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Mother's awareness of the prevention of sudden infant death syndrome
Suchomelová, Barbora ; Průšová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
The bachelor thesis entitled "Mothers' awareness of prevention of sudden infant death syndrome", deals, as the title of the thesis implies, with mothers' awareness of risk and protective factors of sudden infant death syndrome. The aim of the thesis is to find out whether and to what extent mothers are informed of these factors. The thesis consists of a theoretical and an empirical part. The theoretical part is focused on the basic knowledge about SIDS, the emphasis is put on risk and protective factors of SIDS, which are key in this issue. It is also focused on the issue of losing a child to SIDS and the process of coping with this loss. In the empirical part of the thesis are evaluated the results of a questionnaire survey aimed at obtaining information about the knowledge of respondents on the topic of safe sleep of newborns and infants. The term SIDS was deliberately omitted from the questionnaire survey in order not to influence respondents' answers. The aim was for respondents to answer the questions as they would actually practice the phenomena being questioned and not as they thought the answers were correct. The data and information obtained from the questionnaire survey are primarily intended to serve nurses working with newborns to determine whether mothers are sufficiently informed...
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The role of the pediatric nurse in the realization of newborn screening
KUBÍKOVÁ, Michaela
This bachelor thesis examines the role of a pediatric nurse in providing newborn screening, focusing on the educational process of mothers, their involvement during the screening process, and the challenges they encounter. The aim is to describe the range of nursing activities involved in providing newborn screening. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part provides detailed descriptions of population-wide screening examinations. Specifically, it covers screening for congenital syphilis from umbilical cord blood, laboratory screening for 20 diseases, screening for cataracts, congenital deafness, and developmental dysplasia of the hips. In subsequent chapters, I focus on the competencies of pediatric nurses and their role in providing newborn screening. The practical part includes methodology, research findings, and discussion. The data collection utilized a semi-structured interview method. The research sample consisted of pediatric nurses working in the physiological newborn unit and intermediate care station at the neonatology department of the Hospital České Budějovice a.s. and at the pediatric department of the Regional Hospital Jihlava. During the interviews, I asked a series of questions to nurses to ascertain their familiarity with newborn screening issues. Based on the establishment of one goal, three research questions were formulated. The first question addresses the extent of parental education currently provided by pediatric nurses. The research indicates that the majority of nurses have a comprehensive understanding in this area and are able to convey the required information to parents. The second question examines nurses' opinions on parental involvement in newborn screening implementation. The research demonstrates that nurses actively encourage parents' presence during procedures. The third question focuses on the challenges that pediatric nurses may most commonly encounter in providing newborn screening. To a small extent, there is a possible underestimation of procedural pain management by parents during procedures. However, the research does not reveal any significant issues in providing newborn screening.
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Design of Infant Incubator
Brávková, Markéta ; Tvarůžek, Martin (referee) ; Křenek, Ladislav (advisor)
The topic of this master’s thesis is design of infant incubator. The thesis concerns own design of infant incubator that meet the basic technical, ergonomical and social requirements and also brings a new look and shape as solution to the main topic. The infant incubator is designed in regard to modern materials and technologies.
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Gastric tube nursing care at the newborns
Ziková, Tereza ; Průšová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the challenges of nursing care for gastric tubes in newborns hospitalized in perinatal centers. The theoretical part of this work provides an extensive overview of gastric enteral tubes, as well as indications and techniques for tube insertion in neonates. The aim of the practical part is to map nursing care and the techniques used when introducing and checking the position of gastric tubes. The research method of choice was a quantitative questionnaire survey a custom questionnaire. The survey was carried out in six perinatal centers out of total of twelve centers in the Czech Republic. These workplaces are: Institute for the care of mother and child, department of gynecology and obstetrics of the 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Hospital České Budějovice, a.s., Krajská zdravotní, a.s.- Hospital Most o.z., Motol University Hospital, Krajská zdravotní, a.s.- Masaryk Hospital in Ústí nad Labem. Overall 156 questionnaires were analyzed out of a total of 270 distributed, so the return was 58%. From results of our own research that the procedures for inserting and checking the position of the gastric enteral tube in neonatal departments are not uniform. Finally, it should be mentioned that the research confirms the...
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Nursing care for newborns with oxygen therapy
Dubská, Aneta ; Průšová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Sedlářová, Petra (referee)
The present thesis focuses on the nursing care of newborns with oxygenotherapy and its specifics. Furthermore, the thesis includes a review analysis of the respondents' knowledge related to oxygenotherapy in newborns. This thesis consists of two main parts, theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the principles of oxygen administration, methods of administration, the most common conditions requiring oxygen therapy and its complications. The basic knowledge in neonatology is often crucial for obtaining this information, which is highlighted in this thesis. Also, basic nursing care of neonates with oxygen therapy is briefly characterized. The aim of the empirical part of the thesis is to compare the obtained knowledge analysis of the nurses of the selected specialist units, namely the neonatal unit and the delivery room. The research method of the empirical part of this thesis was a quantitative research survey, focused on the knowledge of paediatric nurses, midwives and nurses of other job classifications working in neonatal wards or delivery rooms. The 21-item questionnaire was designed for this thesis only and was administered anonymously. The results of the survey showed that the knowledge of paediatric nurses and midwives in caring for neonates with oxygen therapy...
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Awareness of mothers in the care of physiological newborn
Drmelová, Anna ; Nikodemová, Hana (advisor) ; Hromádková, Jaroslava (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of care of the physiological newborn and the awareness of women (mothers) in the different areas of care. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the basic nursing interventions and steps in the care of the newborn from its arrival into the world, through the subsequent stay in the neonatal unit to its discharge to home care. In the introduction, basic concepts and definitions in the field of obstetrics and neonatology are defined. Attention is paid to the specific care of the newborn in the early postpartum period, the importance and significance of mutual cooperation between parents and medical staff during the hospital stay and all the necessary points of parental education after childbirth. The empirical part of the thesis presents results of my own investigation, data processing and comparison of my own results with results of previously conducted studies. The aim of the work was to find out to what extent mothers are informed about the course of hospitalization in the neonatal unit, about the course of independent nursing care of the newborn in the early postpartum period and how much information and experience they have in the overall care of the newborn. The survey also includes research questions to determine the individual level of...
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The study of mitochondrial energy-metabolism maturation
Křížová, Jana ; Hansíková, Hana (advisor) ; Pecina, Petr (referee) ; Rauchová, Hana (referee)
During intrauterine development in mammals, the fetus is exposed to a hypoxic environment. To allow proper postnatal adaptation to external conditions, a rapid transition from glycolytic to oxidative metabolism by mitochondria is required in fetal tissues after birth. Mitochondrial maturation is a complex process that is not only transcriptionally regulated. Using techniques such as microarray analysis, quantitative PCR, measurement of enzyme activities or coenzyme Q (CoQ) levels, we have described the acceleration of mitochondrial metabolism in rat liver tissue and skeletal muscle during the perinatal period and correlated the results with those in humans. Of the 1546 rat mitochondrial genes tested, we found statistically significant differences in the expression of 1119 in liver and 827 in muscle. The most significant shift in expression occurred in the rat liver between 20th and 22nd day of gestation, suggesting that the rat fetus is ready for the transition to external conditions at least 2 days before birth. Changes in CoQ levels in both rats and humans show that the amount of CoQ is low inthe prenatal period and increases after birth in both tissues. We have described the atypical kinase Coq8ap as an enzyme whose expression increases significantly after birth. It was previously predicted to...
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Ensuring comfort and safety for newborns and infants
JELÍNKOVÁ, Karolína
The bachelor thesis focuses on a specific issue concerning comfort and safety establishment for newborns and infants. Comfort and safety is the key component of newborn and infant care. This bachelor thesis focuses on paediatric nurses´ and mothers´ perspective on the comfort and the safety ensurement of the newborn and the infant, furthermore focuses on the education of mothers provided in this field by the paediatric nurse and on the way by which comfort and safety of the newborn and the infant is ensured by the mother in the home environment. Four objectives were set in the bachelor thesis. The first objective was to describe the perspective of pediatric nurses on ensuring comfort and safety in newborns and infants. The second objective was to determine the way how to educate mothers in the field of providing comfort and safety to newborns and infants. The third objective was to describe the mothers' perspective on ensuring comfort and safety of newborns and infants and the last objective chosen was to find out the method of ensuring comfort and safety of newborns and infants by mothers in the home environment. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis defines the concepts of the neonatal and the infant period, and follows up basic human needs, particularly the need of security and safety and the need of love and together belonging. The theoretical part also describes possibilities of comfort and safety ensurement of newborns and infants, such as skin to skin contact, bonding, newborn bathing including skin care, proper handling, safe sleep, and finally the use of baby massage, aromatherapy and swaddling. The research part of the thesis was based on qualitative survey, using an interview method. The data collection was done using in-depth interview technique with pediatric nurses and mothers of newborns and infants. Data analysis was done using pencil paper method. Subsequently, categories of in-depth interviews were created separately for paediatric nurses and mothers. Five categories were created for the baby nurses: Providing the Need for Security and Safety from the Baby Nurses' Perspective, The way of the Baby Nurse Education Conduct, Content of the Education, Use of Alternative Methods in the Child Care from the Baby Nurses' Perspective and Preparation for the Child Care. For mothers, five categories were also created, which include: Providing the Need of Security and Safety from the Mothers' Perspective, The Education, The Sleep, Use of Alternative Methods in the Child Care from the Mothers' Perspective, and The Layette Set. Corresponding sub-categories were then created for the categories. The research revealed that paediatric nurses just as mothers had the same perspective on providing comfort and security for the newborn and infant. They agreed that it is necessary that mother and baby are to be in constant contact, including cuddling, caressing and talking to the baby, generally speaking to be the loving mother. The research survey also showed us that mothers are not sufficiently educated in the area of handling the newborn and infant and in safe sleeping. Based on the results of the research, two educational leaflets were developed containing the principles of proper handling and safe sleep for newborn and infant.
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Manipulace a handling novorozence pro správný psychomotorický vývoj
HYŠKOVÁ, Anna
This bachelor thesis deals with how to handle and hold a newborn to ensure the baby's proper psychomotor development. It addresses the influence of the way of handling and holding a newborn on the baby's development and how parents should handle and hold their newborn properly. It explores the most frequent mistakes parents make when handling and holding a newborn. The theoretical part defines the term "newborn" and their "psychomotor development". It includes a description of general handling and holding guidelines, including proper and improper methods. Handling with equipment is also covered in this section. The practical part consists of a semi-structured interview and practical training and includes an assessment of the parents' performance. The research sample included 17 parents and 12 newborns. The parents were trained in how to correctly hold their baby, focusing on the smoothness, quality and safety of holding. Handling and holding included: lifting and lowering a newborn, position for burping, carrying on the side and up curled up in a ball, the "tiger in the tree" position and curled-up position, prone position, sleeping position and method of changing the diaper. During the final inspection after 5 to 8 weeks the trained methods were evaluated, and the development of the baby's predilection head posture was assessed. The thesis highlights the most common mistakes parents make when handling and holding a newborn. It can therefore be used to eliminate the mistakes both by the public, mainly parents, and by professionals, e.g. by prenatal course instructors. The thesis can also be used as a basis for a more detailed study on the topic and for compiling more extensive training materials for prenatal course education.
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Influence of the war in Ukraine on delivery and postpartum adaptation of newborn babies of Ukrainian refugees
Jelínková, Johana ; Buslenko, Iuliia (advisor) ; Perebyinis, Daryna (referee)
This bachelor thesis is studying the influence of the war in Ukraine on the delivery and postpartum adaptation of newborn babies of Ukrainian refugees. Analysed factors are ways of giving birth, blood loss, perineal tears, and the Apgar score of newborn babies. This thesis is further divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part is dedicated to the anatomy of women`s pelvis, perineal muscles, physiological delivery, operative vaginal birth, caesarean section, newborn adaptation, transcultural nursing, and the war in Ukraine. The practical part is made as a research survey for which analytical collecting of data was used. The data used in the practical part is taken from NIS MEDEA at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Apolinářská 18, Prague 2. Given data was further processed into tables and charts. Key words: Refugee, caesarean section, newborn, operative vaginal birth, delivery, perineal tears
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