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Assessment health/quality of the soil near the village Bohaté Málkovice
Suchá, Kateřina ; Doležal, Petr (referee) ; Kameníčková, Ivana (advisor)
Diploma thesis evaluates quality and healthiness of the soil health located close to Bohate Malkovice focusing on changes in both physical and chemical characteristics of the soil in time. The theoretical part describes physical, chemical, and biological parameters of the soil. Selected physical parameters are structure, texture, determination of measured weight, bulk density of the soil, porosity, actual volumetric water content of the soil, aeration, saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, infiltration, and colour. Chosen chemical parameters are pH, carbonates, soil electrical conductivity, and humus content. Picked biological parameters are microbial biomass, respiration, nitrogen content, and weed infestation. The practical part analyses selected indicators of quality of the soil from the location of the experiment close to Bohate Malkovice. The area under evaluation has been treated using reduced tillage for long term. The practical part is based on the laboratory examination of disturbed and undisturbed soil samples taken between years 2016 and 2018. Based on outcome results we can evaluate the quality of the soil considering plants growth, development, and soil fertility.
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Obsah organického uhlíku v orniční a podorniční vrstvě půdy v porostech energetických trav
BLÁHA, David
The study aimed to determine the total content of organic carbon in the topsoil and subsoil layer of energy grasses (Dactylis glomerata, Elymus elongatus subsp. ponticus cv. Szarvasi-1, Festuca arundinacea, Phleum pratense). The plant cultures were established on 16 April 2019 at the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. The organic carbon content was evaluated depending on the sampling depth and the fertilization variant. Soil sampling was taken at regular intervals with a pedological sounding rod from three depths (0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm). The samples were adjusted for subsequent analysis on a Primacs SLC Analyzer in the Department of Agroecosystems laboratory. The highest content of total organic carbon was observed at 0-10 cm depth and the lowest at depth of 20-30 cm. Furthermore, a positive effect of fertilization on the total organic carbon content was found.
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Organic carbon content in soils of energy crops
BLÁHA, David
The aim of the study was to determine the total content of organic carbon in the soils planted by selected energy plants (Dactylis glomerata, Elymus elongatus subsp. Ponticus, Festuca arundinacea, Phleum pratense). The plant cultures were established on 16. 4. 2019 at the experimental field of the Faculty of agriculture, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice. The organic carbon content was monitored regularly depending on the depth of sampling and fertilization of variants. The first sampling was carried out before the plant culture establishment. Further samples were taken every 2 months. All of the samples were taken from the depth of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm by pedological sounding rod. Subsequently, the samples were adjusted for the analysis and examined with the SKALÁR instrument in the laboratory at the Department of Agroecosystems. During the measurement, a sharp increase of organic carbon in the sample taken in the spring of 2020 was observed. A higher content of organic carbon was observed in the samples taken from the depth of 0-10 cm, though, statistically not significant. It was further found, that fertilization influences the total content of organic carbon. The fertilized variants showed higher values than unfertilized. The highest amount of total organic carbon was recorded at the Phleum pretense variant. However, the differences between the plants were not statistically significant.
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Dynamics of organic carbon in the ponds ecosystems
TOMKOVÁ, Iva
Ponds ecosystems are the most common type of lentic waterbodies in Czech Republic. In the last century, the quality of ponds water has been greatly influenced by intensive management in the catchment and ponds alone. As a result of the increasing concentration of nutrients, ponds lead to eutrophication. This is expressed as extensive primary production of phytoplankton and algal blooms. Decomposition of the accumulated organic matter affects the oxygen regime, pH and distribution of nutrients in the pond. Organic matter plays a key role in physical, chemical and biological processes in the ecosystem. The aim of the work was to describe the dynamics of organic carbon in the eutrophic ponds ecosystem with emphasis on its dissolved part (DOC). This study included evaluation of DOC concentration from 6 pond systems in the Třeboň region from 2010 to 2011 and a comparison with DOC concentrations from 2020. The relationship of DOC concentration to other chemical parameters of water was evaluated. It found that DOC concentration had no significant correlation with other parameters. The concentration of nutrients TN and TP had decreased over the last 10 years, while DOC concentration had increased. More detailed data from 5 ponds from 2008 to 2011 were evaluated in the same way. Optical methods such as absorbance and fluorescence were used to describe DOC dynamics. These methods were used to monitor 10 ponds from Třeboň and České Budějovice regions in 2017?2018. Data were compared between these regions because they differed in conductivity, but it had no differences in DOC concentration and other chemical parameters. The average value of DOC concentration was 14,8 mg l-1. The absorption characteristics of DOM such as spectral slope S275-295 and slope ratio SR suggested an autochthonous source of DOM. Specific absorbance values at 254 nm SUVA254 ranged from 1,4?3,0 l mgC-1 m-1 and indicates autochthonous substances with lower molecular weight and lower content of aromatics. SUVA254 values were higher in the Třeboň region, which indicates that there was a more allochthonous DOM with higher molecular weight and more aromatics in DOM in contrast to the České Budějovice region. Evaluation of seasonal changes in the composition of DOM using optical methods revealed that in the summer there were more autochthonous substances with lower molecular weight and lower aromatics DOM. SR values were negatively correlated to molecular weight and were higher in summer. FI and BIX values indicating autochthonous and microbial source DOM increased in summer. Optical methods were used for the first time to monitor the dynamics of organic matter in ponds.
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Assessment health/quality of the soil near the village Bohaté Málkovice
Suchá, Kateřina ; Doležal, Petr (referee) ; Kameníčková, Ivana (advisor)
Diploma thesis evaluates quality and healthiness of the soil health located close to Bohate Malkovice focusing on changes in both physical and chemical characteristics of the soil in time. The theoretical part describes physical, chemical, and biological parameters of the soil. Selected physical parameters are structure, texture, determination of measured weight, bulk density of the soil, porosity, actual volumetric water content of the soil, aeration, saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, infiltration, and colour. Chosen chemical parameters are pH, carbonates, soil electrical conductivity, and humus content. Picked biological parameters are microbial biomass, respiration, nitrogen content, and weed infestation. The practical part analyses selected indicators of quality of the soil from the location of the experiment close to Bohate Malkovice. The area under evaluation has been treated using reduced tillage for long term. The practical part is based on the laboratory examination of disturbed and undisturbed soil samples taken between years 2016 and 2018. Based on outcome results we can evaluate the quality of the soil considering plants growth, development, and soil fertility.
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Seasonal, weekly and diurnal variability of elemental and organic carbon at a rural background site in Central Europe, a four years of measurement
Mbengue, Saliou ; Fusek, M. ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Vodička, Petr ; Holubová, Adéla ; Holoubek, Ivan
Atmospheric organic (OC) and elemental (EC) carbon play an important role in\natmospheric chemistry, climate change and public health. There have been relatively\nfew studies dealing with EC and OC in rural background sites which are less influenced\nby urban and industrial emissions. Nevertheless, measurements at background areas are\nimportant for understanding the transport and transformation characteristics of\nanthropogenic air pollutants, and their effects on various aspects of regional and global\nenvironment changes. This work is one of the rare studies using a semi-continuous\nmeasurement technique to focus on long-term (4 years) measurements of EC and OC at\nregional background site in Europe. It focuses on the factors or phenomena influencing\nboth diurnal and weekly variability of EC and OC concentrations during various seasons\nat rural background area.
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Concentration of organic carbon in mountain and submountain watercourses
Špringerová, Pavla ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Havlíková, Petra (referee)
Bachelor thesis in its theoretical part is focused on the literature study of changes in concentrations of organic carbon in surface waters. The important part is finding the causes and consequences of these changes that could have a big impact on the entire global ecosystems. Uniform mechanisms controlling the process of increasing the concentration of organic carbon is not clearly defined yet, and therefore in the prediction of future consequences there exist disagreements. The practical part is devoted to research in experimental basins of the Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology (KFGG) of Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague in the Otava river basin (central part of Šumava and upper basin of Blanice). The research was based on field survey of the area, water sampling and measurements of basic physical-chemical parameters. Samples of water, taken in several campaigns, were then analyzed in laboratory for determination of organic carbon in each sampling profiles. Simultaneously the preparation and processing of other data of KFGG from experimental basins took a place, focusing especially on rainfall-runoff process. This data has been linked to the measured values of organic carbon. Research results show a strong dependence of organic carbon concentration on precipitations...
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