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Ventilation of a storey in a hospital building
Křenek, Ondřej ; Štětina, Josef (referee) ; Charvát, Pavel (advisor)
The diploma thesis is focused on the design of air-conditioning systems for two operating theatres and their auxiliary facilities. An introduction to ventilation of clean rooms and other indoor environments with special requirements on environmental conditions and air cleanliness is given at the beginning of the thesis. The thesis contains calculations and proposed design solution of the air-conditioning systems. The calculations include determination of the air flow rates of air supplied into the ventilated spaces, heating and cooling loads of the operation theatres, the psychometric calculations for summer and winter operational conditions and sizing of equipment, piping and ductworks. The design part also includes air distribution elements, pipeline and ductwork routing and packaged air-handling units. The complete drawing documentation is also included in the thesis.
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Received dose analysis of the Hospital Třebíč, p.o. staff during the radiodiagnostic examinations
ŠOTKOVSKÝ, Aleš
The discovery of X-rays, made by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen in 1895, was a major turning point not only in medical diagnostics but also in medical science as a whole. The discovery gave rise to a new field of medicine - radiodiagnostics. The field of radiodiagnostics has seen a rapid development, mainly since 1970s. Today, radiodiagnostic imaging methods have an indispensable place in medicine and no medical facility can possibly work without them. With the current fast development in the field of radiodiagnostics, both the extent of X-ray examinations available to patients and the number of patients examined by X-rays have multiplied. Unfortunately, this brings along a higher risk of exposing medical staff to ionizing radiation effects and associated undesirable consequences. To keep the risk at the minimum level and at the same time maintain the number and quality of examinations performed, it is necessary to strictly obey the principles of radiation protection at facilities with sources of ionizing radiation. I addition, regular inspections must be done to check if these principles are obeyed in reality. That is why the doses of ionizing radiation received by staff working at such facilities are monitored and regularly assessed. The objective of this thesis is to analyse the doses received by staff working with sources of ionizing radiation at Třebíč Hospital during the past ten years, when the hospital saw a significant increase in patients examined by radiodiagnostic imaging methods. The thesis is divided into two parts - a theoretical section and a practical section. The theoretical section is based on both domestic and foreign literature. It describes the X-ray radiation itself, its origin, properties, effects and possible use. The theoretical section also explores ways to detect the radiation and the effects it has on living cells. There is a special focus on the protection from ionizing radiation, including the relevant legislation related to this subject and the individual principles of protection. The final chapter deals with dosimetry and thus relates to the research conducted in the practical section. The practical section is based on research. The objective of the research was to analyse the values of effective doses and equivalent doses measured in staff working at the Department of Radiodiagnostics and the central operation theatres in Třebíč Hospital from 2011 to 2021. The research sample included 51 staff members working at those departments for the whole ten-year-long period. The participants were divided into categories according to their departments and their job titles. During the period all staff members were monitored by personal film dosimeters produced by VF, a.s. company. The research was based on the data measured during the period in question.
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The development of job descriptions theatre nurses across half a century
Kalašová, Veronika ; Prošková, Eva (advisor) ; Kordulová, Pavla (referee)
Bachelor thesis is focused on the history of the profession operating nurses, from 1953 to the present, primarily on the development and changes in workload of operating nurses at this time period and educational possibilities. The theoretical part explains the basic concepts of the theme, such as perioperative care, job descriptions of the staff in the operating theatre, operating theatre equipments et cetera. The thesis is focused on the differences development in the workload and competencies of the operating nurses throughout the entire period, and the increasing need to understand the technical equipment in the operating theatre and its operation. The aim of this thesis is to map the development in the education and legal regulation for the operating nurses. The second objective is to determine the differences in the character of the operating nurses' work nowadays and 50 years ago. Bachelor's thesis is theoretical and practical nature. To meet the goals and answer research questions was chosen the form of qualitative research, studying of archival documents and the period literature, which has been within the options complemented with structured interviews with witnesses (nurses, even. doctors, and other health care professionals). Keywords: perioperative care, operating rooms, theatre nurse,...
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The development of job descriptions theatre nurses across half a century
Kalašová, Veronika ; Prošková, Eva (advisor) ; Kordulová, Pavla (referee)
Bachelor thesis is focused on the history of the profession operating nurses, from 1953 to the present, primarily on the development and changes in workload of operating nurses at this time period and educational possibilities. The theoretical part explains the basic concepts of the theme, such as perioperative care, job descriptions of the staff in the operating theatre, operating theatre equipments et cetera. The thesis is focused on the differences development in the workload and competencies of the operating nurses throughout the entire period, and the increasing need to understand the technical equipment in the operating theatre and its operation. The aim of this thesis is to map the development in the education and legal regulation for the operating nurses. The second objective is to determine the differences in the character of the operating nurses' work nowadays and 50 years ago. Bachelor's thesis is theoretical and practical nature. To meet the goals and answer research questions was chosen the form of qualitative research, studying of archival documents and the period literature, which has been within the options complemented with structured interviews with witnesses (nurses, even. doctors, and other health care professionals). Keywords: perioperative care, operating rooms, theatre nurse,...
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Ventilation of a storey in a hospital building
Křenek, Ondřej ; Štětina, Josef (referee) ; Charvát, Pavel (advisor)
The diploma thesis is focused on the design of air-conditioning systems for two operating theatres and their auxiliary facilities. An introduction to ventilation of clean rooms and other indoor environments with special requirements on environmental conditions and air cleanliness is given at the beginning of the thesis. The thesis contains calculations and proposed design solution of the air-conditioning systems. The calculations include determination of the air flow rates of air supplied into the ventilated spaces, heating and cooling loads of the operation theatres, the psychometric calculations for summer and winter operational conditions and sizing of equipment, piping and ductworks. The design part also includes air distribution elements, pipeline and ductwork routing and packaged air-handling units. The complete drawing documentation is also included in the thesis.
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Prevention of error in operating room
VRÁTNÁ, Martina
The topic of this study is Error Prevention in the Operating Room. The risk of errors is one of the most serious and most common risks in the clinical area. This risk is an especially serious issue mainly because it undermines the confidence of patients and the public toward medical personnel and a medical facility. It is also the opposite to the primary objective not to harm. Preventing errors is better than using the best method to respond to those faults. To preventing errors a risk management program is used, the purpose of which is to reduce the incidence of adverse situations. Such a program of risk management by J.Reason is barriers that protect patients form harm. As these protective barriers serve the following: risk management, safety culture, standards, organizational culture, knowledge-based nurse, ISO (error prevention strategies) and accreditation. In the bachelor thesis I focus on preventing errors of nurses working in operation rooms. Their duties are defined in the legislation, but also in ethical standards. The quality of nursing care can be ensured only on condition of creating a certain system for care provision improvement. Such a system must include: setting clear goals, definition of the required quality, nursing standards development, development of a system of standards compliance checking, organizational and personal factors provision, determination of methods for the obtained effect assessment. The objective of this thesis was to identify how nurses in perioperative and intensive care are oriented in procedures preventing errors in the operating room. Another objective was to determine how patients feel in the operating room and how they perceive the preoperative preparation. I chose this topic for my thesis because it is very interesting and, in my opinion, also up to date. The proof of this is establishing the hospital accreditation system and the WHO´s involvement in this issue, which has contributed to the prevention of errors in the operating room by their document named Surgical Safety Checklist. The results should point to possible gaps in the prevention of errors of nurses in operating rooms. They should show the feelings of patients during the preoperative preparation and in the operating room and to which extent their feelings can be affected by professional attitudes of medical staff.
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