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Utilisation of the double bond in the synthesis of new types of molecular photoswitches applicable in biological systems
Bartošová, Aneta ; Ivanová, Lucia (referee) ; Cigánek, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the synthesis and characterization of new advanced organic molecules with the utilization of the structure motive of the double bond for purposes of application as molecular photoswitches. The theoretical part of the thesis introduces the types of molecules, their characterization and the comparison of fundamental isomers. In the next, section, the mechanisms of isomerization are presented, synthesis via cross-coupling reaction, comparison of advantages and disadvantages of methods and possible application of these molecules in medicine, biological systems and in material chemistry. In the experimental part of the thesis, the multistep synthesis of two final derivatives with an imine bond is described, which can possibly secure the application of these original materials like molecular photoswitches.
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Utilisation of the double bond in the synthesis of new types of molecular photoswitches applicable in biological systems
Bartošová, Aneta ; Ivanová, Lucia (referee) ; Cigánek, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the synthesis and characterization of new advanced organic molecules with the utilization of the structure motive of the double bond for purposes of application as molecular photoswitches. The theoretical part of the thesis introduces the types of molecules, their characterization and the comparison of fundamental isomers. In the next, section, the mechanisms of isomerization are presented, synthesis via cross-coupling reaction, comparison of advantages and disadvantages of methods and possible application of these molecules in medicine, biological systems and in material chemistry. In the experimental part of the thesis, the multistep synthesis of two final derivatives with an imine bond is described, which can possibly secure the application of these original materials like molecular photoswitches.
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Macrocycles and complexation of large metal cations
Faltejsek, Jan ; Hermann, Petr (advisor) ; Drahoš, Bohuslav (referee)
In the last years, radioisotopes of heavy elements from the bottom of the Periodic Table have been increasingly used in nuclear medicine with focus on alpha-therapy. These large metal ions demand ligands fulfilling their special requirements. Complexes of polyazamacrocyclic ligands have been used in radiomedicine for a long time as diagnostic and therapeutic agents. This work aims to con- tribute to understanding of coordination chemistry of large macrocycles toward large metal ions. Thus, this work deals with structural studies, formation and decomplexation kinetics of Ln(III)-H4pyta complexes employing X-ray solid-state and solution NMR/UV-Vis spectroscopic data. The H4pyta is a 18-membered hexaazamacrocycle formed by two pyridine units and four amine groups which are modified with four acetate pendant arms. In the solid state, several isomeric complexes were structu- rally characterized. Large Ln(III) ions form decacoordinated species with two and two acetates on each side of the macrocyclic N6-plane. Small Ln(III) binds the ligand in a nonadentate fashion with one pendant non-coordinated. In the middle of lanthanide series, both isomers were characterized for several Ln(III) ions. Formation of the complexes takes place in a three-step mechanism with fast formation of an out-of-cage intermediate...
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Shape selectivity of ADOR zeolites in gas-phase m-xylene isomerisation
Remperová, Natália ; Mazur, Michal (advisor) ; Kubička, David (referee)
Zeolites are microporous crystalline aluminosilicates. They are used as catalysts due to their acidity, shape selectivity, high surface area, high thermal, and chemical stability. New types of zeolitic materials are of interests as catalysts for various reactions. Isomerisation of m-xylene is sensitive to shape and dimensionality of pores, thus it is excellent model reaction for zeolites characterisation. The aim of this thesis is to investigate shape selectivity effects of isoreticular zeolites on the catalytic performance in m-xylene isomerisation. Isoreticular zeolites have the same crystalline layers connected in various way resulting in different, tuneable pore systems. The catalytic behaviour of the studied zeolites was compared to commercial ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts. Isoreticular zeolites were prepared via ADOR method. This new method is a top-down approach for zeolite synthesis providing materials with preserved crystalline layers, but different channel systems. Parent Al-UTL (14- and 12-ring channels) zeolite was prepared via hydrothermal synthesis. This material was utilised for the synthesis of daughter zeolites with various channel systems: Al-IPC-7 (14- and 12-ring, as well as 12- and 10-ring channels), Al-IPC-2 (12- and 10-ring channels), Al-IPC-6 (12- and 10-ring, as well as 10- and...
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