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Measurement and evaluation of exploitation and qualitative indicators of ploughing on the specific land
EIBL, Jiří
This diploma thesis focuses on the history of plough production, on the description and using the plough for basic typical soil tillage. Mechanical soil cultivation, that makes the soil loosed, divides, turns and mixes ploughed materials with soil. This process is called ploughing. Stubble-tillage and ploughing is the aim of this thesis, it was done on the determined land with the semi-mounted plough (five- and two- blade insert), and with the full-mounted plough (front part UPS, five- and two- blade insert). There were compared current exploitation and qualitative indicators during the working with the plough in comparable conditions.
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Porovnání orebného a bezorebného zpracování půdy
BARTOŠ, Jiří
The bachelor's thesis deals with the most commonly used tillage technologies today and the impact on soil compaction. It also focuses on measures against unwanted compaction and its subsequent removal. Describes basic work operations such as plowing and loosening the soil. The bachelor's thesis describes the principle on which plowing works, basic types and distribution of plows, possible equipment of plows and according to which plowing can be divided. Furthermore, the methods of plowing, on different types of land, under conditions. Last but not least, the advantages and disadvantages of the most common tillage are listed here. Furthermore, the loosening technology, the machines with which the soil can be worked and the advantages and disadvantages of the tillage technology without plowing bring here. The experiment performed for the purpose of the bachelor's thesis is focused on the comparison of plowing and no-till technology of soil processing from an economic point of view and within the possibilities of verifying the impact on soil condition, stand condition, harvest and environment.
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Effect of different soil preparation on yield parameters of winter oilseed rape
TOMÁŠEK, Václav
This thesis deals with the issue of growing oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) with using various technology of tillage. It is divided into two main parts. The first part includes literary overview witch deals with basic information about oilseed rape ant than with overview about technology of tillage. The main part of thesis is evaluation result of two years small-plot experiment from 2017/2018 and 2018/2019. This experiment was founded on the lands of Agricultural Farm VETO s. r. o. in the village Veselíčko near the city Písek. To the experiment was integrate four varieties. It was Mazari CS, Atora, PT234 and PX113. Each variety was sown in three kinf od variants of tillage. Variant with shallow tilage, variant with plowing and variant with deep tillage. All sown variant were repeated in four times. In the experiment was monitored influence of tillage to rapeseed yield, and also some yield elements like weight of thousand seeds, percentage of oil, number of fplants per square meter and number of pods per plant and root neck thickness. Higher yields were achived in 2018 when the average yield of all lands was 5,63 t/ha which in 2019 dropped to 3,80 t/ha. Influence of tillage on seed yield was worse in 2019 because this year had less precipitation. In this year was the best option with deep tillage. In conclusion, we can say deep tillage has positive effect, especially in drier years.
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Porovnání orebného a bezorebného zpracování půdy na základě ekonomických ukazatelů
ALEXA, Jaroslav
This work focuses on the comparison of plowing and without plowing tillage technology based on economic indicators. In particular, the times of individual work operations, costs of staff, and fuel were compared. In order to collect data, a field experiment was performed on two adjacent plots using different tillage methods. The values obtained from the individual plots were compared with each other.
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Comparison of plowing and no-till tillage
DOLEJŠÍ, Přemysl
This final thesis deals with the comparison of plowing and non-plowing soil tillage. It is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes soil properties and importance of soil cultivation. Following is a presentation and description of selected technologies of soil cultivation. The practical part presents the measurement results. It was investigated whether this or that technology was more cost-effective and how different processing would affect soil compaction. The results are presented for the sake of clarity through tables and graphs.
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The fundamentals considerate of the soil cultivation and land improvement at the ecological technique farming (with specification at the marginal area Šumava)
VIKTORA, Lukáš
The principal aim at this bachelor work is the strike a balance farm{\crq}s conversion from ecological to conventional farming from the aspect land improvement and economize. The first part of the bachelor work is dedicated to the problems of soil cultivation in the two types of farming. There are underline the main piece of knowledge in terms of rotation of crops, the forms of soil cultivation, the fertilization and the others subjects, which equate to conveniences and disavantages bio-farm opozit the classic. In the practical part there is take the progress of farm SHR Victora, which is in the beginning ecological farming applied mainly because of reversion. After the farm was compelled changed your status and use the classical way because of competitive advantage. At the soil cultivation and in the rotation of crops the farm kept the ideas of ecological farming. At the and of the work there is the resume of the results and thera are suggestion the acqusition for conversion to integrated farming.
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Vegetation succession on fallows in Podyjí National Park - small-area management of abandoned sites
Entová, Martina ; Fabšičová, Martina (advisor) ; Karlík, Petr (referee)
The main aim of the thesis was to describe the succession of several abandoned fields under ploughing and discuss ploughing as a possible management for establishing and maintaining species-rich communities of fallows. Actual vegetation, its development over time and soil seed bank were studied. Experimental small-area ploughing was established at five abandoned fields in the southeastern part of the Podyjí National Park. Three strips with different types of management were founded: A) strip ploughed each year, B) strip ploughed once at the beginning of the experiment, C) control meadow without intervention. Vegetation development was evaluated through a series of relèves recorded during the years 2009-2012. The species composition of the seed bank was described using the seedling-emergence method and subsequent elutriation of soil samples. Similarity indexes, Longevity index (LI) and concept of RCS strategies were used. The vegetation of each-year plowed sites (A) consisted mostly of annual weeds and ruderal species with R-strategy and high LI. Grassland vegetation (C) consisted mostly of grasses and perennial herbs with C-strategy and lower LI. The vegetation of older fallows (B) was at first most similar to one-year fallow (A), but during the 4 years of succession has moved closer to the meadow...
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Cereal in the medieval culture of the Czech lands
Freiová, Kristýna ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hubáček, Ondřej (referee)
Agriculture makes its first appearance in human history about 12 000 - 5 000 years ago. Around that time, people took to a sedentary way of life so they could primarily till the land and grow the grains which they had come to know in their wild varieties. This new way of life gradually changed the social and cultural order. A return to primeval living was not impossible, though. Before the Slavs arrived on the territory of what is today Moravia and Bohemia, various Indo-European tribes had already pursued agriculture in our part of the world, chief among them the Celts and the Germans. The Slavs, which came from the eastern part of Europe, probably in the second half of the 6th century, built upon the farming of these erstwhile peoples. After the rise and fall of proto-states, for which evidence has survived only in the case of Great Moravia, an early Bohemian state took hold. In the local culture, grain played an indispensable role. Farming was the main livelihood of the entire populace. Crops of choice at the time were millet, einkorn, and emmer wheat, which gradually gave way to common wheat and barley. The land was tilled with wooden hoes which merely cut furrows in the soil. The grain, which was harvested using sickles, was stored in pits in the ground. To improve digestibility of the grain...
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Faktory ovlivňující energetické a výkonnostní parametry souprav na zpracování půdy
Sklenář, Adam
The thesis titled Factors influencing the energy and performance parameters of machine lines for soil cultivation in the theoretical part contains a research about current situation in the construction tractors. The research focuses on the structurally most important parts of tractors (motors and gearboxes) and further discusses the selected components. In the practical part there is described a measurement under field conditions with selected machine line for soil cultivation. Field measurement were carried out on the estates of Cooperative Farm Hodíškov, ploughing machine line consisted of Case Puma 210 tractor with a Lemken Diamant plough. During the measurements tractor was working in two modes of engine load (from 1700 to 1900 rpm and from 1900 to 2100 rpm), the energy and performance parameters were examined for each measurement. The lowest fuel consumption and highest efficiency was achieved while working in the economic speed range from 1700 to 1900 rpm.
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Uplatnění technologií diferencovaného zpracování půdy při pěstování kukuřice
Mytyska, Václav
The theoretical section of this thesis addresses corn characteristics and growing. Subsequently, it describes particular tillage technologies dividing them into conventional mouldboard ploughing technology, minimum tillage and introduces strip-till technology as a separate chapter. The major part describes the founding and evaluation of a 2016 field trial for study of different tillage technologies in terms of impact on silage corn growth quality, yield and physical characteristics of soil. The trial was based on five different technologies in two terms - strip tillage, ploughing and minimum tillage with two distinct tools at three depths. For trial evaluation, following parameters were observed: plant count, weight and height, dry matter content and yield and soil penetrometer resistance. The trial outcomes are commented and compared with trial results of other authors.
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