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Risky Behaviour of Injecting Drug Users in Prison Settings
Šklubalová, Markéta ; Grohmannová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Broža, Jiří (referee)
Risky behaviour in prison is very frequently international theme in last twenty years. Epidemic situation in some foreign prisons, which involved IDU too, asked for details studies and introduction certain measure. There are missing quality researches and good knowledge about this area in czech setting. The goal of my bachelor work is to probe into this problem. I want to find out the information about incarcerated persons, especially if they show some types of risky behaviours and if duration of the punishment and using patterns before incarceration influence these behaviours. I use a method of a quantitative research, the questionnaires. My research was realized in 2010 between active drug users released from prison. There are 22 respondents in my research so it is not possible to generalize acquired data. I recommend next continuing in this study, especially linking-up with more institutions and raise funds for extensive study.
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Beating Intracellular Bacterial Infections with Polymeric Nanobead-Based Interventions: Development, Structure Characterization, and Analysis
Trousil, Jiří ; Hrubý, Martin (advisor) ; Záruba, Kamil (referee) ; Kročová, Zuzana (referee)
One hundred years after the discovery of antimicrobials and antibiotics, intracellular bacterial pathogens remain a major cause of global morbidity and mortality. This is due to the complex and intricate ability of these pathogens to undergo intracellular replication while evading host cell immune defense. Bacterial agents such as Legionella pneumophila, Francisella tularensis, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as the causative agents of Legionnaires' disease, pulmonary tularemia, and tuberculosis (TB), respectively, contribute to this burden. Moreover, these agents are weaponizable pathogens due to their aerosolizability. TB represents a global health problem, although a potentially curative therapy has been available for approximately 50 years; this intracellular disease affects approximately 1 in 3 people worldwide, with over 10 million new cases per year and one death every three minutes. TB can usually be treated with a 6- to 9-month course of combined therapy. The necessity of using a cocktail of anti-TB drugs and the long-term treatment schedules required for conventional therapy, however, result in poor patient compliance; therefore, the risk of treatment failure and relapses is higher. Hence, improved drug delivery strategies for the existing drugs can be exploited to shorten the duration of TB...
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Beating Intracellular Bacterial Infections with Polymeric Nanobead-Based Interventions: Development, Structure Characterization, and Analysis
Trousil, Jiří ; Hrubý, Martin (advisor) ; Záruba, Kamil (referee) ; Kročová, Zuzana (referee)
One hundred years after the discovery of antimicrobials and antibiotics, intracellular bacterial pathogens remain a major cause of global morbidity and mortality. This is due to the complex and intricate ability of these pathogens to undergo intracellular replication while evading host cell immune defense. Bacterial agents such as Legionella pneumophila, Francisella tularensis, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as the causative agents of Legionnaires' disease, pulmonary tularemia, and tuberculosis (TB), respectively, contribute to this burden. Moreover, these agents are weaponizable pathogens due to their aerosolizability. TB represents a global health problem, although a potentially curative therapy has been available for approximately 50 years; this intracellular disease affects approximately 1 in 3 people worldwide, with over 10 million new cases per year and one death every three minutes. TB can usually be treated with a 6- to 9-month course of combined therapy. The necessity of using a cocktail of anti-TB drugs and the long-term treatment schedules required for conventional therapy, however, result in poor patient compliance; therefore, the risk of treatment failure and relapses is higher. Hence, improved drug delivery strategies for the existing drugs can be exploited to shorten the duration of TB...
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Risky Behaviour of Injecting Drug Users in Prison Settings
Šklubalová, Markéta ; Grohmannová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Broža, Jiří (referee)
Risky behaviour in prison is very frequently international theme in last twenty years. Epidemic situation in some foreign prisons, which involved IDU too, asked for details studies and introduction certain measure. There are missing quality researches and good knowledge about this area in czech setting. The goal of my bachelor work is to probe into this problem. I want to find out the information about incarcerated persons, especially if they show some types of risky behaviours and if duration of the punishment and using patterns before incarceration influence these behaviours. I use a method of a quantitative research, the questionnaires. My research was realized in 2010 between active drug users released from prison. There are 22 respondents in my research so it is not possible to generalize acquired data. I recommend next continuing in this study, especially linking-up with more institutions and raise funds for extensive study.
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Importance of childhood immunization coverage control
CHOCHOLOVÁ, Barbora
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of vaccination coverage among children. Vaccination in the Czech Republic has a long tradition and represents a very effective protection of children and adults not only against infectious diseases, but also against their consequences. It also prevents the development of infectious diseases. Vaccination is one of the most successful preventive methods that affect the health of individuals and the whole population. Vaccination is also very important for unvaccinated individuals. If the population reaches a high level of vaccination coverage, the spread of infection between vaccinated individuals is interrupted which significantly reduces the risk of transmission of infection to unvaccinated individuals as well. Vaccination thus protects also those who cannot be vaccinated because of illness, decreased immunity or other reasons. Currently, however, there are some opinions which question the usefulness and importance of compulsory vaccination. An increasing number of those who refuse vaccination occur due to the increased accessibility of the Internet and social networks, where we can notice a growing amount of information to the disadvantage of vaccination. The most common reason for refusing vaccination is the belief that some vaccinations are not necessary. The thesis is divided into two main parts - theoretical and practical. The first theoretical chapter contains an introduction to the issue of vaccination. In the following part of my thesis I deal with the system of vaccination in the Czech Republic, its planning, organization and control, and the role of public health protection authorities. The following chapter deals with the importance and division of vaccination and kinds of vaccines. The thesis is also focused on the diseases which are vaccinated against under mandatory vaccination scheme. At present mandatory vaccination in the Czech Republic includes vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, rubella, mumps, measles, transmissible polio, hepatitis B and invasive diseases caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b. Vaccination especially against tick-borne encephalitis, hepatitis A, diseases caused by pneumococci and invasive meningococcal disease is recommended. Last but not least, I also mention contraindications for vaccination and the adverse reactions after the vaccination. In the next chapter of the theoretical part I write about the implementation of vaccination and the control management of vaccination coverage in the Czech Republic. In conclusion of the theoretical part I deal with the issue of vaccination opponents and their reasons for refusing vaccination.
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