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Analysis of temperature and humidity processes in intensive vegetation roof layers
Sukopová, Dáša ; Solař, Jaroslav (referee) ; Mohelníková, Jitka (referee) ; Vlček, Milan (advisor)
The presented dissertation deals with the analysis of temperature and humidity processes taking place in the layers of an intensive vegetation roof with a larger layer of soil - the roof garden. The aim of my dissertation is to provide more accurate information for the design of the roof covering using the properties and benefits of the vegetation layer of the roof garden. One of the most important advantages of roof gardens is the cooling effect of the vegetation formation in the hot summer season. The work also deals with the idea of wider use of roof gardens for the so-called rooftop farming, which is becoming more and more popular in the world. Otherwise, unused roof areas can make up for the lack of areas for gardens, which are especially lacking in big cities.
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Dynamika růstu buku lesního (Fagus sylvatica L.) ve smíšeném lese a monokultuře ve Východních Karpatech
Vyčítalová, Hana
The study observes the difference in the growth dynamics of common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in monocultures and in stands with admixture of conifers like Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) and/or Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) in the Eastern Carpathians. Point dendrometers and soil humidity sensors were used for measurement of tree growth and water availability that took place near the Râșca in the Suceava region. Out of the growing season, hemispherical ("fish-eye") images were also taken to evaluate canopy openness. Mixed models were used for the statistical evaluation of the data. Negative effect of increasing the percentage of conifers in the stand on growth and the maximum growth rate of beech was found insignifficant, which give an evidence of beeches strong competitive ability in habitats with favorable conditions. However, a negative effect of a higher admixture percentage of conifers on the availability of water in the soil was signifficant, probably due to higher interception, which indicates possible problems when growing beech with a high admixture of conifers in drought-prone locations. The growth rate was highest at the turn of June and July, which refers to the dependence of beech growth dynamics on the solar cycle and indicates that drought could have the strongest negative impact on growth in the period around the summer solstice. On the basis of the obtained results, beech silviculture could be recommended with only a small admixture of conifers, and the admixture of other deciduous trees should be preferred in order to reduce the interception of the stand
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Effect of canopy interception on snow accumulation at selected alpine localities in the Czech Republic
Nedělčev, Ondřej ; Jeníček, Michal (advisor) ; Falátková, Kristýna (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyzes the impact of canopy interception on snow accumulation. In the first part of the thesis, available literature about interception of snowfall on forest canopy is reviewed. In the second part of thesis, the reader is acquainted with the analysis concerning the effects of forest cover on snow accumulation. The thesis compares snow water equivalent under forest stands with different canopy density, under a disturbed forest due to bark beetle forest with snow water equivalent in adjacent open areas. Snow water equivalent in accumulation period in forest is 28% lower than snow water equivalent in open area. Ratio of snow water equivalent in forest to snow water equivalent in open area during accumulation period does not significantly change. Linear regression was used to describe the relationship between snow water equivalent and canopy density. The findings obtained from the regression show that snow water equivalent decreases with increasing canopy density.
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Variabilita podkorunových srážek ve smrkovém porostu
Smrček, Jan
This paper deals with variability of throughfall in spruce stand (Picea abies (L.) Karst) at the age thirty-nine years. The research was performed at the experimental plot situated 620 m above the sea level and its surface was 625 m2. The throughfall precipitation variability was evaluated by twenty-five rain gauges placed in the stand and compared to rainfalls in the meteorological tower. Subsequently, the structure of the stand was measured using a hemiview photograph and a leaf area index, and the throughfall was evaluated against it. Data were processed in the EXCEL and STATISTICA programs. It has been found that the degree of openness and density of the stand directly affects the precipitaion falling under the stand. It has also been found that the highest precipitation is at the point of tree crowns with contact.
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Local scale variability of new snow depth
Valdhansová, Klára ; Jeníček, Michal (advisor) ; Matějka, Ondřej (referee)
Vegetation has an important effect on the catchment water balance, especially due to its influence on snow acccumulation and snow melt. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to evaluate how the canopy structure influences the new snow depth variability, while emphasis is put on the interception process. The snow depth data obtained by field measurements in the Ptačí brook experimental catchment in the Šumava Mountains were analysed using the Natural Neighbor interpolation method and regression analysis. The thesis is focused on evaluating the new snow depth variability in relation to differences in the canopy structure described by the Leaf Area Index. The measurements were carried out in four study plots covered with healthy forest, disturbed forest affeted by the bark beetle, open area and mixed area, which consists of all three types. The results showed, that average snow depth is by 45% lower in healthy forest and by 18% lower in disturbed forest compared to open area. The variability of new snow depth was largest in plot with mixed vegetation during maximum snow accumulation. On the contrary, the snow depth variability was lowest in open area. key words: interception, snow depth, Leaf Area Index, linear regression
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Relationship of assimilation of forest stands to interception in selected watersheds
Macounová, Kristina ; Vlček, Lukáš (advisor) ; Chuman, Tomáš (referee)
The main topic of the submitted bachelor thesis is the assessment of the leaf area index (LAI) by means of hemispherical photographs. Its text is also occupied with the interception as the additional use of hemispherical scanning. The measurements took place in several forest stands. The territories of interest are situated in the catching basin of the brook Rokytka in the Czech National Park Šumava, in the Tetřivčí potok (Grouse Creek) surroundings, in the contiguity of the village Zbytiny (Prachatice district) and in the German National Park Bayerischer Wald. The text includes characterization of habitats in which the field measurements were carried out, and describes the measurement techniques. Key words: Leaf area index (LAI), interception, hemispherical photographs, fisheye
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Effect of canopy interception on snow accumulation at selected alpine localities in the Czech Republic
Nedělčev, Ondřej ; Jeníček, Michal (advisor) ; Falátková, Kristýna (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyzes the impact of canopy interception on snow accumulation. In the first part of the thesis, available literature about interception of snowfall on forest canopy is reviewed. In the second part of thesis, the reader is acquainted with the analysis concerning the effects of forest cover on snow accumulation. The thesis compares snow water equivalent under forest stands with different canopy density, under a disturbed forest due to bark beetle forest with snow water equivalent in adjacent open areas. Snow water equivalent in accumulation period in forest is 28% lower than snow water equivalent in open area. Ratio of snow water equivalent in forest to snow water equivalent in open area during accumulation period does not significantly change. Linear regression was used to describe the relationship between snow water equivalent and canopy density. The findings obtained from the regression show that snow water equivalent decreases with increasing canopy density.
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