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Extraction of Landscape Elements from Remote Sensing Data
Ferencz, Jakub ; Kalvoda, Petr (referee) ; Hanzl, Vlastimil (advisor)
This master thesis deals with a classification technique for an automatic detection of different land cover types from combination of high resolution imagery and LiDAR data sets. The main aim is to introduce additional post-processing method to commonly accessible quality data sets which can replace traditional mapping techniques for certain type of applications. Classification is the process of dividing the image into land cover categories which helps with continuous and up-to-date monitoring management. Nowadays, with all the technologies and software available, it is possible to replace traditional monitoring methods with more automated processes to generate accurate and cost-effective results. This project uses object-oriented image analysis (OBIA) to classify available data sets into five main land cover classes. The automate classification rule set providing overall accuracy of 88% of correctly classified land cover types was developed and evaluated in this research. Further, the transferability of developed approach was tested upon the same type of data sets within different study area with similar success – overall accuracy was 87%. Also the limitations found during the investigation procedure are discussed and brief further approach in this field is outlined.
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Vliv antropogenních aktivit na krajinné prostředí
Doležalová, Pavla
This bachelor thesis „Effect of anthropogenic activities on landscape environments“ was created after literary research. It contains summary of theoretical knowledge aimed on the effect of agricultural activities on environment and the possibility of reducing negative impacts caused by agriculture. Next part of my thesis contains evalution of agricultural company Agrosumak a.s. based in Moravian-Silesian region in Suchdol nad Ordou. Afield research of chosen lands larger than 30 ha has been conducted. The main topic of this thesis is proposition of optimization of these lands by putting antierosive and landscaping elements into the landscape. The result of this thesis is improvement of landscape structure and acreage reduction of these lands so that they correspond to a government regulation about cultivating a monoculture on a land smaller than 30 ha.
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Long-term development of scattered vegetation related to agricultural and environmental politics
Vlnová, Lucie ; Reif, Jiří (advisor) ; Matějíček, Luboš (referee)
Scattered vegetation is an essential part of the landscape in the Czech Republic. It is typical mainly for farm land which has experienced deep changes during the last century, which were probably the deepest changes in the last millennium. The thesis focuses on valuation of the scattered vegetation from the fifties till present. As a reset of collectivism, land consolidation in-to large land units, grassland ploughing and disturbance of scenic elements started. These broke the ecological balance of the landscape. The priority was given to the objective of increasing agricultural production. However, this intense way of farming changed sharply after the year 1989 during the transition to free market economy when the intensity of agricultural production decreased and a lot of less efficient areas were left abandoned. At the same time, modern legislativ protecting important scenic elements and scattered vegetation was adopted. At the beginning of the new century the Czech Republic joined the European Union resulting in changes in the environmental and agricultural policy. My thesis is aiming to analyse all the elements of scattered vegetation on one study area and with the help of this analysis tries to get the response of the scattered vegetation to the factors mentioned above. Specifically, I...
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Influence of former landscape elements on soil properties
Matějovský, Jiří ; Zádorová, Tereza (advisor) ; Luděk, Luděk (referee)
Hedgerows are elements in landscape, creating a landscape structure and influencing soil properties. This thesis is focused on the assessment of impact of the former landscape elements on current soil properties. Study area is located in the Central Bohemian Region, in the district of Pribram. Study plot area is 33 ha and is currently managed as a single large unit without any landscape elements. Assessment of the degree of impact on soil properties was mainly focused on soil depth, stratigraphic profile and organic carbon content. Sampling was carried out perpendicularly to the four selected hedgerows. The deepest soils, as well as the largest percentage of organic carbon were observed in areas of the original occurrence of hedgerows. Places above the hedgerows did not show significantly better soil properties, while at the locations below the hedgerows were identified deeper soils and increased organic carbon content. These findings confirmed the importance of hedgerows and their ability to influence soil properties.
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Land Analysis needful for complex landscaping
Vávrová, Kateřina ; Kottová, Blanka (advisor) ; Klára, Klára (referee)
This thesis deals with a detailed analysis of available data for the area, which is the cadastral area Malý Bor district Klatovy, which subsequently serves as a major
base for the actual process of implementing the komplex landscaping. It also includes my own field research.
In the first part are described in detail and explained the particular concepts related to the landscape, landscaping, and for them the important materials. In another part is defined the researched area and it is described in terms
of historical, typological, geomorphological, geological, climatic, hydrological, phytogeographical and geobiocenological.
In the following part there is the description of the available materials and economic land use. With all these available data have been maked particular analyzes that lead to evaluation road infrastructure, water and wind erosion, the situation of nature and landscape protection, water management measures and landscape greenery. Everything is completed by findings from the field research
and my own photographs. On these findings are based and individual recommendations or warnings, which serve as comments in a case of implementation of comprehensive landscaping.
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Linear landscape elements and biodiversity of small terrestrial mammals in agriculture landscape
MARŠÁLEK, Martin
Annotation The thesis deals with an influence of linear landscape elements and landscape heterogeneity on a biodiversity and population dynamics of small terrestrial mammals (STM) in an agricultural landscape of South Bohemia. The theoretical part consists of literally review about landscape, historical analysis of landscape structures development in the area of interest and summarizes existing knowledge about the ecology of present STM species. The aim of the practical part is to compare small mammals' biodiversity in three biotopes using capture-release-recapture method. The thesis follows my bachelor thesis and uses the same methods as in 2013. Data obtained in 2013 and 2015 were evaluated and the results were compared. In both years three three-days long captures were performed, always with 30 traps in 5 meters distance in every biotope. The species, sex, weight, foot length and age of captured animals were determined. In 2013, 60 individuals of three species of small terrestrial mammals were captured (Apodemus sylvaticus, Myodes glareolus and Microtus arvalis). In 2015, 444 individuals of four species were captured (Apodemus sylvaticus, Myodes glareolus, Microtus arvalis and Apodemus flavicollis). The total numbers of STM significantly differ between 2013 and 2015 (Wilcoxon's pair test, Z = 2,66; p = 0,008). The biotopes differ significantly in animal abundance in both 2013 (Chi-Square 114,1; d. f. = 2; p < 0, 0001) and 2015 (Chi-Square 346,96; d. f. = 2; p < 0, 0001). The highest species diversity and abundance were always found in linear landscape element (alley).
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Hodnocení estetiky krajiny
Janečková, Eva
The thesis deals with aesthetic value of the landscape and the way people perceive the landscape. The review of the literature contains the clarification of the basic terms, a summary of theoretical and practical knowledge, presents the results of international surveys that capture basic approaches of landscape assessment. The practical part contains the results of a sociological survey, which aimed to determine the visual preferences of the general public of the countryside and landscape features. There were evaluated photos of various landscape sceneries of the three regions in Czech Republic (Beskydy, Pálava and Moravian Karst) in the research presented. Results of the survey are summarized in tables, charts, and graphical elements and they are verbally commented. It was also found out which landscape features people consider as important to be preserved for future generations, and what the current threats to the country are considered as the most serious.
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Extraction of Landscape Elements from Remote Sensing Data
Ferencz, Jakub ; Kalvoda, Petr (referee) ; Hanzl, Vlastimil (advisor)
This master thesis deals with a classification technique for an automatic detection of different land cover types from combination of high resolution imagery and LiDAR data sets. The main aim is to introduce additional post-processing method to commonly accessible quality data sets which can replace traditional mapping techniques for certain type of applications. Classification is the process of dividing the image into land cover categories which helps with continuous and up-to-date monitoring management. Nowadays, with all the technologies and software available, it is possible to replace traditional monitoring methods with more automated processes to generate accurate and cost-effective results. This project uses object-oriented image analysis (OBIA) to classify available data sets into five main land cover classes. The automate classification rule set providing overall accuracy of 88% of correctly classified land cover types was developed and evaluated in this research. Further, the transferability of developed approach was tested upon the same type of data sets within different study area with similar success – overall accuracy was 87%. Also the limitations found during the investigation procedure are discussed and brief further approach in this field is outlined.
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Plán společných zařízení komplexních pozemkových úprav v k.ú. Hrubá Vrbka
Seidlová, Nikol
This thesis deals with the base for a standardized Plan of common appliances for land properties adjustment in the cadastral area Hrubá Vrbka. This is an assessment of the current condition of the solved teritory, the analysis of natural conditions, economic land use, infrastructure and the existing soil protection, detection of water ratios, evaluation of data from the cadastre and land use planning documentation and documentation which is already processed. The plan of common appliances is used as an instrument to reduce the risk of wind and water erosion, to improve the availability of individual parcels, thereby increasing stability and lucrativity of the landscape. The result of this thesis is to determine the current status of individual landscape elements and overall arrangement of cadastral comunity Hrubá Vrbka, to define gaps and to propose new elements or measures to improve their condition. The topic is to create a new plan of common appliances for future implementation of comprehensive landscaping.
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Krajina na pomezí CHKO Beskydy (Vizovická vrchovina vs. Javorníky): srovnání historického a současného využití krajiny
Babicová, Jarmila
The presented diploma thesis concerns with a study of historic and contemporary human influence on the region of Valašská Polanka. The changes in landscape are evaluated by comparing historic maps and sources with its actual condition. Segments of land in the landscape park (Javorníky) as well as outside of it (Vizovické Hills) were selected for further examination and were charted from the perspective of their biotopes. The charted areas include parts of agrarian domains, in this case extensively utilized pastures. The segments mapped on these sites were divided into various categories according to the landscape features (wetland, forest borderland, dispersed greenery). A collection of precaution steps for these features was created, based on the newly gained information. The paper also includes possibilities of application of subsidy programs in agriculture.
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