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National Repository of Grey Literature 2 records found  Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Interaction of amyloid β with neuronal membrane proteins
 Manová, Blanka ; Rudajev, Vladimír (advisor) ; Černá, Barbora (referee)
Amyloid b peptide is cleaved from the amyloid precursor protein by b and γ secretases. According to the amyloid hypothesis i tis the main cause of the early pathogenetic events of Alzheimer's disease (AD) which is the most common neurodegenerative disease in the world without an effective treatment. The main pathogenesis of AD is considered to be the loss of synapses, disruption of neuronal plasticity and neurodegeneration. Amyloid b can bind directly to the membrane or mediate neuronal damage indirectly via toxic inflammatory mediators (e.g., reactive oxygen intermediates, nitric oxide and cytokines) by activating microglia and astrocytes. In addition to interacting with various membrane receptors, Ab can also bind to the cell surface directly, disrupting membrane integrity or forming selective cation channels. This thesis summarizes key interactions with membranes of synapses and mechanisms of amyloid- induced toxicity through receptors.
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Compartmentalisation of surface receptor signalling in T cells
 Paldusová, Kateřina ; Cebecauer, Marek (advisor) ; Janušová, Šárka (referee)
The main goal of this thesis is to introduce the topic of compartmentalisation of signalling on the surface of T lymphocytes before and during the T-lymphocyte activation by the contact with an antigen-presenting cell (APC) or a target cell. To understand the compartmentalisation of signalling, the morphology of cell surface needs to be understood first. It is believed that the surface of T cell is magnified with an abundance of membrane protrusions called microvilli. Although, little is known about their inner structure. They may have some structural features different from microvilli on the surface of APC or microvilli of intestinal brush border. These structures are further described and compared with each other along-side with some other non-microvillar membrane protrusions and extensions. The insight into three-dimensional compartmentalisation of signalling molecules in T cells is still in its early days. Some results even contradict each other. This field will require the application of advanced imaging methods in a rather comprehensive way to uncover fine organisation of these molecules before and after encountering stimulatory surface. Key words T-cell signalling, membrane receptors, cell surface morphology, microvilli, microscopy
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