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Změny buněčného složení savčích ovárií
OŠMEROVÁ, Lenka
This study is focused on cellular changes in mammalian ovaries in the course of their life. Factors, that could influence morphology of the ovary, are for example age, species, number of ovulations and the amount of oocytes available for fertilization. This study compares ovarian morphology among rodent species and examines presence of primordial follicles in postnatal life of an individual.
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Creation and analysis of conditional knock-out CDK12 for the study of female reproductive ability
Sedmíková, Veronika ; Šušor, Andrej (advisor) ; Frolíková, Michaela (referee)
Oogenesis is a process with a complex interplay of changes at the genetic, cellular, and structural levels that should lead to the differentiation of female gametes. Strict regulation of these processes is required, as any disruption can lead to fertility problems or disabilities in the offspring. The aim of this work is to gain further insight into the processes that influence oocyte development. This work focuses on cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12), which belongs to the serine/threonine kinase family. It is known for its pleiotropic role in cellular processes such as transcription, translation, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, DNA damage response and maintenance of genome stability. CDK12 forms an active complex with its binding partner Cyclin K and affects the elongation process of transcription by phosphorylating serine-2 at the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II. Previous studies have shown that CDK12 plays a role in blastocyst implantation, deletion of CDK12 in a mouse embryo resulted in embryo lethality, but to my knowledge the function of CDK12 in the oocyte has not been investigated. Our main objective was to create a viable mouse model with conditional knockout of CDK12 using Cre-recombinase expressed under the oocyte specific Zona pellucida-3 promoter to study the...
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Molecular genetic characterization of the rare tumours of the urogenital tract.
Šteiner, Petr ; Vaněček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Španielová, Hana (referee)
The aim of this study was molecular characterization of four types of renal tumours (papillary renal cell carcinoma [PRCC], tubulocystic renal carcinoma [TCRC], pseudorossette forming renal carcinoma [PRRC] and unclassified renal carcinomas [URC]) and two types of rare tumours of the testes (Adult type of granulosa cell tumours [ATGCTs] and Incompletely differentiated sex cord stromal tumours [ISCSTs]). In case of TCRC the activity of signalling pathways involved in angiogenesis was studied. The aim was to determine the suitability of antiangiogenic agents for treatment of TCRC. Next, the methylation profile of 24 tumor suppressor genes was studied in TCRC and PRCC in order to analyze their similarity. Eventual differences could be helpful tool in differential diagnostics. Also, spectrum of chromosomal aberrations was analyzed by array-CGH in one case of PRRC and two cases of URC. Any unique aberration found would be useful in differential diagnostics of these tumors. Last, but not least, the specificity of mutation c.402C>G of FOXL2 gene for ovarian ATGCTs was verified by studying its occurrence in testicular ATGCTs and ISCSTs. Analysis of mRNA levels did not reveal any enhanced activity of the studied signalling pathways. Cluster analysis of methylation profiles showed close relationship between PRCC a...
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Molecular genetic characterization of the rare tumours of the urogenital tract.
Šteiner, Petr ; Vaněček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Španielová, Hana (referee)
The aim of this study was molecular characterization of four types of renal tumours (papillary renal cell carcinoma [PRCC], tubulocystic renal carcinoma [TCRC], pseudorossette forming renal carcinoma [PRRC] and unclassified renal carcinomas [URC]) and two types of rare tumours of the testes (Adult type of granulosa cell tumours [ATGCTs] and Incompletely differentiated sex cord stromal tumours [ISCSTs]). In case of TCRC the activity of signalling pathways involved in angiogenesis was studied. The aim was to determine the suitability of antiangiogenic agents for treatment of TCRC. Next, the methylation profile of 24 tumor suppressor genes was studied in TCRC and PRCC in order to analyze their similarity. Eventual differences could be helpful tool in differential diagnostics. Also, spectrum of chromosomal aberrations was analyzed by array-CGH in one case of PRRC and two cases of URC. Any unique aberration found would be useful in differential diagnostics of these tumors. Last, but not least, the specificity of mutation c.402C>G of FOXL2 gene for ovarian ATGCTs was verified by studying its occurrence in testicular ATGCTs and ISCSTs. Analysis of mRNA levels did not reveal any enhanced activity of the studied signalling pathways. Cluster analysis of methylation profiles showed close relationship between PRCC a...
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