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Ethnic/race differences in the incidence of colorectal cancer in the USA
Slaměníková, Jana ; Kulhánová, Ivana (advisor) ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with ethnic differences in the incidence of colorectal cancer. One of the primary aims is to analyze the influence of selected socio-demographic factors, health factors and lifestyle factors on the incidence of colorectal cancer. Another main aim is to find out if there are ethnic differences in the incidence of colorectal cancer in the United States to determine the contribution of the influence of selected socio-demographic and lifestyle factors using the data from the PLCO database. PLCO is a case-control study which includes individual data collected from approximately 155,000 respondents in the United States. The main finding is a significant influence of respondents' age structure, gender, ethnicity, education, family history of colorectal cancer as well as diabetes on the incidence of colorectal cancer. It has also been suggested that alcohol consumption, smoking and obesity increase the risk of colorectal cancer. On the contrary, an increased intake of vitamin D and drugs containing acetylsalicylic acid (in this case aspirin) reduces the risk of colorectal cancer. The influence of age structure and gender on the risk of developing colorectal cancer has been determined as statistically significant in African Americans, Caucasians and others (including the remaining...
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Health and psychosocial factors related to planned pregnancy of young women
BENEŠOVÁ, Simona
We live at a time when the media says we are leaving the responsible task of our lives (ie becoming a parent) for later age. However, in my bachelor thesis I was convinced that the ideas of today's young women (at least those I spoke with) about parenthood did not correspond to the media presentation. The aim of the work was to map health and psychosocial factors that influence young women in a parenthood planning. I realised that housing and economic conditions and looking for a suitable life partner to set up a family are the most common health and psychosocial factors, and many others which I present and compare in the results and the research section. Concerning the second aim, which is to "describe the attitudes of today's young women to maternity (parenthood)", I would say that they really diverse. It can be said that each woman is different and has different ideas and life experiences, and that is what affects her attitudes towards maternity. It was really interesting to examine these attitudes because every conversation made me always interested in each woman in a more complex way. The sense of my work is that it can serve as information material for specialists in the area of reproduction health and parenthood planning. But it can also help to young women who are either fully convinced that they are taking or rejecting parenthood, or they are not decided and are still arguing about it and are still looking for the right way to go. The work can also be used as inspiration for different types of couples, single mothers, mothers in later life, childless women or very young mothers.
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Biological and social factors related to reproduction in the Czech Republic
Kaplanová, Helena ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
The aim is to describe the development of selected demographic characteristics and their comparison in the long term or in selected years characterizing the babies and their mothers in the Czech Republic. The indicators are divided according to what they described to the biological factors, social factors and health factors. The analysis of biological characteristics includes age, frequency, order of birth and mothers parity. Social characteristics examined include marital status and education. Health characteristics in the thesis deal with pregnancy and childbirth, addictive substances use and childlessness. This thesis also describe the evolution of the mentioned characteristics and their combinations for the region NUTS II. in the Czech Republic supported by cluster analysis, which confirmed the regional differentiation. The major finding is that mothers still continuing moving to higher age groups, increasing the proportion of births outside marriage, increasing the representation of women in higher education and increasing the proportion of childbearing by caesarean section. In conclusion, this work also includes a description of the current typical woman, who has a children
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