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Exposure to Nanoparticles in Means of Transport
Maslonková, Ivana ; Kadlec, Radek (referee) ; Adamec, Vladimír (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the exposure of nanoparticles in means of transport. The diploma thesis provides an overview of the current state of exposure to nanoparticles in vehicles that people use every day travelling to work. Moreover, the work describes the health risks that can be caused by these particles and have an adverse effect on human health. The work processed data (particle number concentration, particle size and LDSA) which monitored the exposure of nanoparticles in the tram of public transport in the city of Brno and the extent of pollution by nanoparticles at stops.
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The concentration of particulate matter in the air of selected areas of the city of Brno and its health risks
Bulejko, Pavel ; Čáslavský,, Josef (referee) ; Adamec, Vladimír (advisor)
Tato práce se zabývá znečištěním ovzduší pevnými prachovými částicemi v lokalitách města Brna. V teoretické části je pojednáno o možných zdrojích prachových částic, o chemickém složení a velikostní klasifikaci polétavých částic a dalších fyzikálně-chemických charakteristikách. Další část je věnována zdravotním rizikům prašnosti. V této souvislosti práce pojednává o anatomii dýchacího systému a účincích prachu na něj. Jsou taktéž rozebrány zdravotní efekty prachového znečištění, včetně uvedení možných nemocí respiračního a kardiovaskulárního systému, jejichž může být prach příčinou. V praktické části byl proveden sběr prachu. Byly vybrány celkem čtyři lokality, kde byly prováděny odběry vzorků. Následně byly stanoveny koncentrace polétavých částic PM10 a PM2,5. Dále byly u vybraných lokalit stanoveny koncentrace těžkých kovů a polyaromatických uhlovodíků vázaných na prachových částicích. V závěru bylo provedeno srovnání s legislativou a stanovena zdravotní rizika.
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5G network – how will it change our lives?
Ondriska, Josef ; Rujbrová, Šárka (referee) ; Jašková, Jana (advisor)
Tato bakalářská práce popisuje koncept páté generace bezdrátových systémů a diskutuje její hlavní přínosy i rizika. Práce uvádí stručný přehled vývoje mobilních komunikačních sítí. Popisuje funkci každé generace a uvádí její vlastnosti. Dále popisuje koncept 5G sítě, uvádí její parametry a klíčové faktory, které vedly k jejímu vzniku. V další části se práce věnuje internetu věcí, uvádí jeho historii a možné uplatnění společně se sítěmi 5G. Jmenuje nejrůznější oblasti využití a definuje, jak bude společnost z této technologie těžit. Závěrem se práce zabývá možnými hrozbami, ať už jde o lživé informace, nebo skutečná rizika jako jsou negativní dopady na lidské zdraví či bezpečnost s ohledem na osobní vlastnictví.
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Immobilization of heavy metals in the cement matrix with the admixture of natural zeolite
Semerádová, Nikol ; Bayer, Patrik (referee) ; Vyšvařil, Martin (advisor)
Heavy metals released to the natural ecosystem constitute significant risks not only for organisms, but also for water supplies in the nature. There are a number of analytical methods for the determination of heavy metals. Each of them is suitable for different element and its character. Since the results of the analysis are applied during the solidification and stabilization, it is necessary to ensure the highest correlation between hazardous waste and solidification medium for maximum inhibition of toxic ions. This work investigates the stabilization of heavy metals binders based on cement base with admixture of the natural zeolite and its possible use for the solidification of heavy metals in soluble form.
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Evaluation of the presence of fine and ultrafine particles in the air in an industrial zone
Kysilka, Matěj ; Martincová, Jana Victoria (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of the presence of the fine and ultrafine particles in an industrial zone. At the beginning of the theoretical part, dust particles and their division by size are described. Subsequently, sources of particles, methods of their measurement are mentioned and methods of analysis are described in more detail. Significant part of the research is devoted to health risks related to exposure to particles, the fundamental impact on the environment is also mentioned. The experimental part describes the measurement conditions that took place outdoor near an unnamed industrial zone. At the beginning of the experimental part, the used devices are presented. Subsequently, measured and graphically evaluated data on the concentration of particles in the air are presented. Particles collected on filter were used for analysis of selected metals. Analysis of selected metals was performed also on the samples of soil and plant material. The obtained metal concentration data were evaluated and commented.
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Assessment of contamination in selected locations of Valašské Meziříčí
Dunajská, Sabina ; Pavlovský, Jiří (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
This thesis deals with soil contamination caused by heavy metals in the region of Valašské Meziříčí. The metals analysed were cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, mercury, manganese, nickel, lead, zinc. Metals were determined in 34 samples. The analyses were performed using AMA-254 and AAS methods. Contamination indices were used to assess the contaminated sites and health risks were also assessed.
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Potential health and hygiene risks of staff work in the orthopedic operating room
SVOBODOVÁ, Viera
Work in operating theatres is very demanding. The specifics of operating theatre operations imply a number of potential risks to which operating theatre staff are exposed. The aim of the Bachelor's thesis was first to briefly describe the possible risks, to find out the opinion of general nurses on the occurrence of selected risks in the orthopaedic operating room and then to compare the level of concern in relation to age. In order to achieve the stated aim, we developed a questionnaire based on the theoretical part of the thesis and conducted a survey among general nurses working in the orthopaedic ward. A total of 110 questionnaires were completed by perioperative and anaesthetic nurses. The results were then evaluated including statistical processing. Three hypotheses were set in relation to the objectives. For all three hypotheses, we hypothesized that the perception of the difficulty of the work and the level of risk apprehension in the orthopedic ward would be related to age. The results obtained can be briefly summarized as follows: in the perception of the individual respondents of risks and stressful situations, in relation to the age of the respondents, the dependence on age was demonstrated in only one category. Only in the evaluation of the question on the observance of meal breaks, a link with age was demonstrated. Thus, only in this single category did the level of negative perception decrease with increasing age. The result of the research showed that the older the OR staff is, the less stressful this particular situation is for them. The negative perception of the physical stress associated with the work increases with age. Similarly, the questionnaires confirmed a higher perception of the psychological demands of working in the operating theatre in relation to age. Furthermore, there was evidence of a high prevalence of health and psychological problems that staff associated with working in an orthopaedic operating theatre. Accurate knowledge of the perception of health and hygiene risks and stressors by operating room staff can provide useful information when trying to improve working conditions in a targeted manner.
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The awareness of harmful effects of using tobacco products and experience with their usage among pupils of lower secondary stage of selected elementary schools.
Kolářová, Kateřina ; Váchová, Alena (advisor) ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (referee)
The thesis called "The awareness of harmful effects of using tobacco products and experience with their usage among pupils of lower secondary stage of selected elementary schools." is divided into three parts. The theoretical part is devoted to the origin of tobacco products and their chemical composition. It describes the effect of toxic substances contained in tobacco smoke on the human body, characterizes the diseases that are associated with the use of these products, explains the harm of passive smoking, and lists the legislative measures introduced in this area. It also deals with the emergence and treatment of addiction, the use of tobacco by children of older school age and describes preventive measures that appear in Czech schools. In the practical part, it presents the results of quantitative research with 198 respondents, in two elementary schools in the Karlovy Vary region. The target group consisted of pupils of the sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth grades. The results of the research showed that the awareness of these pupils is at a very high level, but some awareness needs to be brought closer to the pupils - especially in the section of diseases caused using tobacco products, legislative measures and in the section of chemical composition of products. The survey also shows that 45,9...
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Eating habits of shiftworkers
KRATOCHVÍLOVÁ, Martina
The bachelor thesis contains a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part describes basic diet components, a large part is dedicated to circadian rhythm and its influence on our health. Health risks connected to shiftwork are also mentioned. Further, a hormone known as melatonin that plays a significant role in our sleep, is described. The objective of this bachelor thesis was to map out eating habits of people whose work is run in shifts. The survey was processed using a qualitative method. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews with questions prepared beforehand and a record of weekly diet plans. Interviews were carried out with 10 individuals of medical staff whose work run in 12 full-hour shifts. The results prove that individuals working in shifts include meat and dairy products most often as the source of protein. Protein intake is higher during day shift. Intake of carbohydrates most often comes from bread and side dishes that are a part of meals. Intake of legumes is seldom included in the respondents´ diets. During night shift, smaller portions are consumed and intake of liquids is higher during day shift. Out of the informants´ diet plans we found out that intake of fiber is low. Snacks usually consist of fruit, dairy products or bread and something. The survey has proven that lunch offer is taken advantage of by an insignificant number of informants, dinner is taken advantage of in a minimum of cases. We have also found out that most informants consume food up to midnight during night shifts and until the end of their shift they consume only liquids. Energetic drinks are not an important part of drinking regime in shiftwork. Coffee intake is higher during day shift. The results of this bachelor thesis may serve both, the lay and expert public. Creating an informative leaflet with ditary habit recommendations is a part of this thesis.
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Risks associated with diving and their prevention
DIVIŠOVÁ, Anna
The topic of this bachelor thesis is called: "Risks related to diving and their prevention." The theoretical part is mainly focused on health risks which arise during scuba diving and follow-up prevention of the health risks. Furthermore, the following topics are mentioned in the theoretical part: a history of diving, biophysical concepts, and necessary equipment. Because of this topic, it was important to include chapters about first aid, treatment and medical fitness for diving. A reduction of health risks was chosen as the main objective in the practical part. There were created 3 research questions. 1. What is the training of divers? 2. What is currently the prevention of health damage during diving? 3. How can we reduce the risk of health damage? The qualitative research measurements were used for the creation of the research part of this bachelor thesis. A semi-structured interview containing 24 questions was created to get the data. There were 6 divers chosen for the interviews, 3 professional divers and 3 hobby divers. According to the results, it was found that there is a fundamental difference in the knowledge of the divers about this topic. Very often the risks are caused by insufficient preparedness and knowledge of the diver, not handling of the panic and stress, and a wrong reaction. Disobeying of precautions and principles often contributes to that. The results of this bachelor thesis may be helpful in completing education and information of divers, but also medical staff.
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