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Arsenic and arsenic species cycle in environment
Ševčíková, Kateřina ; Sommer, Lumír (referee) ; Dočekalová, Hana (advisor)
This bachelor thesis, based mostly on literature retrieval, deals with monitoring of individual arsenic compounds in the environment and is also reviewing methods used for their analysis. The experimental part is focused on determination of various arsenic in the Oncorhynchus mykiss tissue by HPLC-UV-HG-AFS. Obtained results showed that the arsenic was present in the tissue of the Oncorhynchus mykiss in form of arsenobetaine, which is common for fishes and other aquatic animals and is not toxic even for consuments.
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Palladium in the environment
Hajdová, Jana ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Komendová, Renata (advisor)
This work is focused on palladium in the environment. Its use is especially in the automobile industry as catalytic converters of motor vehicles, but also is applied in dental, jewelry making and electrical appliances. The release of this metal from automobile catalysts is getting into all environmental compartments (soil, road dust, water, plants), where goes to its accumulation. It can be a part of the food chain and cause health risks to humans. The work also focuses on methods of sampling, preconcentration and methods, which can determined palladium in environmental samples (spectrophotometric methods, AAS, ICP-AES and ICP-MS).
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Rhodium in the environment
Ondreášová, Klára ; Nevrlá, Jana (referee) ; Komendová, Renata (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the characteristic of rhodium, its use in the automotive industry, the occurrence in environmental compartments (air, soil, vegetation, water), accumulation and transformations. In this thesis there are also described methods of sampling for determination, the types of sample preparation, separation and preconcentration techniques necessary prior to instrumental analysis. The work also focuses on the most commonly used analytical methods of rhodium determination, which are spectrophotometric methods, AAS, ICP-AES and ICP-MS.
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The significance of platinum in the environment
Brestovská, Marta ; Holubová, Zuzana (referee) ; Sommer, Lumír (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with monitoring of individual platinum compounds in the environment (water, soil, air) and is also reviewing methods used for their analysis. The no less important determination of platinum in tissues and body fluids, when the platinum is used in form of a cisplatin as an anticancer drug, is also mentioned. Afterwards the anticancer drug itself or its derivatives and metabolites on the base of platinum complexes in clinical sample (urine, plasma) are determined. Mainly the ICP-AES, ICP-MS, ETA-AAS, HPLC methods are highlighted from the methods used for the determination of Pt. The on-line connection between some of these methods such as ICP-MS with HPLC or ICP-AES with HPLC seems to be useful. The spectrofotometric methods using organic and inorganic agents can also be used for the determination of platinum. These methods are mentioned here rather marginally, just for completeness. In terms of practical use they are difficultly reproducible and not very sensitive. The hydrolysis of platinum metals to form insoluble hydrated oxides makes also the determination difficult.
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Evaluation of methods for determination of surfactants
Soukupová, Alena ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the evaluation of the methods used for the determination of surfactants. On the base of literature search the review of possible methods applicable for the determination of detergents in the surface waters and wastewaters was set up. The theoretical part presents the definitions of the surface water and wastewater, possible sources of pollution are discussed and methods of water cleaning are listed. The definition and classification of various classes of surfactants is also included. This work is theoretical; therefore the evaluation was made on the basis of the information obtained from accessible literature. The evaluation of the discussed methods is given in the conclusion.
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Characteristic of nutrition values of meat from different animals
Kubištová, Petra ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
ABSTRACT In this thesis, there were assessed basic nutrition values of meat from different animals. Beef meat (bulls, heifers and veal), pork meat ( castrates, boars and gilts ), rabbit meat and chicken meat were included in the experimental part. There were moisture, lipids, proteins, ash and hydroxyproline determinated. Attention was given especially to the content of lipids and moisture. The animals were compared in terms of their type and on the basis of possible differences between sex (beef and pork meat), breed (beef and rabbit meat) or between different parts of animals` body (chicken and rabbit meat). Individual types were also compared with each other. For human nutrition it is possible to recommend veal meat, which contained the least amount of fat, MLD from rabbit meat and chicken breasts. Pork meat from young animals is comparable to chicken breast as regards the content of fat. We should also not omit beef meat in our bill of fare. Thanks to breeder technology the beef is now lower in fat than it used to be and contains valuable matters of red meat.
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Stanovení oxidu siřičitého ve víně standardními i alternativními metodami
Dufek, Petr
This thesis focuses on the study of domestic and foreign literature on the determination of sulfur dioxide in wine. A detailed description of the standard and alternative methods, their analysis, identification of possible shortcomings or disadvantages and specifying strengths and advantages. Theory obtained by studying literature is verified by a several samples of wine are provided different forms of sulfur dioxide with different methods . Subsequently, the results obtained by various methods are compared in terms of accuracy and applicability in the viticultural practice. Everything should be processed in order that the thesis could become an additional study material for university students.
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Porovnání metod stanovení biologické spotřeby kyslíku
Šváb, Ondřej
Topic of master thesis is Comparison of methods for determining the biochemical oxygen demand. This thesis is focused on mutual comparison of four analytical methods for determining the biochemical oxygen demand on four different samples of water, matrices. It is described principles of determining methods and procedures that are defining by norms and specific manufacturer practices. The result of thesis is evaluation individual methods, advantages and disadvantages and also comparison of methods in terms of repeatability of results, price, labor intensity and time.
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Zastúpenie izoflavónov v konvenčnej a rastlinej strave, ich nutričný význam
Debnárová, Denisa
My bachelor´s thesis is elaborated on the topic entitled „Representation of Isoflavones in conventional and vegetable diet and nutritional importance of these compounds“. In this thesis, the positive effects of polyphenol compounds on the human organism are presented in general, supplemented with the positive effects of isoflavones stated separately. These effects are divided into categories according to location or importance of the effect. Furthermore, tables with detailed information on representation of isoflavones in specific foods or raw materials can be found in the submitted thesis. It is not possible to determine a general menu that applies to everyone, and therefore mainly raw materials with respect to the usual eating habits specific for our local conditions. The thesis also contains the basic characteristics of the methods, by which we can detect isoflavones and their specific representation.
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Methods for extraction and analysis of carotenoids and lipids in green alga Chromochloris zofingiensis (Sphaeropleales, Chlorophyceae)
Fajfrová, Terezie ; Němcová, Yvonne (advisor) ; Čabala, Radomír (referee)
Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá mikroskopickou zelenou řasou Chromochloris zofingiensis, jejím životním cyklem a morfologií. Chromochloris zofingiensis je zelená jednobuněčná řasa, která dokáže akumulovat velké množství karotenoidů a lipidů, proto se ukazuje jako zajímavá alternativa nynějších zdrojů těchto látek. Karotenoidy, především pak sekundární karotenoidy, jsou významné pro svoje silné antioxidační účinky a uplatňují se v akvakultuře, chovu drůbeže i farmacii. Akumulace lipidů, zejména neutrálních lipidů, značí potenciál pro výrobu biopaliv. Práce shrnuje využívanou metodiku pro stanovování karotenoidů a lipidů a různé způsoby kultivace pro maximalizaci jejich výtěžku. Zároveň se práce zabývá strukturou daných látek a jejich komerčním využitím. Ačkoliv se Chromochloris zofingiensis zatím komerčně nepěstuje, práce se snaží nastínit potenciální přednosti této řasy jako alternativního přírodního zdroje astaxanthinu, luteinu, canthaxanthinu a neutrálních lipidů.
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