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Assessment of the effectiveness of filter material DMI-65 on removing metals from water
Konečný, Jiří ; Hrich, Karel (referee) ; Biela, Renata (advisor)
The first chapter of diploma thesis discusses about various water processes which remove metals and metalloids compounds from water. A substantial part is devoted to filter materials, which include a new filter material DMI-65. Comprehensive chapter discribes characteristics, proporties and practical application of filter material DMI-65. The next chapter describes the process of pilot testing of material DMI-65 in the water treatment plant in Ivancice. At the end of the diploma thesis, the laboratory test of filter material DMI-65 is described, including the description of particular metals that are removed from the water and the compresion of the filter materiál DMI-65 with other selected filter materials.
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Design parameters of filtration materials for small constructed wetlands
Fialová, Tereza ; Rozkošný,, Miloš (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
Constructed wetlands and the soil filters are water treatment devices using the filter material that in most cases consists of natural river gravel, coarse sand or crushed stone. This thesis deals with the research of unconventional filtration materials, or more precisely with examination of their ability to be used as an alternative medium that can ensure better cleaning effect. For the research work following metallurgical industry materials were used: slag, waste from cipres filter, waste from the molding mixture, waste from large blasters and small blasters, sand filter material ČEZ, the coarse crushed slag 8-16 mm and as the last alternative medium ground coffee beans. Both the hydraulic and the chemical aspect of all above mentioned materials were tested (except of the last mentioned). The examined hydraulic parameters are particularly porosity, hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, particle density, chemical composition and concentration of chemical extracts. By evaluating the results of the measurements it is determined which materials are suitable to be applied in the constructed wetlands and the soil filters. In future the testing will continue under real operating conditions in the constructed wetland, where particular column filtration units (selected according to results of previous measurement) will treat real sewage water.
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The Research on Regeneration of the Filter Material, used in the Soil Filters and Constructed Wetlands
Burešová, Hana ; Rozkošný,, Miloš (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
The thesis consists of two basic parts. The first research part creates an introduction to the root zone wastewater treatment plants. It contains mainly causes of filter environment colmation and its theoretical solution methods, which are further solved in the laboratory. The master’s thesis attempts to find a simple way, which would in future be possible to evaluate the rate of sedimentation of the sludge material, which causes filtration environment colmation. Results of developed methodology will be used in practice by washing colmated filtration material, respectively colmatant separation in sedimentation tank. The thesis focuses to verify the possibility flocculation and mineralization of sludge, which adheres to the surface of the filtration material. The solution lies in the observation of sedimentation rate (after previous dilution) using by the turbidimetric method, based on the beam-column passage through muddy water. The results show that it is not critical ambient temperature, but the time effect of natural mineralization in combination with moisture (dry matter concentration, the amount of water). The present thesis evaluates the possibilities and application method, leading to the natural regeneration of the filtration material exposed to natural climatic conditions.
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Cleaning effect of unconventional filtration materials
Fialová, Tereza ; Hynánková,, Eva (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
Constructed wetlands and the soil filters are water treatment devices using the filter material that in most cases consists of natural river gravel, coarse sand or crushed stone. Master´s thesis deals with the research of cleaning effect of unconventional filtration materials, or more precisely with examination to load real waste water in a filtration column, to prove their ability to be used as an alternative medium that can ensure better cleaning effect. For the research work following metallurgical industry materials were used: fine slag and coarse slag 8-16 mm, materials from the natural character: zeolite, keramzit, a plastic material: PUR-foam. Also the traditional materials of fine gravel and coarse gravel were tested to compare the cleaning efficiency. Both the hydraulic and the cleaning efficiency of all above mentioned materials were tested. The examined hydraulic parameters are particularly porosity, hydraulic conductivity and suspended solids, turbidity and oxidation-reduction potential of both the inflow and outflow of the filter columns were determined. Accredited laboratory set the inflow and outflow of the filter columns BOD5, CODCr, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia and dissolved oxygen. By evaluating the results of the measurements it is determined which materials are suitable to be applied in the constructed wetlands and the soil filters. This filtration column was modeled by program HYDRUS and the result was compared with real results.
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The Filtration Media in Water Treatment
Novotná, Aneta ; Biela, Renata (referee) ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis mainly deals with filter media for treatment of drinking water, their properties, uses and try to imagine new possibilities for choosing of filter materials on the market. To better understand the use of materials in water filtration, the work deals with the local water filtration generally. These are mainly slow biological filtration and high-rate filtraion, but there is also described the possibility of further filtration through a granular material such as sand filtration pressure. Finally, Here is described also increasingly developing membrane technology. In the laboratory practical part deals with on the pressure loss on the filter, which were selected by the filter material obtained device model filtration column. These data are, in practice, an important indicator for the selection of filter material according to traffic needs.
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Water filtration and filter materials
Moravčíková, Světlana ; Talašová, Lucie (referee) ; Biela, Renata (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with water filtration. Primarily it describes slow sand filtration and rapid sand filtration. For these types of filtration, the filtration mechanisms, filtration cycles, filtration regeneration and filter layout are described in more detail. In case of the rapid filters, the most commonly used types of drainage systems are summarized. Further there is a brief introduction of diatomite filters and membrane processes used in water industry. The next chapter contains most commonly used filter materials along with their basic properties. Practical part of the thesis focuses on assessment of efficiency of selected filter materials in the removal of pollution.
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Removal of selected metals from the water
Pěkný, Mojmír ; Vybíralová, Pavla (referee) ; Biela, Renata (advisor)
In my thesis I focused on the problem of removal of some heavy metals from water. Heavy metals cause deterioration of quality of water sources and bring about a need of complicated water treatment technologies. In particular it is the case of mercury, arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium and nickel. This diploma thesis focuses on the utilization of adsorption using suitable adsorption materials to reduce concentrations of nickel in drinking water. At the same time it investigates the effectiveness of these materials in the process of removing iron and manganese from water. The first part of my thesis presents an overview of these metals. I write about their occurrence, its forms, properties and significance. The second part of the work focuses on the laboratory observations of the effectiveness in removing iron, manganese and nickel from water. The description of the used sorptive materials is also included.
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Specific substances in drinking water sources
Konečný, Jiří ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee) ; Biela, Renata (advisor)
In this bachelor thesis I dealt with specific substances which occures in sources of drinking water and pollutes quality of water. Especially its heavy metal, sulfur compounds, nitrogen, phosphorus and other. In this thesis I deal with possibilities about remove of these substances by using various methods, especially absorption on filter materials. These thesis is focused on using absorption on suitable materials for reduction of concentration arsenic and cadmium in drinking water. In first part I‘ve characterized subtances which occures in the water and outlined a way to remove them. Second part is focused on laboratory observation to efficiency of removing arsenic and cadmium on sorption materials.
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Water filtration and filter materials
Moravčíková, Světlana ; Talašová, Lucie (referee) ; Biela, Renata (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with water filtration. Primarily it describes slow sand filtration and rapid sand filtration. For these types of filtration, the filtration mechanisms, filtration cycles, filtration regeneration and filter layout are described in more detail. In case of the rapid filters, the most commonly used types of drainage systems are summarized. Further there is a brief introduction of diatomite filters and membrane processes used in water industry. The next chapter contains most commonly used filter materials along with their basic properties. Practical part of the thesis focuses on assessment of efficiency of selected filter materials in the removal of pollution.
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