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Analysis of the purchasing power of wages in the Czech Republic between 2004-2017
Vodžák, Milan ; Štípek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Ševčíková, Michaela (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to analyze the purchasing power of wages in the Czech Republic, which achieves very poor results. I discuss the market, historical and institutional factors that can cause wage differences on the basis of comparison with the states of Europe. I analyze the popular problem with the economic apparatus and propose solutions that can prevent the outflow of a qualified workforce and raise the living standards of the population. On a theoretical basis, I discuss the labour productivity and its possible causes, which are mainly human capital and technological equipment. Further, I explain the historical context of the socialist era and the institutional factors in the labour markets. In the practical part, using the causal analysis and comparison, I find, with the help of the Human Development Index, the states with high standards of living, that I compare with the Czech Republic. I detect, that investing in education or research and development has no clear impact on labour productivity, which is low in Czech Republic. Historical data confirm, that in the monitored period 2004-2017, Czech wages grew more than wages in Western Europe, but the wage approach is far away. I also analyze the impact of high labour costs, civil servants, governmental and currency interventions, and lastly, I show forecasts of purchasing power evolution, that seems positive.
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The status of women on the labour market in Czech Republic
Skopalíková, Anna ; Chytil, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
The bachelor thesis addresses discrimination of women on the labour market in Czech Republic. Its aim is to verify hypothesises about the existence of lower mean wages of women and about the existence of discrimination of women on the labour market in Czech Republic. Oaxaca wage differential decomposition which is introduced in the theoretical part of the thesis confirmed the existence of wage differentials between the wages of men and women on the Czech labour market, in selected regions and in selected occupational fields. This confirms the hypothesis about lower mean wages of women. Oaxaca wage differentials decomposition also confirms that the wage gap can be explained in most cases up to 18 %. The second hypothesis is confirmed only partially. The discrimination of women probably exists on the labour market but it is not possible to confirm the size of it. The unexplained component of the wage gap (based on the Oaxaca decomposition) includes besides other things the discrimination coefficient. The size of this coefficient is not possible to determine. The secondary aim of the bachelor thesis is to determine the impact of individual variables on the observed wage gaps. Factors which most often influence the wage gaps are education and age.
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Equality of opportunities in the labour market
Bažantová, Silvie ; Světlíková, Daniela (advisor) ; Hájková, Ivana (referee)
The bachelor thesis is devoted to equal opportunities of women in the labour market. This thesis is divided into theoretical a practical part.
The theoretical part surveys the legislation equality of women in the Czech Republic, which is outgoing from legislation of European Union, whose the most important provisions in this respects are the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms and the Act No. 198/2009 Coll., anti-discrimination Act. The thesis analyses significant provisions in the European and Czech law, theirs influence on the equality of opportunities of women in the labour market, situation and protection of Czech women-employees and businesswomen.
The second part, which is practical part, detects situation of women in the Czech society, their experiences with discrimination in the labour market, and mostly reasons of discrimination of women in the labour market, using a questionnaire research. Farther is detected position of women to discrimination and their potentialities and opportunities how to defend discrimination.
In conclusion are evaluated results of the questionnaire research between men and women, the causes of persisting discrimination against women in the labour market and the recommendations how to eliminate this discrimination. According to the research have reserves to combat discrimination against women in both the state and employers, men and eventually the women themselves.
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Vývoj mzdových rozdílů mezi muži a ženami v tranzitivních ekonomikách
Brychtová, Lenka
This thesis deals with the changes in gender wage differences in transition economies. The aim is to assess the effect of changes economic system on gender wage differences in seven countries of Central and Eastern Europe, which have undergone a change of economic system at the turn of the 80s and 90s of the 20th century. Four Western European countries are used as a control group. The data used in this thesis are ISSP data, which are part of the International Social Survey Programme. The research is based on calculations of hourly wage rates of men and women in each country. Other parts of the thesis are wage regressions to assess differences in pay between men and women.The analyzes suggest that the change of the economic system in the transition countries don't have a major impact on reducing the wage gap between men and women.
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