practice and irradiated urine with added MnCl2 indicator does not function as a biological dosimeter.
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Ionizing radiation in material testing
VLNA, Zdeněk
It this bachelor thesis deals with the use of ionizing radiation in engineering practice. Analyzes various options for screening, depending on technical parameters and the isotope used. It contains a description of special types of X-ray equipment, X-ray lamp and isotopes used in practice and we can find a detailed procedure for gammamat and X-ray lamp. The protection against ionizing radiation is mentioned at the end and ionizing radiation sensor used in the field are listed.
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