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Ethical and legal aspects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation focused on advance directives
Beranová, Stanislava ; Kopsa Těšinová, Jolana (advisor) ; Hocková, Jana (referee)
(v AJ) Introduction to the Issue: The diploma thesis deals with ethical and legal issues related to the provision of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, particularly the use of advance directive in intensive care units. Although advance directive have been part of legislation in medical practice for several years, they are not widely used. However, this document is crucial as it protects patient autonomy in situations where the patient cannot express their wishes and preferences. The use of this document in medical practice raises questions, especially regarding its content, accessibility, and adherence. Objective: The main goal of this thesis is to identify the ethical and legal aspects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, specifically in relation to patients advance directive. The study aims to understand how non-medical healthcare personnel perceive these aspects in intensive care units. Methodology: For the research investigation, a qualitative research method was chosen. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews with healthcare personnel from intensive care units. The obtained data were categorized using open coding after thorough analysis and anonymization. The results are presented using an undirected graph. The research section also includes continuous text containing individual codes and...
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New trends in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and their possible benefits for the treatment of patients in pre-hospital care
ŠKOLAUDY, Vojtěch
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a set of interrelated logical procedures that is essential for the survival of patients with sudden circulatory arrest. In recent decades, there have been significant advances in cardiopulmonary resuscitation methods and techniques, which have led to the development of new trends to potentially improve the outcomes of resuscitation efforts. The first aim of the bachelor thesis was to map new trends in cardiopulmonary resuscitation from the perspective of paramedics and the benefits of the trends for patients in pre-hospital emergency care. The second aim was to evaluate the differences between new and old trends in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The practical part was developed using two qualitative investigations. The first research investigation was carried out by means of semi-structured interviews with paramedics working at the South Bohemian Region Ambulance Service. The second research investigation was conducted using document analysis, which focused on the Guidelines documents from 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. In these documents, we focused on the development of trends and practices within cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The results of the first survey show that paramedics are sufficiently familiar with new trends in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A negative finding was that the general public does not use an automated external defibrillator in emergency resuscitation. Another negative finding was that although paramedics are professionally educated and trained, they have to consult a physician for administration of drugs during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The second research investigation shows that trends and practices in cardiopulmonary resuscitation now focus on early defibrillation and well-performed cardiac massage. Based on the results, the bachelor thesis can provide the differences between new and old trends and the perspective of paramedics on current trends.
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Knowledge of nurses about the prevention of sudden infant death syndrome
Šindlerová, Petra ; Tomová, Šárka (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
Sudden infant death syndrome is a timeless topic that, although it has been studied in sufficient depth, still represents an unexplained and unanswered problem in medicine. The aim of the work is to bring a comprehensive summary of the issue of sudden infant death syndrome and its prevention and to examine the knowledge of nurses regarding knowledge of this issue and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in infants. Another goal was to compare the level of knowledge found among nurses in selected departments. The bachelor thesis has two parts. The theoretical part is focused on basic information about sudden infant death syndrome, current recommendations regarding prevention and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The practical part includes quantitative research of its own construction in the form of questionnaire survey focused on nurses' knowledge of sudden infant death syndrome, its prevention, and knowledge of first aid in the event of the need to start cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The research survey was carried out in neonatology departments and the results of the questionnaire survey are shown in graphic overviews, the obtained data are statistically processed, and the analysis of the survey results is presented in the discussion. In the research investigation, it was shown that the level of...
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Prevention of sudden unexpected postnatal collapse of the newborn from the perspective of pregnant women and delivery room nursing staff caring for the newborn
MAŘINCOVÁ, Lucie
SUPC can occur in any newborn regardless of gender. Most often, this collapse occurs in the first two hours of a newborn's life during the so-called skin-to-skin contact that takes place immediately after birth in the delivery room. If the nursing staff caring for the newborn in the delivery room monitor the newborn's physiological functions throughout the skin-to-skin contact and educate the parents about the safe conduct of skin-to-skin contact in the delivery room and the subsequent care of the newborn, the incidence of this collapse can be greatly reduced. In the theoretical part of the thesis, we describe the latest knowledge about SUPC, anatomy of postpartum adaptation, first treatment of the newborn, possible causes of SUPC, risk factors from both the newborn and the mother. Furthermore, we discuss education by the pediatric nurse in the prevention of SUPC and last but not least we describe cardiopulmonary resuscitation of the newborn. The practical part is an evaluation of the research investigation, which included two research samples. The research itself was conducted both qualitatively and quantitatively. The aim of the qualitative investigation was to describe the roles of delivery room nursing staff in the prevention of SUPC. The aim of the quantitative investigation was to map pregnant women's awareness of SUPC and neonatal first aid.
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Hypothermia from the point of view of a paramedic
ŠTĚCHOVÁ, Karolina
Theme of bachelor thesis is a hypothermia from a look of the Emergency Medical Service, (paramedic). The theoretical part of this thesis focuses on the main causes of hypothermia, physiological and anatomic knowledge about a skin, diagnostic hypothermia, procedure in the pre-hospital emergency care, cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a patient with hypothermia and the subsequent intensive care. In the practical part of the thesis, we set one goal and three research questions too.This bachelor thesis maps the awareness of paramedics about the issue of hypothermia. The first research question is aimed at ensuring that the members of Emergency Medical Service (or paramedics) have a sufficient theoretical knowledge of hypothermia.The second research question is focused on the general knowledge of the Emergency Medical Service on specific cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a patient with hypothermia.The third research question examines the paramedics´ expertise in the subsequent intensive care of a patient with hypothermia. The practical part of the thesis consists of a semi-structured interview with twelve paramedics from the South Bohemian Region.The interview included 23 questions. For better orientation, were results seperated to 12 categories.The goal of the bachelor thesis was accomplished thanks to answering all questions related to the research. Paramedics Responders have some knowledge about the topic of hypothermia but it is important to provide more information about the specifics of pharmacotherapy during cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a patient with hypothermia.I rate the research questions about intensive care very positively. This bachelor thesis could be used as a basis for educating students of non-medical pharmaceutical specializations in the future.
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Telephone Assisted Immediate Adult Patient Resuscitation by Emergency Medical Dispatcher
BARTL, David
This bachelor's thesis deals with Telephone Assisted Immediate Adult Patient Resuscitation by Emergency Medical Dispatcher. This thesis was divided into two parts. The first part was theoretical and the second part was practical. The main focus of the theoretical part was on medical emergency service and medical operations centre. Heart anatomy and cardiac arrest are also mentioned in this thesis, as well as problematics of an urgent resuscitation, chain of survival and telephone-assisted immediate resuscitation. The second part was the research part. Two research questions and two objectives were established in this part. First objective was to map knowledge of dispatchers of a medical operations centre in telephone-assisted immediate resuscitation. Second objective was to map how dispatchers of a medical operations centre proceed in provision of telephone-assisted immediate resuscitation. Semi-structured interview method was performed in the practical part of this thesis. Sample consisted of 10 dispatchers of the Regional medical operations centre of the South Bohemian Region who were asked 27 questions. For the sake of clarity, collected data were divided into 14 categories and processed into tables. Work objectives were fulfilled and research questions were answered. Research showed that dispatchers have stronger theoretical knowledge of telephone-assisted immediate resuscitation management of an adult patient, rather than of a pediatric patient. Research also mapped out the procedure of telephone-assisted immediate resuscitation of each individual responder. Results are rather positive.
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Cardiopulmonary emergency resuscitation by the general public
SOKOLT, Jakub
The thesis focuses on the problematic of providing cardiopulmonary emergency resuscitation by general public. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with identification of sudden cardiac arrest and most common causes of it. Furthermore, it deals with emergency resuscitation, first aid principles and emergency calls. Great emphasis is placed on the recommended practices for emergency resuscitation in adults and in child with cardiac arrest. Recommended practices focus, among other things, on the speciffic situations such as airway obstruction and drowning. The last theoretical part of thesis deals with the automated external defibrillator (further AED) and its operation by lay rescuer. The empirical part pursues two objectives. The first one is to map the knowledge of cardiopulmonary emergency resuscitation in adult patients. The second objective is to map the knowledge of cardiopulmonary emergency resuscitation in child patients. For the empirical part of the thesis the qualitative research in the form of semi-structured interviews was chosen. The research sample was made up of 8 non-selected members of the general public in the area of South Bohemian Region and Vysočina Region. Results were then categorized into 13 categories. Results show that questioned general public has significant shortcomings in recommended Basic life support practices. All questioned informants agreed they would welcome educational programs which would increase the knowledge of Basic life support practices of lay people.
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The patient healing hemodialysis at home by the paramedic´s perspective
KŘIVÁNEK, Martin
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the issue of domestic haemodialysis with special attention to the role of paramedics in dealing with acute problems associated with this procedure. The work is intended as theoretical, without the author´s own research. It aims at reviewing treatment options for kidney failure, describing the principle of home haemodialysis, its benefits and disadvantages for patients and their families. Special attention is paid both to potential risks brought about by this method of dialysing blood and to ways of addressing the complications from the perspective of pre-hospital care. To achieve its goals, the work outlines and compares current attitudes towards these issues both in this country and abroad. Its introductory part summarizes the structure and functions of kidneys, the most frequent causes of renal diseases as well as their possible therapies. Further on, it introduces in greater details both general and specific procedures applied by emergency medical squads in case of complications during domestic haemodialysis. The main scientific contribution of the work consists in the very synthesis of the present knowledge and methods of treatment and - at the same time - in defining the so far unresolved issues. The part of the thesis devoted to home haemodialysis, which still represents a relatively rarely used method, underlines particularly the fact that emergency medical procedures responding to specific complications connected with this treatment have not been sufficiently defined yet. The thesis therefore comes to the conclusion that paramedics facing acute problems associated with domestic haemodialysis have to rely mainly on general procedures determined for providing pre-hospital care. That is why this field still remains open for further theoretical research. Detailed potential practical steps aimed specifically at complications during home haemodialysis are in demand as well.
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Level of knowledge of members of the Fire Rescue Service of the South Bohemian Region and the Police of the Czech Republic in the South Bohemian Region in the field of providing first aid in the case of emergency
TUREČKOVÁ, Lucie
The diploma thesis offers an insight into the issues of first aid. The theoretical part describes the history of first aid, its legal basis and the distribution of first aid. Furthermore, the thesis describes the general procedure for providing first aid, the principles of safety in providing first aid and basic examination of the affected person's health are mentioned. The next chapter of this paper is devoted to dangerous injuries and conditions and their treatment. This chapter is followed by a description and solution to an emergency with a large number of injured. For psychological support is often needed at the scene of an emergency, a chapter on first psychological assistance is added into the thesis. The last chapters of the thesis are devoted to the Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic and the Police of the Czech Republic. The research part of the diploma thesis defines the methods and goals of own research and the results, which are then discussed in the discussion. The main goal of the thesis was to find out whether members of the Fire Rescue Service of the South Bohemian Region and members of the Police of the Czech Republic in the South Bohemian Region have sufficient knowledge in the field of first aid at the scene of an emergency. Part of this goal was also to answer research questions: Does the knowledge of members of the Fire Rescue Service of the South Bohemian Region reach 90% in the given issue? Does the knowledge of members of the Police of the Czech Republic in the South Bohemian Region reach the same level as the knowledge of members of the Fire Rescue Service of the South Bohemian Region in the given issue? To determine this information, a questionnaire survey was used, in which a total of 125 members of the surveyed units participated. The research has revealed that the knowledge of members of the Fire Rescue Service of the South Bohemian Region does not reach the necessary limits and is therefore low. The knowledge of members of the Police of the Czech Republic in the South Bohemian Region reaches a lower level than the knowledge of members of the Fire Rescue Service of the South Bohemian Region.
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