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The coal-forming environments
Šulcová, Jana ; Opluštil, Stanislav (advisor) ; Pešek, Jiří (referee)
The coal is a caustobiolith, which originates by biochemical transformation of plant biomass and its subsequent diagenesis under increased temperature, pressure and time. Coal occurs in a form of a layer, which is called a seam. A peat is an early stage of coal, which is formed by anaerobic decomposition of plant biomass accumulated in peatlands. Peatlands consist important subgroup of wetlands, where low oxygen content and water logging are important pre-requisites for their formation. The term peatlands has different meanings in various scientific disciplines and countries and so there is wide range of terms describing wetlands and peatlands. We don't exactly know the global distribution of peatlands, but the estimate is about 386 - 409 mil. ha. The hydrology is one of the main factors, which determine type of peatlands. We can distinguish two main types - ombrotrophic mires, which are fed by precipitation and rheotrophic mires, which are fed by groundwater (besides precipitation). During development peatlands can switch from rheotrophic state to ombrotrophic state. Two areas in the province Riau in Sumatra were chosen for a comparison. Siak Kanan is on the coast and Bengkalis Island, which represents the peat on the island. Final analysis of samples taken from peatlands show no significant...
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The coal-forming environments
Šulcová, Jana ; Opluštil, Stanislav (advisor) ; Pešek, Jiří (referee)
The coal is a caustobiolith, which originates by biochemical transformation of plant biomass and its subsequent diagenesis under increased temperature, pressure and time. Coal occurs in a form of a layer, which is called a seam. A peat is an early stage of coal, which is formed by anaerobic decomposition of plant biomass accumulated in peatlands. Peatlands consist important subgroup of wetlands, where low oxygen content and water logging are important pre-requisites for their formation. The term peatlands has different meanings in various scientific disciplines and countries and so there is wide range of terms describing wetlands and peatlands. We don't exactly know the global distribution of peatlands, but the estimate is about 386 - 409 mil. ha. The hydrology is one of the main factors, which determine type of peatlands. We can distinguish two main types - ombrotrophic mires, which are fed by precipitation and rheotrophic mires, which are fed by groundwater (besides precipitation). During development peatlands can switch from rheotrophic state to ombrotrophic state. Two areas in the province Riau in Sumatra were chosen for a comparison. Siak Kanan is on the coast and Bengkalis Island, which represents the peat on the island. Final analysis of samples taken from peatlands show no significant...
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