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The effect of Singapore mathematics on the mathematical self-efficacy of elementary school pupils
Šulcová, Pavla ; Jančařík, Antonín (advisor) ; Jirotková, Darina (referee)
This diploma thesis partly follows from the research of Smetáčková and Vozková who developed a Czech mathematical self-efficacy questionnaire. It examines the student's mathematical self-efficacy, i.e. the student's belief about his ability to successfully work on solving mathematical problems, depending on gender, year and the type of word problems used. It is also dedicated to teaching, describing solutions and student strategies for solving word problems in the form of two types of Singaporean problems - What number makes sense and What question can you answer. It describes the mathematics teaching in Singapore, which is repeatedly placed in the top ranks in international testing. 53 pupils in the 4th and 5th year of elementary school participated in the research lasting 5 weeks. The students filled out a mathematical self-efficacy questionnaire at the beginning and end of the research. During the research, the 4th graders were presented with 8 Singapore- type problems What question can you answer, and the 5th graders were presented with 10 traditional-type or Singapore-type problems What number makes sense. Hypotheses were tested with a two-sample F-test. No difference in mathematical self- efficacy was demonstrated for boys and girls. The 4th -grade students rated as more mathematically...
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An analysis of student solutions of mathematical tasks as a preparation for posing tasks in the Concept Cartoon format.
ZELENKOVÁ, Jana
The thesis is focused on the written exam of maths of 6th grade pupils at the lower secondary school. The aim of this work is to analyze solutions of pupils as preparation for creating tasks in the Concept Cartoons. In the theoretical part of the thesis I deal with approaches to teaching maths, learning styles of pupils, their strategies in solving not only mathematical problems. Then I describe mathematical word problems, the Concept Cartoons, their origin, division and creation. In the practical part of the thesis I devote to specific works of pupils and analyze their solutions, both correct and incorrect. This part of the work serves as a preparation for the creation of completely new tasks Concept Cartoons. Everything is complemented by examples of pupils work.
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Cultivation of mathematical literacy at the primary school level
DUBSKÁ, Klára
The diploma thesis deals with the issue of the cultivation of mathematical literacy for first-grade primary education pupils. With this aim, several topics, they might encounter outside of school, have been methodically developed. Design research was used to meet the objectives of the work and for proving the functionality of the proposed preparations and then their subsequent modification. During the research, I used methods of observation, interview, questionnaire, and video studies. The theoretical section describes mathematical literacy, in particular, research results and projects to support it. The practical part describes the course of searching for reality-related teaching topics, their processing into preparations for experimental teaching, and verification in practice. The esearch highlights the importance of an educator's self-reflection and the influence of their teaching experience. It demonstrates the difficulty of finding the appropriate topics from ordinary life for adaptation into the tasks for first-grade pupils. As a result of the work, the adjusted verified preparations were created.
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Vymezení vztahu matematické a finanční gramotnosti žáka střední školy
KAZDA, Martin
The main aim of the dissertation is to define if there is a correlation between financial and mathematical literacy of high school pupils using a suitably designed methodology. Its aim is to determine whether and to what extent the pupils´ acquired mathematical knowledge and skills translate into the development of their financial literacy. The issue of financial educationis currently being studied. To live in a modern society, it is necessary for an individual to be financially literate, ie able to fully adapt to the changing conditions on the financial markets. The process of education begins in early childhood. The thesis focuses on secondary school pupils, who already become legally adults during their studies, ie they can conclude binding contracts. The thesis is divided into two basic parts, theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part offers the reader a comprehensive search of available professional literature related to the issue. The theoretical part defines both literacies, ie financial and mathematical, and discusses their relationship. The reader is also acquainted with the issue of financial education in the Czech Republic and abroad. The empirical part describes the methodology of the implemented combined research, which links the methods of quantitative (ie questionnaire, didactic test) with the methods of qualitative (ie interview) survey with the help of the data triangulation method in order to increase its validity. The respondents were pupils of grammar schools and secondary technical schools with extended instruction in economic subjects across the Czech Republic. A sufficient sample was obtained to achieve a total 95% reliability level. Research has confirmed that there is a significant correlation between financial and mathematical literacy. It showed that a pupil's mathematical knowledge and skills are one of the effective tools for developing their financial literacy. It also showed that financial education can also be beneficial for teaching mathematics itself.
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Word problems about money in the 2nd year of primary school
Vodrážková, Lucie ; Slezáková, Jana (advisor) ; Kaslová, Michaela (referee)
The principal objective of this thesis is the comprehension of students' mental processes while solving verbal math problems about money. There searchis focused on pupils in the first stage of primary school and in particular verbal math problems, in which nominal value of coins, quantity of coins and their total particular verbal math problems, in which nominal value of coins, quantity of coins and their total sum play a key role. There fore, the objective of this diploma thesis is to lay out classify mony-related exprecises in thee currently used lies of elementary school mathematics text books for grade. The theoretical part consist of demarcation of early school age, a certain number of fanticipate dacts by RVP ZV for the first and second educational period, numeracy, literacy, verbal math problems, various strategies on how to solve such problems, basic is sues pipils encounter whilw solving those problems, coments on the topic of verbal math problems which appear in theree volume soft text books in tended for primary schools (Prodos, Taktic, H-mat). Their division into three types (a total sum of coins, nominal value of coins and number of coins) and their mutual comparision. The goal of the practial part is to analyse thought processes of and grade pupils when solving word problems about...
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Word problems about money in the 2nd year of primary school
Vodrážková, Lucie ; Slezáková, Jana (advisor) ; Kaslová, Michaela (referee)
The principal objective of this thesis is the comprehension of students' mental processes while solving verbal math problems about money. The research is focused on pupils in the first stage of primary school and in particular verbal math problems, in which nominal value of coins, quantity of coins and their total sum play a key role. The theoretical part consists of demarcation of early school age, a certain number of anticipated acts by RVP ZV for the first and second educational period, numeracy, literacy, verbal math problems, various strategies on how to solve such problems, basic issues pupils encounter while solving those problems, teaching aids used in dealing with verbal math problems about money, comments on the topic of verbal math problems which appear in three volumes of textbooks intended for primary schools (Prodos, Tak-tic, H-mat), and their mutual comparison. The practical part is launched by methodology of a quantitative research (in the form of three experiments). The first pre-experiment is carried out by seven pupils, the first and second by ten pupils. This part thoroughly describes the preparation of each experiment, along with their subsequent realisation, as well as analysed verbal math problems for individual experiments, expectations, example of one of the interview...
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Selected parts of the mathematics curriculum in the worksheets
GUBÁNI, Barbora
The thesis deals with the issues that are tied with reading and mathematical literacy. The literacy is being considered by solved exrcises at the second grade of elementary school. The purpose of this work is to bring nearer the connectedness between reading literacy and other subjects - in this case mainly math. The work is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the theory, in which there is outline of the description of reading and mathematical literacy, verbal exercises and what is the function of working sheets. The second part is practical. There are put created working sheets with chosen topics from math, which were given to the pupils at the elementary school. The cooperation with pupils wihtin filling the working sheets can be also found in this thesis. The analysis of this literacy and processes of solving are attached in the end.
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The level of basic mathematical skills of aspirants studying geography of the bachelor degree
Hrubá, Kateřina ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Rubešová, Jana (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with problems of mathematical skills. Unlike previous research carried out in Czech education, this diploma thesis focuses on university students. Specifically, the focus is on aspirants of the bachelor degree studying geography at the Faculty of Science of Charles University in Prague. The main aim of this work is to determine the mathematical skills, with which students have the greatest problems, if these problematical skills change over time, whether they are problematic independently of the group of the students or each student group has problems with other mathematical skills. In order to meet the goals the credit tests of mathematical geography were used. Because this type of test is not commonly used to determine the level of mathematical skills, it was necessary to develop an own assessment methodology. In total, 1920 credit tests were analyzed from the six academic years 2011/2012 to 2016/2017. The results show that the most problematic mathematical skills are "unit transfers", "using the appropriate formula in the correct form" and "calculating the angles". GeKa + FGG and UZ students also have problems with "formulating a verbal answer or reasoning". All studied study fields did together the smallest proportion of mistakes in mathematical skill "expression the...
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Word problems in mathematics in the contex of Reading Literacy and Matthematical Literacy.
MEDVIĎOVÁ, Markéta
The aim of my work is to prove continuity of solving word problems in math within the context of reading and mathematical literacy. Ten word problems will be created with different mathematical content, with longer task for challenging reading literacy. For all problems will be stated the correct solution. In the practical part, the problems will be assigned to solve to selected pupils at selected schools. The results of their solution will then be analysed and published.
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