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Possibilities of removing odors on the sewer network
Šlechtová, Tereza ; Malaník,, Stanislav (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to research the possibilities of an odor regulation in a sewerage system. The first part of the thesis is devoted to legislation in sewege odor problematics. The second part includes description of the cause of the odor and methodology related to a hydrogen sulfide elimination either from sewerage atmosphere or straight from waste water. The next part examines the results of a survey, which was given to operators of the sewerage system. The survey examined the cause of an odor, its control and possible solutions of an odor in a sewerage system. Practical part is devoted to a given geographical area, where these problems have occurred the past. In this area the measuring of hydrogen sulfide presence took place by adding chemicals into waste water. From the collected data an evaluation was made. This can serve as a possible recommendation to sewege operators.
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Eliminating odors in the sewer network
Novotný, Jiří ; Malaník,, Stanislav (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The diploma thesis focusses on the elimination of odor in the sewer system. Firstly, the paper contains the research in problematics of the origin, control and risks of the hydrogen sulfide for humans as well as for the sewer system. Secondly, the paper describes methods for hydrogen sulfide removal from water, air and in addition to that the selected sorbents are described in detail. Practical part deals with sorbent testing for hydrogen sulfide removal in laboratory environment. The practical part also follows up the odor in the particular area through sorption on sewer filters. From the measured data and from the results of the laboratory analyzes the consequences of the odor are evaluated and recommendations for the operator are presented.
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Endogenně produkovaný sulfan v reprodukčním traktu samice ve vztahu k fertilizaci
BRICHCÍN, Jiří
The discovery of the mechanisms responsible for the proper process of fertilization and early embryonic development helps in the development of assisted human reproduction and technologies in livestock breeding. One of the regulatory mechanisms involved in reproduction is the gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide, whose cellular signaling in germ cells is not fully described yet. According to the hypothesis, hydrogen sulfide is released in the female reproductive tract, where it physiologically affects sperm and is necessary for fertilization and the development of pronuclei. The aim was to verify the expression of hydrogen sulfide-releasing enzymes and the existence of a time-space gradient of hydrogen sulfide within the estrous cycle of the mouse (time axis) and to compare the expression profile of the fallopian tube ampulla and uterotubal junction (space axis). The experiments were performed on a laboratory mouse model (Mus musculus). The expression of hydrogen sulfide-releasing enzymes was studied by western blot. Hydrogen sulfide production was determined by colorimetry. The role of hydrogen sulfide in the fertilization process was studied by in vitro fertilization with hydrogen sulfide donor-treated sperm and by immunocytochemical staining of the zygotes. The expression of the known hydrogen sulfide-releasing enzymes, i.e. cystathionine--lyase (CTH), cystathionine-ß-synthase (CBS), and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MPST), was detected within the ovary and fallopian tube. Any enzymes did not show statistically significant differences in estrus and diestrus expression. Moreover, analogous results were found in the spatial axis; both the fallopian tube and the uterotubal junction expressed CTH, CBS, and 3-MPST enzymes, but no statistical differences were noted. Also, this applies to the production of hydrogen sulfide by these tissues. The effect of hydrogen sulfide on the fertilization process was analyzed according to lamin B1, a paternal pronucleus development marker. The performed analysis did not confirm the influence of the hydrogen sulfide donor on the development of the zygote pronuclei. The work showed that hydrogen sulfide is enzymatically released by the tissues of the female reproductive tract, regardless of the phase of the estrous cycle or the location in the fallopian tube. There is assumed a physiological influence of maternal-born hydrogen sulfide to sperm, which is capable of fertilization and leads to pronuclei development.
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Possibilities of removing odors on the sewer network
Šlechtová, Tereza ; Malaník,, Stanislav (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to research the possibilities of an odor regulation in a sewerage system. The first part of the thesis is devoted to legislation in sewege odor problematics. The second part includes description of the cause of the odor and methodology related to a hydrogen sulfide elimination either from sewerage atmosphere or straight from waste water. The next part examines the results of a survey, which was given to operators of the sewerage system. The survey examined the cause of an odor, its control and possible solutions of an odor in a sewerage system. Practical part is devoted to a given geographical area, where these problems have occurred the past. In this area the measuring of hydrogen sulfide presence took place by adding chemicals into waste water. From the collected data an evaluation was made. This can serve as a possible recommendation to sewege operators.
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Eliminating odors in the sewer network
Novotný, Jiří ; Malaník,, Stanislav (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The diploma thesis focusses on the elimination of odor in the sewer system. Firstly, the paper contains the research in problematics of the origin, control and risks of the hydrogen sulfide for humans as well as for the sewer system. Secondly, the paper describes methods for hydrogen sulfide removal from water, air and in addition to that the selected sorbents are described in detail. Practical part deals with sorbent testing for hydrogen sulfide removal in laboratory environment. The practical part also follows up the odor in the particular area through sorption on sewer filters. From the measured data and from the results of the laboratory analyzes the consequences of the odor are evaluated and recommendations for the operator are presented.
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Effect of sodium sulfide on the propreties of model globine-coupled heme-containing sensor proteins
Bartošová, Martina ; Martínková, Markéta (advisor) ; Man, Petr (referee)
Hydrogen sulfide mediates various physiological functions and along with carbon monoxide and nitric oxide it is an important gaseous signaling molecule. Cellular targets for H2S are proteins, enzymes, transcriptional factors or ion channels. In many cases, the effect of H2S on the regulatory protein is mediated by modifications of its cystein residues. In hemeproteins, the regulation of catalytic activity is induced by formation of the Fe(III)-SH complex or by reduction of the heme iron with subsequent formation of Fe(II)-O2 complex. The effect of Na2S on model sensor heme-containing proteins is presented in this thesis. Protein, isolated from bacterium Anaeromyxobacter sp. strain FW109-5, containing a globine coupled sensor domain and a histidine kinase domain is one of the studied proteins, the second one is protein isolated from bacterium Escherichie coli, containing a globine coupled sensor domain and a diguanylate cyclase domain. The effect of Na2S on both model proteins and their mutants was studied by UV-Vis spectral analysis. Spectra of YddV-HD Y43A were very unique, because thery confirmed formation of a homogenous complex Fe(III)-SH in this protein, whereas only mixtures of varous heme complexes were detected in other tested proteins. Additionally the effect of Na2S on functional domain...
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The metabolism and signaling of hydrogen sulfide: the role of CBS-related proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans
Vozdek, Roman ; Kožich, Viktor (advisor) ; Macůrková, Marie (referee) ; Jiráček, Jiří (referee)
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a toxic gas that causes respiratory failure and death at high concentrations, but at low concentrations, it functions as a signaling molecule in vasodilation and neuromodulation, and it protects cells and tissues from reperfusion injury, hypoxia, hyperglycemia and endothelial dysfunction. Several model organisms have been used to study the physiological roles and signaling pathways of H2S. The roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans is a remarkable model for studying the physiology, developmental biology and signaling of H2S; however, the metabolism of H2S in this animal is largely unknown. Cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) is one of three H2S-producing enzymes in mammals. Notably, C. elegans possesses 6 genes that encode proteins homologous to CBS, namely cbs- 1, cbs-2, cysl-1, cysl-2, cysl-3 and cysl-4. In this thesis we studied the roles of these genes in H2S metabolism and signaling. First, we identified cbs-1 as the gene encoding CBS in C. elegans; the recombinant purified CBS-1 protein exhibited canonical CBS activity, and RNA interference-mediated silencing of cbs-1 resulted in decreased CBS activity and increased homocysteine levels in worm extracts, recapitulating the phenotypes of CBS deficiency in mammals. Notably, the nematode and human enzymes differ in their domain...
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