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The physiological impact of digestive changes in geriatric patients and their impact on dietary and fluid intake
Krotilová, Martina ; Maruna, Pavel (advisor) ; Živný, Jan (referee)
Introduction: This bachelor thesis focuses on the aging process, physiological changes in the digestive tract, and the potential severe problems associated with advanced age that may impact diet and fluid intake. In the theoretical part, it summarizes the most important factors discussing old age and its related aspects. The practical part compares the theoretical research with the collected results from a questionnaire survey and laboratory blood tests. Aims: The main general aim of this thesis was to conduct a search of literature and scientific studies, and then to compare these findings with the data collected in the practical part. It was necessary to obtain the specific changes in the given sections of the digestive tract from the literature and research. The practical part included a questionnaire survey and the results of laboratory blood tests of geriatric patients to compare the diet of current versus younger age and, if necessary, to find out the reasons for the change. Methods: The quantitative questionnaire survey was realized between December 2022 and February 2023 in the Home for the Elderly, Prague 4 Háje and was completely anonymous. The target group were individuals from the elderly population. The questionnaire was based on a professional article by Professor Hana Kubesova. The...
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Consumption of food supplements for different groups of clients fitness center
Tůmová, Olga ; Svačina, Štěpán (advisor) ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the consumption of dietary supplements for different groups of fitness center clients. The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part focuses on the basics of nutrition, and is described by energy intake and expenditure, macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins and fats), micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) and drinks. The following chapter describes the basic supplements most commonly used in fitness. The practical part was processed using a questionnaire on social networks and in the fitness center Kentoya, Prague 10. The aim was to explore the most commonly used supplements, assessment of knowledge of the main effects of the supplements and visitors' experience with diets. The results are reported in tables and graphs and the answers on the internet and in the fitness center Kentoya are compared. The results show that almost 79 % of visitors to the fitness center take dietary supplements, the most widely used supplement is a protein drink. Approximately 67 % of visitors were during their life on some kind of diet and unfortunately the most common source of information concerning diet is the internet. Keywords: fitness, food supplements, supplements, nutrition, fluid intak
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Drinking regime in terms of evidence based medicine
Pihera, Jan ; Procházka, Michal (advisor) ; Vitujová, Marie (referee)
Bachelor thesis "Drinking regime in terms of evidence based medicine" is focused on complex take on the topic of fluid intake based on current knowledge and most recent studies. The content of this work consists of body water function and hydration theoretical summary. Based on this summary is experimental part which should confirm the relationship between hydration and performance.
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Health literacy of pupils of secondary school practical
Voláková, Klára ; Kovaříková, Miroslava (advisor) ; Zvírotský, Michal (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on the education of pupils with mild mental disorders. The aim of the thesis is to find out what is the health literacy of pupils with mild mental disorders attending the second degree of elementary school. The theoretical part is devoted to the concept of health, health literacy, health education. It introduces health determinants and deals with health prevention. It further characterizes, defines, describes and classifies mental disorders and describes the educational and personality characteristics of pupils with mild mental disorders. It thoroughly describes educational specialization called health education. The practical part introduces goals of the diploma thesis. It contains a research survey which verifies the theoretical and practical knowledge of pupils in the educational specialization called health education. Research has confirmed that more than half of pupils have theoretical knowledge and apply them in practical life. The research was conducted in the form of an interview. At the end of the thesis there are recommendations for pedagogical practice. KEYWORDS Light mental disability, health literacy, teaching of health, basic education, education Area man and health, 2.stage of a primary school
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Drinking regime in adolescence
ŘÍHOVÁ, Eliška
The bachelor thesis deals with the fluid intake at the age of adolescence. The aim of the work was to evaluate the quality and the total amount of fluids received at the age of adolescence. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part deals with the influence of fluids on the teenager body, is attentive to diseases caused by surplus or deficiency of fluid intake, deals with the composition of fluids and their effects on the organism. The research was made through a questionnaire survey that examines the total fluid intake, the composition and types (tea, coffee, milk and soups) received in 24 hours, the most frequent daytime of fluid consumption and their intake depending on the activity of the teenagers. The obtained data were evaluated and then graphs and charts were created. Research shows that more than a half of respondents have high fluid intake. About one third has a physiological fluid intake and one fifth has a low fluid intake. Respondents mostly drink drinking water in fluid intake. On the contrary, teenagers drink less coffee and energy drinks. They mostly consume instant coffee and at least Viennese melange, ice coffee, 3 in 1, Irish coffee and americano. The most popular type of tea is fruit tea and the least popular is herbal tea. More than a half of respondents consume half-fat milk and at least low-fat milk. The most popular soup is chicken or beef broth, the least popular are broccoli and garlic soup. The most respondents often consume fluids at home in the afternoon and evening, at least during lunch. The fluid intake is also influenced by sports activity. Most of the teenagers are engaged in some sports, a small number of teenagers do not any sport at all. The most popular sport is football, the least popular is volleyball.
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Consumption of food supplements for different groups of clients fitness center
Tůmová, Olga ; Svačina, Štěpán (advisor) ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the consumption of dietary supplements for different groups of fitness center clients. The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part focuses on the basics of nutrition, and is described by energy intake and expenditure, macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins and fats), micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) and drinks. The following chapter describes the basic supplements most commonly used in fitness. The practical part was processed using a questionnaire on social networks and in the fitness center Kentoya, Prague 10. The aim was to explore the most commonly used supplements, assessment of knowledge of the main effects of the supplements and visitors' experience with diets. The results are reported in tables and graphs and the answers on the internet and in the fitness center Kentoya are compared. The results show that almost 79 % of visitors to the fitness center take dietary supplements, the most widely used supplement is a protein drink. Approximately 67 % of visitors were during their life on some kind of diet and unfortunately the most common source of information concerning diet is the internet. Keywords: fitness, food supplements, supplements, nutrition, fluid intak
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Fluid intake of preschool children.
Procházková, Lenka ; Kulhavá, Miluše (advisor) ; Eislerová, Iva (referee)
This thesis deals with the hydration of preschool children. The type of work is theoretical-empirical. The theoretical part deal will physiology of body fluids, water failure, the need for fluids in childhood, fluid intake, sugar drinks and their effects on the human organism. The empirical part is implemented by means of a questionnaire survey. Group of respondents consists of parents of children aged 3 to 6 years. The aim of this work is to determine whether the fluid intake of preschool children is sufficient, chat beverages they prefer and what the childers habits in fluid intake. Importance of the work lies in increasing the awareness of hydration and in pinpointing the importance of fluid intake. Key words: Fluid intake, hydration, preschool children
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Issues connected with nutrition of elderly.
NOVOTNÁ, Radka
This thesis addresses the issue of nutrition of the elderly. The aim of the thesis was to explore the differences in the diets of seniors living in households and those living in retirement homes. The thesis consists of a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is divided into several chapters. In the first part terms related to the issue of aging and assessment of the demographic situation of the Czech Republic are explained. The second part focuses on the signs of aging, specifically on the physiological, psychological and social changes. Furthermore, it takes a look at energy needs in old age, types of nutrients and consequences in case of insufficient or excess amounts of nutrients. The following chapter deals with fluid intake, which is an equally important part of the diet and is often overlooked, when respecting the rules of fluid intake is of great importance to the health of each of us. The theoretical part also mentions factors that affect seniors eating habits, nutrition recommendations, the effects of bad eating, which include malnutrition, obesity, sarcopenia and osteoporosis. The last chapter focuses on retirement homes. For the practical part of the thesis a qualitative research method was chosen. The following research questions were posed: 1. What are the differences in regularity of meals of seniors living at home and in retirement homes? 2. What is the consumption of fruits and vegetables among seniors living in households and retirement homes? 3. What is the consumption of foods rich in animal fats of seniors living in households and in retirement homes? 4. What are the differences in fluid intake of seniors living in households and retirement homes? Data collection was achieved through semi - structured interviews, which were attended by seniors from the household environment and those from retirement homes. The research group consisted of 16 respondents aged 65 - 92 years. Half of the respondents live in a household and a half in a retirement home. Respondents were selected on the basis of plain (intentional) purposeful selection. The research was conducted in the Pelhřimov district. A total of 16 interviews took place.The research shows that seniors living in retirement homes have a more regular eating routine than seniors living in households. In the majority of responses they indicated that they eat 5 times a day. Also, the time intervals between meals are more regular in retirement homes. Furthermore, the interviews showed that seniors from households are more likely to consume fruit than elderly people in retirement homes, while seniors from retirement homes eat more vegetables. The results also showed that consumption of foods rich in animal fats does not differ significantly in the two groups. Both groups of respondents prefer animal fats to vegetable fats. Seniors from retirement homes tend to eat meat, while seniors in households consume more smoked meats. The research showed that the elderly living in retirement homes have a more regular fluid intake than seniors at home. Fluid intake of the elderly in nursing homes is more evenly spread throughout the day, and the total volume of fluid consumption reaches the recommended daily intake. But that is not the case of half the respondents living in households who stated that the total intake of fluids is less than 1.5 litres per day. In the discussion my findings are compared with the results and opinions of other authors who have dealt with the same issue. Then follows the conclusion of the work, which summarizes the results of my research. These results were provided to the retirement homes, which participated in the research. An informative leaflet, which is part of this thesis, was also produced and should raise awareness of seniors in the area of nutrition.
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Food position and habits in the group of second grade students and students of South bohemian high school.
POPPOVÁ, Jana
I have been investigating problems of eating habits and my interest is to look into eating schedule of pubescents in high schools and higher classes of basic schools especially. In the first part of my work i have described issues and illnesses caused by wrong diet of teenagers especially the ones trying to reduce fat unreasonable. I have also listed a common methods used to reduce weight. In the second part I am analysing answers from the actual pubescents I inquirred in my forms I spread around schools in South Bohemia and examined in comparison to other regions and previous studies.
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Gastrointestinal diseace of senior people in relation to lifestyle
TICHÁ, Anděla
Main thought of this work is research of digestive apparatus of senior people in relation to (healthy) lifestyle. In introduction I explain basic terms connected with nutrition, health, illness and prevention. In the next chapter I put attention to identify health condition and signals that human body gives when it not getting all that it needs. The content part of this work is focused on determinants that influence our health. I put attention to complex point of view. Reader will get information what is the optimal drinking regime, what macronutrition and micronutrition body needs, what it the categorization of those and what food we can get those from. I go to detail in needs of movement, rest, sleep and mental hygiene. This material generalizes actual needs of healthy lifestyle that can be used as help, to build and to strengthen in long term right habits for health and vitality.
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