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Conversion of a gasoline engine to burn hydrogen
Prchal, David ; Böhm, Michael (referee) ; Drápal, Lubomír (advisor)
The master’s thesis deals with the hydrogen combustion in reciprocating internal combustion engines, a topic that is becoming more important with the planned transition to low-emission mobility. basic physical properties of hydrogen, which are compared with conventional hydrocarbon fuels. Differences in terms of mixture formation, heat release rate, heat transfer, performance, emissions and other operating parameters are described. Based on the information found, a theoretical proposal for the conversion of the 1.5 TSI evo2 gasoline engine to hydrogen combustion is made, with emphasis on achieving sufficient power, a suitable torque curve, low emissions and the lowest possible conversion costs. Data from other hydrogen spark ignition engines are analysed and few different combustion models for hydrogen are developed. A simplified 1D model of the baseline engine is created and modified for hydrogen applications. A new intake cam profile is designed for the high engine load, the approximate size of the required turbocharger is recommended, intake air cooling requirements are determined and minor structural modifications to the cylinder head are proposed. The result meets the stated objectives and demonstrates that modern spark ignition internal combustion engines can be used in combination with hydrogen as a low-emission fuel with low conversion costs.
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Study of the ecological impact of production, operation and disposal of various types of cars
Kutnar, Václav ; Jandová, Kristýna (referee) ; Jaššo, Kamil (advisor)
To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, countries have focused on (among other things) automobile transport. However, there are different car powertrains, and each produces a different amount of emissions from different parts of their lifecycles, which also vary from state to state. Knowing exact, comparable values is necessary for deciding how to reduce these emissions most efficiently and economically possible. Existing studies often focus on only one part of the life cycle and/or are not localized to a particular state. This study analyses the entire life cycle of a vehicle and its fuel or energy for a vehicle manufactured, operated, and recycled in the Czech Republic. It draws on existing studies, supplemented by data from state agencies, vehicle manufacturers, and our calculations. It was found that in the Czech Republic, compared to a vehicle with a petrol internal combustion engine (ICEVg), an electric vehicle (BEV) has 33% lower total GHG emissions, and a vehicle with hydrogen fuel cells (FCEV) 19% lower. However, an internal combustion engine vehicle has lower emissions from its production and as a result, its cumulative emissions are lower than an electric vehicle until 70,000 km driven and a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle until 111,000 km
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Design of hydrogen jet engine to 1kN thrust
Mikulenka, Karel ; Šnajdárek, Ladislav (referee) ; Škorpík, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis includes a brief history of jet engines using hydrogen as fuel. Calculation of thermodynamics of small engine with thrust up to 1 kN which is in modern day used in practice drones or ballistic missiles will be conducted. Given initial parameters compressor selected is of radial type. Calculation of radial compressor and its verification in EES software. Issue of combustion chambers is presented and calculation of chamber balance is carried out. Computation of turbine and blading layout. Proposal of jet for expansion into atmosphere and engine thrust. Comparison of contemporary projects researching hydrogen propulsion in aerospace with their conventional counterparts and assessing their feasibility compared to other types of renewable fuels.
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Design of hydrogen jet engine to 1kN thrust
Mikulenka, Karel ; Šnajdárek, Ladislav (referee) ; Škorpík, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis includes a brief history of jet engines using hydrogen as fuel. Calculation of thermodynamics of small engine with thrust up to 1 kN which is in modern day used in practice drones or ballistic missiles will be conducted. Given initial parameters compressor selected is of radial type. Calculation of radial compressor and its verification in EES software. Issue of combustion chambers is presented and calculation of chamber balance is carried out. Computation of turbine and blading layout. Proposal of jet for expansion into atmosphere and engine thrust. Comparison of contemporary projects researching hydrogen propulsion in aerospace with their conventional counterparts and assessing their feasibility compared to other types of renewable fuels.
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