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Diagnostic imaging methods in senology, gynecology and obstetrics
PILAŘOVÁ, Martina
This thesis describes depicting methods in the senology, gynaecology and obstetrics. "In the present times keep using a new method of depositing diagnostics . The development of these methods goes ahead very fast. The breakthrough was the discovery of the diagnostic imaging W. C. Röntgen, who discovered beams X in the mid-20th century. It is the discovery that started the era of the evolution of modern diagnostics. The theoretical part deals with the anatomy of the breast and female genital organs. Further on, there is simply described the principle and the utilization of imaging techniques in the gynaecology, obstetrics and senology. In the senology part there is also the mention of the breast cancer. The Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women. It is a hormone-dependent tumour, therefore, the origin often is involved in hormonal stimulation. On the occurrence of the breast cancer is also involved in genetic factors. The most common risk factors include former the breast cancer, obesity, and exposure to ionizing radiation. The basic symptoms are as changing breast shape, size, pain, edema, ulceration. Highly effective prevention is self-examination of the breast, another preventive measure is the mammography screening. The Gynecologic section contains a list of the most common tests and a brief description. The final theoretical part is obstetrics, where I focused on a main topic- magnetic resonance imaging. This method is very useful but unfortunately , nowadays, in this field is still very rare. Harmfulness of this method is unproven, but is not recommended for use during the first trimester of pregnancy. The use of magnetic resonance imaging has its specifics and display area. It is used for example in the diagnosis of certain intracranial lesions, such as the absence of corpus calosum, intracerebral tumours, the detection of small lesions in the spine, unclear pathological structures and possibly congenital infection of the foetus. Its perspective is probably the possibility of evaluation of metabolic events during the development. The aim of my work is to analyse the radiological examination methods in senology, gynaecology and obstetrics. Another objective is to determine the number of specialized centres of prenatal diagnosis in the country. The hypothesis of the thesis were formulated as follows: Number of radiological examination methods increases. The practical part provides information relating primarily to the total number of radiological examination methods in Gynecology at the Hospital Budějovice (s.r.o) among 2010 and 2012. These investigations are primarily related to gynaecological diagnosis. All data were obtained from the hospital computer system. In this work was compared data of patients: ? Due to the age of the patients ? Due to the most common diagnosis ? Due to the total number of examinations in the years 2010-2012 Furthermore, the data from the internet portal of the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the country ( the Czech Republic) were used. As a curiosity, I used data from the first ultrasound in pregnancy and newborn mortality. While this is not the subject of my work, but the issue took me personally therefore I gave her a portion of my work. The results of this work demonstrate achievement of the objectives that have been identified in this work. We managed to confirm the hypothesis that the use of radiodiagnostic imaging is rising every year. The awareness of people about the possibilities of testing facilities is on the increase and the facilities of department radiological imaging methods are gradually improving.
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