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Optimization of sight triangles of ČSN 73 6110
Kejvalová, Lucie ; Jakl, Tomáš (referee) ; Radimský, Michal (advisor)
The main focus of the Master thesis is the analysis of design parameters for observation triangles of vehicles, pedestrian and cyclists of the ČSN 73 6110 standard. The thesis consists of two main chapters, which are Problem analysis and Major analysis. The first chapter sheds light on some of the most commonly used technical terms on issues related to this work. The second chapter presents evaluation and possible adjustments and optimizations that can result to improved observation conditions in selected areas. The conclusion summarizes the knowledge achieved during processing the thesis.
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Analysis of design variables of prestressed concrete structures using optimization algorithms
Dlouhý, Lukáš ; Navrátil, Jaroslav (advisor)
During recent years more and more emphasis has been put on saving and ecological aspects of the civil engineering industry. As the total volume of concrete being produced on our planet is immense (ca 1010 tons per year), the possibility of decreasing it by even a small percentage can bring large savings in material costs, transport and other costs and reduction of CO2 production and other pollution. Therefore, optimal analysis of design variables of concrete structures appears to be of high importance. Optimization is finding the best solution to a given problem. Many disciplines define different optimization problems and it is typically the minimum or maximum value of the objective function that is searched. It is known that mathematical procedures and algorithms to find an optimal structural design are used in practice in mechanical engineering, but the use of these tools in civil engineering is rather exceptional. Generally, scientific works deal with the optimal design of structures only. Finding of an optimal shape and dimensions is usually a question of the engineer’s experience and good “guess”, which is then verified by calculation. There are many reasons explaining why optimization in common practise is used only occasionally. One of them is the absence of proper user friendly software tools which could help within relatively short time available for structural design. Another reason is the complexity of optimization tasks as well as a lot of constraints in civil engineering design codes. Last but not least, the change of design variables of buildings, bridges and structures of special types do not express regular response. This issue is discussed in the submitted work.
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Alternative wastewater disposal systems
Žagan, Marek ; Balasová, Kateřina (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to identify alternative options for wastewater disposal in a decentralized system. The introductory part of the work presents wastewater, its composition, pollution indicators and subsequent distribution. The main part introduces alternative, classic and special types of toilets, the method of their transport, wastewater disposal and particularly their main advantages and disadvantages in frequent use. The conclusion of the theoretical part deals with the parameters of wastewater and proposed general parameters of alternative and conventional toilet systems. The second part of the bachelor's thesis applies and suggests one of the alternative toilet systems in the form of a composting toilet for a selected recreational facility in Bělá, part of the village of Mírová pod Kozákovem.
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Analysis of Sight Conditions at Pedestrian Crossings
Kejvalová, Lucie ; Kobzová, Hana
The main focus of the paper is the analysis of design parameters for sight distance at pedestrian crossings. The current Czech standards are beginning to be unsatisfactory due to the growing requirements for ensuring the safety and protection of road users, reducing the time required for transport, and the massive development of transport. The valid Czech standard ČSN 73 6110 contains requirements for visibility conditions at the pedestrian crossing, which are confusing about their ambiguity, informative value, or impracticability. The article is focused on the description and evaluation of the current state of sight distance at pedestrian crossings and on pointing out the redundancy and duplication of information in the standard, the removal of which would contribute to its clarity.
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Alternative wastewater disposal systems
Žagan, Marek ; Balasová, Kateřina (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to identify alternative options for wastewater disposal in a decentralized system. The introductory part of the work presents wastewater, its composition, pollution indicators and subsequent distribution. The main part introduces alternative, classic and special types of toilets, the method of their transport, wastewater disposal and particularly their main advantages and disadvantages in frequent use. The conclusion of the theoretical part deals with the parameters of wastewater and proposed general parameters of alternative and conventional toilet systems. The second part of the bachelor's thesis applies and suggests one of the alternative toilet systems in the form of a composting toilet for a selected recreational facility in Bělá, part of the village of Mírová pod Kozákovem.
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Optimization of sight triangles of ČSN 73 6110
Kejvalová, Lucie ; Jakl, Tomáš (referee) ; Radimský, Michal (advisor)
The main focus of the Master thesis is the analysis of design parameters for observation triangles of vehicles, pedestrian and cyclists of the ČSN 73 6110 standard. The thesis consists of two main chapters, which are Problem analysis and Major analysis. The first chapter sheds light on some of the most commonly used technical terms on issues related to this work. The second chapter presents evaluation and possible adjustments and optimizations that can result to improved observation conditions in selected areas. The conclusion summarizes the knowledge achieved during processing the thesis.
|
|
|
Analysis of design variables of prestressed concrete structures using optimization algorithms
Dlouhý, Lukáš ; Navrátil, Jaroslav (advisor)
During recent years more and more emphasis has been put on saving and ecological aspects of the civil engineering industry. As the total volume of concrete being produced on our planet is immense (ca 1010 tons per year), the possibility of decreasing it by even a small percentage can bring large savings in material costs, transport and other costs and reduction of CO2 production and other pollution. Therefore, optimal analysis of design variables of concrete structures appears to be of high importance. Optimization is finding the best solution to a given problem. Many disciplines define different optimization problems and it is typically the minimum or maximum value of the objective function that is searched. It is known that mathematical procedures and algorithms to find an optimal structural design are used in practice in mechanical engineering, but the use of these tools in civil engineering is rather exceptional. Generally, scientific works deal with the optimal design of structures only. Finding of an optimal shape and dimensions is usually a question of the engineer’s experience and good “guess”, which is then verified by calculation. There are many reasons explaining why optimization in common practise is used only occasionally. One of them is the absence of proper user friendly software tools which could help within relatively short time available for structural design. Another reason is the complexity of optimization tasks as well as a lot of constraints in civil engineering design codes. Last but not least, the change of design variables of buildings, bridges and structures of special types do not express regular response. This issue is discussed in the submitted work.
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