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Mesocestoides spp. - the spectrum of species, hosts, and life cycle modes
Zavadil, Ondřej ; Horák, Petr (advisor) ; Skála, Vladimír (referee)
Tapeworms of the genus Mesocestoides, which belong to the order Cyclophyllidea, are parasites of carnivorous vertebrates. Their larvalstages of tetrathyridiaare found in a wide range of tetrapod intermediate hosts. Within the genus, there is an anomalous species Mesocestoides corti, whose tetrathyridia reproduce in hosts by asexual longitudinal division. There is no mention of the possibility of such reproduction in other species. Thus, the laboratory strain of M. corti is widely used as a model organism that is well maintained under in vivo and in vitro conditions due to its asexual reproduction. Four other species are known to occur in the genus and are described by both morphological and molecular data. The remaining known species are named only on the basis of morphology. Adults are characterised by their rare morphology. This includes the ventromedian position of the genital atrium, the paired vitelline glands, and in gravid proglotids, developed paruterine organ, which contains eggs with oncospheres. The life cycle has not been yet explained, but it is assumed that the putative cycle involves three hosts. An alternative hypothesis considers the possibility of a two-host life cycle.
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Morphological adaptations of spores of ectomycorrhizal fungi and their role in dispersal
Jašková, Eliška ; Janošík, Lukáš (advisor) ; Kohout, Petr (referee)
The spore morphology determines the distance and the substrate on which they land. Recent studies show that colonization of a suitable substrate is more important than long-distance dispersal itself. Spore morphology therefore likely reflects specific ecological requirements of a particular species and is shaped by the selective pressure on their effective dispersal. In the case of ectomycorrhizal fungi, on which the work is focused, an important ecological requirement is a substrate where the spore can find a suitable partner for ectomycorrhiza. The beginning of the thesis is dedicated to a brief characterization of ectomycorrhizal fungi. The main part is divided into the summary of current knowledge about the key morphological features of ectomycorrhizal fungi (fruiting body, spore size, spore shape and cell wall ornamentation) and the specific ways how their spores can be dispersed. In the end, I also mention the possibilities of further research in this area.
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Environmental factors determining distribution of genders in dioecious plant species
Hatajová, Klára ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Čertner, Martin (referee)
This bachelor thesis investigates the effect of environmental factors on the ratio of males to females in populations of dioecious plants, and their different physiological and morphological changes caused by environmental stress. Although the sex of plants is determined genetically, environmental factors can influence mortality in one sex more or even cause the sex change of individuals. This thesis summarizes studies showing that females in dioecious plants are much less able to withstand environmental stress, mainly due to their increased demand for reproduction. Thus, females may have higher mortality than males, limiting the reproductive potential of the entire population. Key words Dioecious plants, environmental factors, physiology, morphology, sex ratio, stress
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Information Extraction from Wikipedia
Jurišica, Rudolf ; Otrusina, Lubomír (referee) ; Smrž, Pavel (advisor)
The goal of this thesis is to reduce the number of unknown referenced entities in Czech Wikipedia articles. This has been achieved by using some existing solutions, created by the KNOT research group at FIT BUT, and then by creating a set of programs. These programs are automatically run every month, when a new version of Wikipedia is released. They will automatically add new names to the knowledge base, generate their derived forms, and edit the articles themselves directly on Wikipedia.
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Morphology of my bacteria III.
Procházková, Kateřina ; Mitro, Michal (referee) ; Mikyta, Svätopluk (advisor)
In my bachelor thesis titled "Morphology of my bacteria III.", I focus on a series of objects and prints depicting a parasite defined by me. Using the technique of screen printing, I portray the subject as a symbol of personal encounters with health difficulties. This results in an infinite number of growing parasites, bacteriological or virological motifs, and morphological shapes. Screen printing is primarily utilized in the work for its ability to multiply and layer, each time with a different outcome.
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Morphological-syntactic level of speech with children of preschool age
ŠUSTOVÁ, Adéla
This bachelor thesis deals with the morphological-syntactic level and its practice through activities in kindergarten. The purpose of the bachelor thesis is to design exercises for the development of the morphological-syntactic level in children of preschool age, exercise with children to the maximum and then reflect. The content of the theoretical part is the development of children's speech, including a description of individual language levels. From the point of view of the morphological-syntactic level, the term morpheme, morphology and syntax are defined here. The development of the morphological-syntactic level is described, its development, diagnostics and possible disturbances, including the development of communication skills in the Framework Education Program. The practical part presents nine exercises which were designed in kindergarten with preschool children. The evaluation of the individual exercises and the questionnaire, which was presented to the teacher of preschool children, is presented here.
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Relationship between perceptual and structural variation of human faces: cross-cultural comparison
Pavlovič, Ondřej
ONDŘEJ PAVLOVIČ RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERCEPTUAL AND STRUCTURAL VARIATION OF HUMAN FACES: CROSS- CULTURAL COMPARISON ABSTRAKT The perception of facial features is a fundamental aspect of human culture, influencing daily interactions and relationships. This thesis explores the cross-cultural dynamics of facial perception. First, the theoretical introduction establishes the centrality of facial perception across cultures. Empirical studies included in this thesis elucidate the convergence and divergence of attractiveness standards among cultures. Additionally, this thesis explores the interplay between facial shape dimorphism, color dimorphism, and typicality across a wide variety of populations. The context of Vietnamese immigrants in the Czech Republic offers a unique lens to study the impact of the sociocultural environment on facial perception and preferences. By analyzing attractiveness assessments provided by Czech Europeans, Czech Vietnamese, and Asian Vietnamese raters for Czech and Vietnamese faces, the studies included in this thesis further elucidate the convergence and divergence of attractiveness standards across these groups. The results of these studies underscore the role of facial averageness as a universally significant trait in attractiveness judgments. Studies added to the appendix explore...
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Effect of Organic Additives on Electrochemical Processes Influencing Zn-Air Battery parameters
Smejkal, Jan ; Čech, Ondřej (referee) ; Chladil, Ladislav (advisor)
The diploma thesis is focused on the study of the influence of selected organic additives on the properties and morphology of zinc deposit on the negative electrode when used in zinc-air accumulators. Organic additives have been selected based on the study of literature and previously done experiments. The deposition was made on the tin plate electrodes in a solution of 6 mol/l KOH saturated with ZnO with added additives. All chosen additives were studied with a focus on the morphology of zinc deposit and with regard to their ability to suppress dendritic growth. Zinc morphology was studied by using a Tescan Vega 3 electron microscope and a Rigaku MiniFlex HR 600 X-ray diffractometer.
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