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Biogenesis and function of nuclear iron-sulfur proteins
Panova, Ekaterina ; Benda, Martin (advisor) ; Smutná, Tamara (referee)
Iron-sulfur clusters are important inorganic cofactors of many cellular reactions, including those that occur in the nucleus. Nuclear iron-sulfur proteins play an important role in DNA replication, genome repair, and maintenance of genome stability. The biosynthesis of these iron-sulfur clusters is initiated in the mitochondria by the iron-sulfur cluster assembly pathway (ISC), continues in the cytosol by the cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly pathway (CIA), and ends with the incorporation of the clusters into target apoproteins such as polymerases, primases, helicases, endonucleases, or glycosylases. This bachelor thesis summarizes current knowledge about the pathways of iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis, the functions of nuclear iron-sulfur proteins, and the role of the clusters in these proteins, including the phenotypes and clinical manifestations caused by the absence of iron-sulfur clusters. Keywords: iron-sulfur clusters, metalloproteins, nucleus, DNA replication, DNA repair
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The role of iron in the metabolism of the amoeba Naegleria gruberi
Ženíšková, Kateřina ; Konvalinka, Jan (advisor) ; Hlouchová, Klára (referee)
Iron is a biogenic trace element that is vital for all organisms on the planet Earth. This element occurs in biological systems in the form of Fe3+ and Fe2+. These two forms are often incorporated in heme structures or iron-sulfur clusters. Proteins containing iron ions have a wide range of functions in organisms. The main functions include the transport of electrons in the respiratory chain (Rieske's proteins, cytochromes), DNA synthesis (ribonucleotide reductase) and the participation in the Krebs' cycle (aconitase, succinate dehydrogenase). Naegleria gruberi is a nonpathogenic amoeba known for its pathogenic relative Naegleria fowleri. This organism causes the primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. An interesting fact about Naegleria gruberi genome is that it contains genes for both aerobic and anaerobic metabolisms. The purpose of my bachelor work was to investigate the effect of availability of iron ions on metabolism in Naegleria gruberi. Changes in the activities of enzymes from different metabolic pathways were studied including lactate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, Fe- hydrogenase, aconitase and fumarase. The most significant changes were observed in the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase and Fe-hydrogenase. Key words: Iron, heme, iron-sulfur clusters, availability of iron ions,...
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Iron metabolism of parasitic protist Trypanosoma brucei
Krejbichová, Lucie ; Mach, Jan (advisor) ; Pyrih, Jan (referee)
Trypanosoma brucei is a parasite most frequently occurring in Sub-Saharan Africa that causes sleeping sickness in humans and various similar illnesses in animals. The bloodsucking tsetse flies (Glossina) transfer the parasite to humans, their final hosts. Throughout its complex life cycle, Trypanosoma occurs in different environments and undergoes various morphological and metabolic changes. Iron is an important element for all living organisms, including Trypanosoma. The metal plays a crucial role in the host-parasite interaction since trypanosomes are dependent on the iron they acquire from the host or vector. Trypanosomes use iron in metabolic reactions, such as energy metabolism, respiration, nucleic acid synthesis, detoxification, and cellular homeostasis. It is an important element in the synthesis of iron-sulfur clusters which function as cofactors during the above-mentioned reactions. The understanding of iron metabolism in the cell can facilitate the development of new medicaments, an example being iron chelators.
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The role of iron in the metabolism of the amoeba Naegleria gruberi
Ženíšková, Kateřina ; Konvalinka, Jan (advisor) ; Hlouchová, Klára (referee)
Iron is a biogenic trace element that is vital for all organisms on the planet Earth. This element occurs in biological systems in the form of Fe3+ and Fe2+. These two forms are often incorporated in heme structures or iron-sulfur clusters. Proteins containing iron ions have a wide range of functions in organisms. The main functions include the transport of electrons in the respiratory chain (Rieske's proteins, cytochromes), DNA synthesis (ribonucleotide reductase) and the participation in the Krebs' cycle (aconitase, succinate dehydrogenase). Naegleria gruberi is a nonpathogenic amoeba known for its pathogenic relative Naegleria fowleri. This organism causes the primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. An interesting fact about Naegleria gruberi genome is that it contains genes for both aerobic and anaerobic metabolisms. The purpose of my bachelor work was to investigate the effect of availability of iron ions on metabolism in Naegleria gruberi. Changes in the activities of enzymes from different metabolic pathways were studied including lactate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, Fe- hydrogenase, aconitase and fumarase. The most significant changes were observed in the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase and Fe-hydrogenase. Key words: Iron, heme, iron-sulfur clusters, availability of iron ions,...
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