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Nursing students'stress factors in clinical practice
Kurišová, Miroslava ; Mádlová, Ivana (advisor) ; Javůrková, Alena (referee)
The thesis focused on the psychological burden of students on professional practice and the related self-confidence of students. I set myself the following goals: 1. To analyze the current state of the issue of mental stress of students in professional practice using scientific sources and articles in Czech and foreign literature 2. Prepare a non-standardized structured questionnaire and assign the target respondents - students of Charles University 2nd and 3rd Faculty of Medicine / Faculty of Medicine / in Prague and students of the Faculty of Health Care of the Catholic University in Slovakia 3. Identify potential differences in the identification of stressors in the course of professional practice and assessment of load by students 4. Propose recommendations for improving education and training during studies The methodology: the work consists of data analysis obtained using a structured questionnaire, which was distributed electronically among students of General Nursing in 2nd and 3rd year in Czech Republic and in the 2nd and 3rd year in Slovakia. The final number of respondents for both universities was 66, a rate of return of 72%. MS excel 2016 spreadsheet processor and IBM SPSS Statistics software version 22 (USA) and Statistica version 12 were used for data analysis. The hypotheses were...
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Nursing students'stress factors in clinical practice
Kurišová, Miroslava ; Mádlová, Ivana (advisor) ; Javůrková, Alena (referee)
The thesis focused on the psychological burden of students on professional practice and the related self-confidence of students. I set myself the following goals: 1. To analyze the current state of the issue of mental stress of students in professional practice using scientific sources and articles in Czech and foreign literature 2. Prepare a non-standardized structured questionnaire and assign the target respondents - students of Charles University 2nd and 3rd Faculty of Medicine / Faculty of Medicine / in Prague and students of the Faculty of Health Care of the Catholic University in Slovakia 3. Identify potential differences in the identification of stressors in the course of professional practice and assessment of load by students 4. Propose recommendations for improving education and training during studies The methodology of the work will consist in the analysis of data obtained using a structured questionnaire, which will be distributed electronically among students of General Nursing in 2nd and 3rd year in Czech Republic and in the 2nd and 3rd year in Slovakia. The final number of respondents for both universities was 66, a rate of return of 72%. MS excel 2016 spreadsheet processor and IBM SPSS Statistics software version 22 (USA) and Statistica version 12 were used for data analysis. The...
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Hand disinfection from the point of view of nurses
VRZÁKOVÁ, Karolína
Hygienic hand disinfection is one of the basic measures to prevent healthcare associated infections. The principles of hygienic hand disinfection are laid down by the World Health Organization and the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic. By following the procedures of hygienic hand disinfection, the health of not only the patients but also the healthcare personnel is protected. The issue of hygienic hand disinfection is often mentioned, but compliance can be a problematic aspect. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the issue of hygienic hand disinfection and related areas. This is the area of indications for hygienic hand disinfection and the procedure, which in practice may hide deficiencies. The thesis also mentions disinfectants and the topic of jewellery and nail treatment, which is also crucial in terms of the quality of the hygienic hand disinfection performed. The use of alcoholic disinfectants can cause skin manifestations and it is necessary to take care of the skin of the hands. Hygienic hand disinfection is a global topic and has been the subject of many studies. This thesis is enriched by a number of them. Health care-associated infections are closely related to hygienic hand disinfection. The theoretical part of the thesis also focuses on this. In the research part of the thesis, the data obtained by observation and subsequent interview technique are processed. The objectives of the thesis are to find out the problem areas of implementation of hygienic hand disinfection among general nurses, to find out the reasons for non-adherence to hygienic hand disinfection among general nurses and to find out the recommendations of general nurses for adherence to hygienic hand disinfection. The study population consisted of general nurses of a standard ward of a selected regional hospital.
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Hostile and aggressive behaviour of patients towards nurses in clinical practice
ŠMEJKALOVÁ, Alžběta
Current state: Aggressive and hostile behaviour of patients towards nurses in clinical practise is an alarming and common phenomenon that jeopardizes the safety and well-being of healthcare personnel. Objectives: The first objective of this thesis was to evaluate the number of adverse events in the "Behaviour of Individuals" category reported to the "National Portal for Reporting Adverse Events" during the period 2018-2021. The second objective was to assess the occurrence of aggressive behaviour of patients toward nurses in clinical practise. The third objective was to describe a spectrum of preventive nursing procedures that minimize the risk of aggressive behaviour of patients towards nurses. Methodology: The first research method involved a secondary analysis of statistical data from the National Portal for Reporting Adverse Events (ÚZIS ČR, 2022). The second research method utilized a quantitative study conducted through the administration of a standardized questionnaire called "Aggression of Patients towards Nurses in the Course of Their Profession (Lepiešová et al., 2015) ". This survey technique involved nurses from internal and surgical departments. Additionally, third research method was used, and it involved qualitative research through in-depth interviews with nursing care managers. Results: The results indicated that the most frequently reported event to the National portal of Reporting Adverse Events was category called "pressure ulcers ". The results of the qualitative study showed that patient aggression was not related to the field of care (p= 0.587). Furthermore, the results revealed that nurses with longer clinical experience encountered aggression from patients more frequently (p< 0,001). The results of the qualitative study described the most common preventive measures to minimize the risk of patient aggression towards nurses, including training and education of nurses and proper reporting of adverse events, addressing staff shortages, use of restraining measures and pharmacological interventions and appropriate communication with patients and their families. The hospital management prepares for the risk of patient aggression through staff training. Conclusion: The practical outcome of this diploma thesis is a set of recommendations for non-medical healthcare personnel.
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Principles of open and closed kinematic chains and their usage in rehabilitation
Hájek, Jiří ; Kučerová, Klára (advisor) ; Kurková, Simona (referee)
Bakalářská práce Princip otevřených a uzavřených kinematických řetězců a jeho využití v praxi 7 Abstract The terms open (OKC) and closed (CKC) kinematic (kinetic - OKIC and CKIC) chain are very often used in physiotherapy. However, this view has a problem in defining the chains. In theoretical part, we focused on definitions according to individual authors, publications and studies that mention the terms. Because the terms OKC and CKC are perceived very differently in the literature and many authors have adapted them to their image. Based on the acquired knowledge, we find the view of the kinematic chains to be insufficient, inconsistent and thus confusing. In the work, we focused on processing as many resources as possible with the given issue. In the practical part, we used a structured questionnaire focused on therapists in clinical practice. We asked how they use the terms OKC and CKC (resp. OKIC and CKIC) and what experience do they have with the terms in their clinical practice. The aim was to find out: to description of which situations are these terms used for and how the terms are used in different kinesiological situations. To what extent are they used in accordance with the definitions or to what extent they differ from them. Based on the results of the questionnaire and the mentioned literature...
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Attitudes of nurses in clinical workplaces towards nursing students
BOBKOVÁ, Veronika
The attitudes of nurses in clinical workplaces towards nursing students is important for quality teaching in students' practice, so in this work we will deal with this topic. Satisfaction on both sides, both on the part of nurses and on the part of the students in their practice in the clinical environment, is important. For this reason, we try to find out the most common problems in research and find solutions for them or specify the ideas of nurses and students. Main aim of thesis is to find out which attitude to the students of nursing care have nurses at clinical workplaces and to describe factors that influence the stand of nurses to those students at clinical workplaces while performing nursing care training. Five hypotheses have been set up. Quantitave survey has been used as the methodology of the thesis. Non-standardized questionnaires for nurses and students have been used. The questionnaires have been compiled based on studied resources, experience and knowledge resulting from clinical work experience. Questionnaire research of nurses was taking place 14. 1. 2022 to 11. 3. 2022. Students questionnaire research was taking place also from 14. 1. 2022 to 24. 3. 2022 from the reason of delay of returnability of questionnaires. The results suggest that the attitude of nurses in clinical workplaces towards nursing students is not different depending on the length of the nurses' practice, nor on the highest level of education attained. The attitude of nurses at clinical workplaces towards nursing students differs according to the workplace where the student's internship takes place. Factors that influence the attitude of nurses at clinical workplaces towards nursing students do not differ according to the clinical workplace, but differ according to the year in which the student is studying.
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Drugs used in clinical practice with the origin in plants
Šímová, Markéta ; Suchánková, Daniela (advisor) ; Pourová, Jana (referee)
Charles Univerzity, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical botany Author: Markéta Šímová Supervisor: PharmDr. Daniela Hulcová Ph.D. Title of thesis: Active substances used in clinical practice originating in plant sources Key words: active substance, plant source, development, analgesics, local anesthetics, antineoplastics, sympathomimetics, parasympathomimetics, parasympatholytics, antispasmodics. Since time immemorial, plants have been used to treat various diseases, but it is not known what is behind their healing effect. It managed to find out with the development of pharmacy and chemistry. The first substances were isolated and their mechanism of action was elucidated. It was found that the substances themselves have a better and more efficient effect than the mixture, but also a number of side effects. The effort of experts was to remove them, which managed to prepare a lot of derivatives and in many cases they had even higher effect. With the development of new technologies, synthetically produced substances have come to the fore and it is already forgotten that many clinically used drugs have their origins in nature. This thesis deals with substances that originate in plant sources and are used in clinical practice as medicinal...
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Practicing Nurses' View Of Nursing Students In The Context Of Clinical Practicum
Kovaříčková, Jolana ; Vaňková, Milena (advisor) ; Di Cara, Veronika (referee)
Irreplaceable role in preparing students for the future careers have nurses, who are accompanies their future colleagues during the teaching of nursing procedures and in adopting a role of nurse. The bachelor work deals with evaluations of qualified nurses of nursing students in the context of clinical practice. The basic research target is the expectation of the qualified nurses to the nursing students. There are sectional research targets and questions, which maps the strategies, which qualified nurses use for easier collaborate with nursing students in the context of nursing practice; identified nurse's ways and areas, which they used for evaluation of nursing students; analysed the nurse's opinion for independence of nursing students; evaluated the reaction of nurses for innovation, which are the part of the lessons of nursing students; analysed competence and characteristics, which nurses assume for their ideal of "good nurse". The research was based on a qualitative approach. The data were collected by using focus group. The research sample was based on combination of purpose and simple random selection method by using snowball. By the method of content analysis of open coding was formed some basic categories and subcategories. The final condition are categories, that deals with teaching...
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Person-Centered Approach in clinical practice
Dizon, Adam ; Adámková, Jana (advisor) ; Goldmann, Petr (referee)
This thesis explores the position of Person-Centred Approach (PCA) in the practice of Czech clinical psychologists and psychiatrists who went through the PCA psychotherapy training and they use this approach in their current clinical practice. The main principles of PCA theory (1), principles of biomedical model in which clinical practice is rooted (2) and the new forms of person-centred psychopathology and psychodiagnosis (3) are the theoretical background of the following research. Based on the qualitative analysis of five recorded interviews (three clinical psychologists, two psychiatrists) the experience of the respondents is organised as comprehensive concepts concerning various areas and topics of the clinical practice (diagnosis, psychotherapy, dealing with PCA, dealing with biomedical model, therapeutic relationship, relation to the profession). Several common mechanisms are identified in the concept's dynamics. Through these mechanisms Person-Centred Approach is applied in areas and activities mentioned. The concepts based on experience and the PCA application mechanisms enrich the theories and ongoing research of PCA practice in the Western mental health care. Key words: Person-Centred Approach, Client-Centred Therapy, psychiatry, clinical psychology, psychotherapy, psychodiagnosis,...
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The possibilities of application of the Roy and Neuman model in clinical practice in the 50+ generation.
HEJNOVÁ, Iveta
The 50+ generation has become an age group that is aging according to the statistical data and the number of individuals in this age category is rising. The aging process is accompanied by numerous physical, mental and social changes. As a consequence of these processes new and modified needs occur in these individuals, to which the provided care has to be adapted. We have linked this issue with conceptual models in nursing. This is because a conceptual model will help us integrate patient information into coherent and comprehensible blocks. An important goal of conceptual models is to simplify the work of nurses, who can see a patient as a whole thanks to them. We chose two models in relation to this issue, namely Calista Roy's model and Betty Neuman's model. We chose two research goals on the basis of the topic of the thesis. The first one was to map the knowledge of selected conceptual models among nurses. And the second goal was to find out the specifics of the nursing care in the 50+ group with the application of selected conceptual models from the point of view of nurses. We applied both, qualitative and quantitative methods to the research. Within the quantitative research we used a non-standardized questionnaire. In the qualitative part we applied the focus group method. Three hypotheses and one research question were set in relation to the research. We are able to confirm two of the three hypotheses. The statistical results have shown that the knowledge of the open-systems model and the adaptation model corresponds with the education of the respondents. Respondents with tertiary education show better knowledge of these models. On the other hand, no relation in taking the specifics in the satisfaction of the needs into account in the provision of nursing care in the 50+ generation was confirmed. A procedure for collection of the nursing anamnesis in the 50+ generation was created on the basis of the research. On the basis of this procedure we can enable healthcare staff to classify the patient information into logical systems and therefore to obtain a quality and comprehensive view of a patient. After the completion of the qualitative research we evaluated the proposals of our respondents for the theoretical as well as the practical part of the anamnesis collection. These respondents showed knowledge of the models. They most often criticized bad intelligibility or even redundancy of a question. Among benefits they named simplicity, reasonability and quality evaluation of the nursing care.
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