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Analysis transport system in primary agricultural production
Raška, Michal ; Kubín, Karel (referee) ; Kašpárek, Jaroslav (advisor)
This thesis presents a comparison of fuel consumption and transportation efficiency of various transport vehicles in primary agricultural production. The first part deals with the possibility of transport of materials in agriculture. The following is a description of the compared vehicles. Finally, it describes the methodology of calculation of fuel consumption vehicles, which are then compared.
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Fermentation of biogas plants
Mrůzková, Karolína ; Vičíková, Magda (referee) ; Svěrák, Tomáš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the study of biogas plant technologies, mainly those based on the wet anaerobic digestion. In the experimental part of the thesis, biogas yield of the substrates (corn silage, corn hominy, pig slurry, poultry droppings, sugar beet pulp) is measured in a fermentation test. Based on the real biogas yields of a particular biogas plant, where the determined substrates are used, the relative error of the fermentation test was calculated.
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Vliv kvality kukuřičné siláže na mléčnou užitkovost dojnic
BRÁCHA, Daniel
With the ever-increasing demands on milk yield, it is necessary that the present feed is of the highest quality and contains the required nutrients. To fulfill these requirements, the bulk feeds produced, especially maize silage, must be healthy and of the highest quality. The bachelor thesis was divided into two parts. In the first, thus theoretical part, are generally discussed about the silage process and related terms, such as ensilability or silage. However, the majority part of it is devoted to technological silage processes. Following these processes means healthy and high-quality feed. These processes include mainly covering, compactining, filling silage pits and more. From a qualitative point of view, it is important to control the dry matter content, the length of the cut and the degree of grain crushing. Failure of following the recommended the optimal values may mean a degradation of the fermentation process or the occurrence of undesirable microorganisms in the final feed. In a result, the utility and reproductive properties are worsen. The health of the animals may also be worsen. Preservatives can be used to improve the fermentation process and keeping constant aerobic stability during feeding. The end of the theoretical part is devoted to nutrition and feeding techniques of dairy cows, specifically mixed feed ration (TMR), rumen fermentation and milk yield. The practical part was carried out on a dairy farm in Pernarec, which is part of the Úněšovského statku a.s., which agricultural in the northern part of Plzeň. Here were evaluated the annual milk yields and the factors that influence them. The majority part is devoted to the analysis of corn silage and the preparation of TMR. Next were evaluated the qualitative composition of silages and the precision of TMR preparation in relation to the economics of milk production. The possible effect of the weather on milk yield and quality of corn silages was also taken account. Monitored and evaluated were data in the years 2018 - 2021.
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Analýza kvalitativních ukazatelů silážovaných krmiv
NECHVÁTAL, Jaroslav
The aim of this thesis is to analyse chosen characteristics of silage quality. Total of 119 samples of grass silage and corn silage from the year 2018 were analysed. The quality of fermentation was analysed and silage was evaluated according to "Norma 2004", german evaluation system by Kaiser 2006 and slovakian system by Mitrík 2016. All the results were compared. 82 % of samples according to "Norma 2004", 88 % according to Kaiser and 83 % according to Mitrík were classified as the first class of fermentation. The influence of additives was also included in the evaluation of fermentation. The influence of bacterial and bacterial-enzymatic additives on the content of nutrients was observed. The results were compared with the average values of the silage of the year 2018.
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Vliv kvality siláže na množství a složení mléka dojnic českého strakatého plemene skotu
Úradníčková, Hana
The diploma thesis is focused on analysing the impact of the quality of silage on the production and quality of milk of the Czech fleckvieh cattle. For this purpose, a herd of Czech fleckvieh cattle was observed in monthly intervals for the whole year 2016. I focused mainly on assessing the impact of the quality of silage and total mixed ration (TMR) on the components of milk and the milk production. At each observation, was carried out an assessment of the individual TMR fractions using a separator. The detection of cow comfort index (CCI) was followed by monitoring movements of chewing, chewing times and evaluation of condition of selected cows at the first lactation. The structure of the TMR during the year varied widely. The fraction of TMR on the first separator sieve ranged from 4.1% of TMR for cows at the peak of the lactation up to 91.41% of TMR for cows standing dry. The structure of the TMR for cows at the peak of lactation during the year was nearly optimal, since on the bottom of the separator there was only a minimal amount of TMR. The majority of the TMR remained in the second and third sieves. On the first sieve, there was found more than 10% TMR (except month of January - 4.55%), which corresponds to the general requirements of the structural fibre. According to the laboratory analyses the quality of the corn silage had not significantly changed. The dry matter was in the range from 31.78 to 37.91%, crude protein was from 8.3 to 11.04%, starch was from 28.78 to 41.55%, fibre was from 14 to 19.95%, pH from 3.70 to 3 81, NEL 6.60 to 6.81 MJ/kg and acidity of water extract from 1916 to 2211 mg KOH/100 g. CCI during the year ranged from 79.25 to 91.49%. Regarding chewing movements, the cow performed an average of 58 chewing movements in an average time of 58 seconds. Also, an evaluation was carried out of the body condition score of cows at their first lactation. The average value was 3.21 points, which is reported below the minimum threshold which a cow should achieve in this period (3.25 points). Due to the optimized feed rations, whose nutritional content was approaching the optimal values, the impact of variation of these values did not show up either on quantity or quality of milk, or dairy cow welfare parameters.
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Pěstování a využití kukuřice seté v ekonomických podmínkách České republiky
Treuová, Alena
This bachelor study is focused on a cultivation of Zea Mays and its use in current economic conditions in Czech Republic. This thesis describes the origin of Zea Mays, its morphology, the botanical division, agrotechnology of cultivation and harvest methods. Corn harvest is very diverse, harvest for grain, production silage or forage is processed to green feed for farm animals. Thesis is also focused on the application of the corn in the food industry, energetic and in pharmacy. Last years, a greater portion of corn production is being used for biofuel production. Costs incurred on corn production, comparison of average costs of grain and silage production in Czech Republic are described in conclusion. Due to need for organic fertilizing of corn intended for harvest is this kind of corn more costly than corn with purpose of silage.
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Složení a kvalita objemných krmiv ve vztahu k ekonomice výroby mléka
JANATA, Martin
The theoretical and practical part was elaborated in the bachelor work on the composition and quality of bulky feedingstuffs in relation to the milk production economy. I worked at JINOS - AGRO with limited liability company, which is engaged in breeding of Holstein cattle. The theoretical part deals generally with breeding of dairy cattle, welfar of animals, milk, lactation, bulk and nuclear feed. In the practical part, I evaluated the annual yields, the composition of feed rations, the analysis of maize silage, the analysis of clover-grass silage and their influence on the performance of dairy cows. At the end of the work I made an economic evaluation of the milk production in the selected company. The work evaluated the data, which were obtained in 2014 - 2016.
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Fermentation of biogas plants
Mrůzková, Karolína ; Vičíková, Magda (referee) ; Svěrák, Tomáš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the study of biogas plant technologies, mainly those based on the wet anaerobic digestion. In the experimental part of the thesis, biogas yield of the substrates (corn silage, corn hominy, pig slurry, poultry droppings, sugar beet pulp) is measured in a fermentation test. Based on the real biogas yields of a particular biogas plant, where the determined substrates are used, the relative error of the fermentation test was calculated.
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stravitelnosti vlákniny kukuřičné siláže
FOUS, Dominik
This thesis is focused on the fiber digestibility of maize silage. The thesis describes the morphology of corn, the chemical composition of the grain and some cultivated maize species. The corn silage, technology and preservation of corn silage are included. Metods In-situ, in-vitro and feed assessment systems according to NRC, INRA and MILK are also described. Feed assessment systems describe how to proceed with the evaluation of individual substances in the feed. Next part of the thesis is focused on fiber and its evaluation. In the end of the thesis are recommendations for practice.
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