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The effect of menstrual cycle and cortisol and testosteron levels on strenght performance in female athletes
Novotná, Kateřina ; Heller, Jan (advisor) ; Pěkný, Martin (referee)
This study provides a comprehensive insight into the physiological and hormonal changes in female athletes during the menstrual cycle and their impact on performance training and recovery. It covers an overview of menstrual cycle physiology, the effects of steroid hormones on the female reproductive system, cortisol secretion examination, and the role of testosterone in female physiology. Furthermore, it analyzes the influence of individual menstrual cycle phases on the strength capabilities of female athletes and studies the relationship between cortisol and testosterone secretion and these abilities. It discusses the influence of the follicular phase on performance in the Wingate test, negative correlation between cortisol concentration and female athletes' strength performance, and differences in maximum performance between athletes with regular and irregular cycles. It highlights general limitations of research on women that need to be considered. Overall, this work contributes to the discussion on the relationship between hormonal changes and strength performance in female athletes, with potential future applications in training and sports performance. KEY WORDS menstrual cycle, hormones, strength capabilities, cortisol, testosterone, physical exertion
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The role of the HPA axis in the development of affective disorders
Fiedlerová, Alžběta ; Telenský, Petr (advisor) ; Svoboda, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the influence of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) on the development of affective disorders. Affective disorders such as Major Depressive Disorder or Posttraumatic Stress Syndrom are serious mental illnesses that have a serious impact on the life of the individual suffering from the disorder. The HPA axis plays a key role in the adaptation of individual to stressful situations. Dysfunction of the HPA axis can significantly affect the homeostasis of the organism, due to increased or decreased levels of hormones and neurotransmitters or deregulation of the stress system. This can lead to the development of affective disorders. This thesis focuses on the analysis of the connections between the activity of the HPA axis and the emergence of affective disorders and examines the possibilities of therapeutic treatment of this axis as a potential target for the treatment of these disorders. The results of this review of individual scientific articles support the understanding of the mechanism that links the HPA axis to affective disorders and offer a perspective for future researh. Key words: HPA axis, cortisol, major depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder
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Use of cell phone in liquids analysis
Křístek, Tomáš ; Sekora, Jiří (referee) ; Čmiel, Vratislav (advisor)
Technological development, broad availability and ubiquity of mobile phones made it possible in recent years to start a progression leading to the integration of mobile phones into biomedical analytical methods, the development of telemedicine and mobile personal health applications. This paper deals with the literature review of the mobile phone usage in biomedicine, with emphasis on the methods of optical analysis and technical solutions using 3D printing technology. It provides a draft and practical implementation of salivary cortiol level measuring system using a mobile phone, ELISA analytical methods, 3D printing technology and a set of custom Matlab functions connected with Matlab Mobile application and Mathworks Cloud. Also provides critical evaluation of results and method possibilities, and presents set of proposals and findings for quality of measurment optimization.
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Use of cell phone in liquids analysis
Křístek, Tomáš ; Sekora, Jiří (referee) ; Čmiel, Vratislav (advisor)
Technological development, broad availability and ubiquity of mobile phones made it possible in recent years to start a progression leading to the integration of mobile phones into biomedical analytical methods, the development of telemedicine and mobile personal health applications. This paper deals with the literature review of the mobile phone usage in biomedicine, with emphasis on the methods of optical analysis and technical solutions using 3D printing technology. It provides a draft and practical implementation of salivary cortiol level measuring system using a mobile phone, ELISA analytical methods, 3D printing technology and a set of custom Matlab functions connected with Matlab Mobile application and Mathworks Cloud. Also provides critical evaluation of results and method possibilities, and presents set of proposals and findings for quality of measurment optimization.
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Electromyography, measurement of muscle electric activity
Kořínek, Peter ; Provazník, Ivo (referee) ; Kolářová, Jana (advisor)
The task of this thesis was to become acquainted with the issue of measuring of muscle electric activity.In the theoretical part we became familiar with the computer measuringsystem BIOPAC and its options to measure monitored magnitudes. This continue with practical part, in which we watch the problematic according to a theory in a group of people. We learned data with BIOPAC according to protocol of the result of physicaleffort influence on EMG. In the end the results were statistically analysed. The data as a product offallowing research were verified by hypothesis. In thelast step, the data are presented in graphical user interface development environment. After loading of the EMG of measured person, the process are displayed-without, with and after the power with onus. It is possible to choose from different analyses.
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The influence of thyroid hormones and adrenal glands on mental function
Augustinová, Jana ; Šivicová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Špinka, Marek (referee)
This thesis focuses on effects of thyroid and adrenal hormones on mental functions, especially on cognitive functions and emotions. In the case of adrenal hormones it will also focus on stress and burnout syndrome, which are not considered as mental functions, but are connected to both psyche and the above mentioned hormones. The text is divided into two parts. The first, theoretical part deals with the anatomy and histology of these two organs, hormones that they produce and their influence on overall physical condition and pathology. The main section of this theoretical part deals with the description of influence of thyroid hormones and adrenal glands on the above mentioned mental functions. This work is based on both earlier and contemporary research, but predominantly on foreign research. In the second, empirical part, a proposal for longitudinal study of cortisol and thyroxine levels during depression treatment is presented. Klíčová slova: Hormones, thyroid glang, adrenal gland, mental functions, cognitive functions, emotions, stress, cortisol, thyroxine
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Účinky rostlinných produktů na růst, stravitelnost, složení těla, imunitní a stresovou reakci u ryb
ZARE, Mahyar
The plant powders and extracts contain bioactive compounds, including phenolic compounds, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. These compounds have been shown to possess antistress, antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal effects on fish. Nettle has been extensively studied in mammalian medicine, but its effects on aquaculture species have not been well documented. Recent studies have demonstrated the positive impact of nettle on the growth performance, hematology, blood biochemistry, immune system, and pathogens resistance of fish species. Nettle leaf powder at a rate of 30 g/kg feed, improved the final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), weight gain percent% (WG%), specific growth rate (SGR%), and increased whole-body proximate protein and ash content while reducing whole-body proximate fat rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings. Tarragon leaf powder at a rate of 30 g/kg feed, significantly increased the haematocrit% (Hct%) and leukocyte count. The combination of 10 g/kg feed nettle leaf powder and 10 g/kg feed tarragon leaf powder resulted in the highest levels of erythrocyte count and haemoglobin (Hb). Nettle leaf powder at 30 g/kg feed, tarragon leaf powder at 30 g/kg feed, and a combination of 10 g/kg feed nettle leaf powder and 10 g/kg feed tarragon leaf powder significantly increased albumin levels in blood serum. Tarragon leaf powder at 10 g/kg feed showed the highest blood serum lysozyme enzyme activity compared to the control. Blood serum total immunoglobulin and total protein levels were significantly associated with nettle leaf powder at 30 g/kg feed. The study confirms the positive effects of these additives on growth performance, whole body proximate composition, immunological, haematological, and selected blood serum biochemical factors. Different levels of garlic powder did not significantly affect growth performance and somatic indices in European perch (Perca fluviatilis). However, adding 30 g/kg feed garlic powder resulted in a significantly higher level of whole-body proximate protein. Both 10 g/kg feed and 30 g/kg feed garlic powder showed significantly higher fat digestibility than the control and 20 g/kg feed garlic powder groups. The 20 g/kg feed garlic powder diet resulted in significantly higher erythrocyte and leukocyte count. Furthermore, all garlic groups had significantly lower blood serum cholesterol levels compared to the control. Garlic powder at level 30 g/kg feed improved European perch's resistance against high density and net handling stress, as well as their haematological and immunological parameters. Immediately after stress, the level of cortisol in all garlic-fed groups was significantly higher than in the control group, and there was no significant difference in glucose levels among the groups. However, after 24 hours, the levels of both cortisol and glucose were lower in all garlic-fed groups compared to the control group significantly. Garlic powder at a level of 10 g/kg feed improved apparent fat digestibility, whole body proximate protein, hematological parameters, immunological parameters, and increased resistance in high density and net handling stress. Overall, garlic powder could be considered as a potential dietary supplement for managing stress in European perch, however, further research is needed to determine the optimal dosage and long-term effects. Results of present thesis suggest that the use of natural feed phyto-additives could be a potential solution to address health issues in aquaculture, leading to more sustainable and efficient food production.
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The Importance of Circadian Rhythms in Humans with a Focus on Adolescents
Kolářová, Michaela ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
The aim of the presented diploma thesis is a detailed outline of the meaning of circadian rhythms in adolescence. Circadian rhythms appear in early childhood, but undergo many changes during lifetime. While in early childhood the waking and sleeping cycle shifts to an earlier time, during adolescence it is quite the opposite and the cycle is shifted a few hours later and in older age the cycle even returns to an earlier state. Adolescence is associated with the most significant changes and increased demands on study, independence and generally more overload at the expense of quality and adeqaute sleep, which not only causes circadian rhythms to dissipate and shift dramatically, which such as health. For adolescents, the delayed phase is naturally correlated with sexual development, with sleep patterns being controlled by the biological component. Respecting physiological changes in adolescence and striving for institutional changes seem to be the most appropriate therapies instead of forcing patterns basen on institutional and parental needs, which only undermines adolescent body chemistry, results in insufficient and poor quality sleep for functioning and healthy physiological development of adolescents.
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Způsoby hodnocení stresu u koní
ČERNÁ, Michaela
This bachelor's thesis deals with the currently highly addressed issues in horse bree-ding, which is stress. It can be caused by a number of causes and lead to a number of undesirable consequences. These can adversely affect the health, performance or behavior of the animals. Therefore, this is a very important topic for horse breeders. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to write available current information about horse stress and select appropriate methods for its evaluation. The following proce-dures were chosen: heart rate, cortisol levels, body temperature and eye temperatu-re. The observation included 3 individuals who were integrated into the new herd. The most effective way to evaluate the degree of tremor in the incorporation of horses into a new herd was to measure the temperature of the eye using a thermal camera. Within 3 days, the value of the eye temperature dropped from 35.5 °C to 31.6 °C. An invasive and accurate method for determining stress in horses was found-free determination of blood cortisol concentrations, which were recorded at 64.3 nmol / l, 29.7 nmol / l when collected at 17:00 and 149 nmol / l when collected at 10:00. The morning time proved to be more suitable for blood collection to assess the degree of stress. Heart rate was recorded as normal (36 bpm, 44 bpm) and did not reflect the stress response. Rectal temperature measurement has proven difficult to perform in horses in a new environment and under stress. Eye temperature measurement proved to be the most accurate method for asses-sing stress in horses and blood cortisol levels, which is more suitable for scientific purposes. However, the goal of every breeder should be to try to prevent stressful situations, especially by fulfilling the welafre in horse breeding.
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The Importance of Circadian Rhythms in Humans with a Focus on Adolescents
Kolářová, Michaela ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
The aim of the presented diploma thesis is a detailed outline of the meaning of circadian rhythms in adolescence. Circadian rhythms appear in early childhood, but undergo many changes during lifetime. While in early childhood the waking and sleeping cycle shifts to an earlier time, during adolescence it is quite the opposite and the cycle is shifted a few hours later and in older age the cycle even returns to an earlier state. Adolescence is associated with the most significant changes and increased demands on study, independence and generally more overload at the expense of quality and adeqaute sleep, which not only causes circadian rhythms to dissipate and shift dramatically, which such as health. For adolescents, the delayed phase is naturally correlated with sexual development, with sleep patterns being controlled by the biological component. Respecting physiological changes in adolescence and striving for institutional changes seem to be the most appropriate therapies instead of forcing patterns basen on institutional and parental needs, which only undermines adolescent body chemistry, results in insufficient and poor quality sleep for functioning and healthy physiological development of adolescents.
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