|
|
Repeatability in the behavioural analyses
Vobrubová, Barbora ; Frynta, Daniel (advisor) ; Sedláček, František (referee) ; Špinka, Marek (referee)
This thesis is focused on the repeatability of behaviour, a suitable tool for quantification of personality, which is defined as consistent inter-individual differences. It contains five studies, which view repeatability and personality from different angles. In the first study, I focus on the description of the history of personality studies, the most often mammalian species used in these studies, and I present a metaanalysis of the published works. The highest repeatability was found in activity, the lowest in aggressivity and exploratory behaviour. The following two studies concern the expressions of personality in exploratory behaviour of the black rat (Rattus rattus). The first one analyses habituation in the course of repeated testing, and found the most prominent habituation in head-dipping (looking in the holes) in the hole board test. This study also demonstrates the differences between different approaches to estimating repeatability, when the inclusion of systematic effect of habituation increased the repeatability estimates. The subsequent study measured the levels of fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (fGCM), their diurnal cycle and the association with exploratory behaviour. fGCM showed themselves to be an interindividually variable characteristic, which is well repeatable, despite the...
|
|
|
Repeatability of behavioural measures of personality
Žampachová, Barbora ; Frynta, Daniel (advisor) ; Adamová, Dana (referee)
Personality is a concept enabling us to describe the systematical individual differences in behavior. It includes many behaviors, like exploration, activity, aggression, reaction to new stimuli, or sociability. The individuals differing in their exploration strategy are called fast and slow explorers, those differing in the level of aggression and the reaction to stress are called proactive and reactive individuals. If a certain group of behaviors appears together, we talk about behavioral syndromes. There are many definitions of personality, but most of them share a demand for time consistency. Repeatability is one of the tools for measuring this consistency. It's a correlation among repeated measures of the same individual. It is counted either as Spearman's or Pearson's correlation, or as an intraclass correlation coefficient, using variance components acquired from ANOVA, GLMM, or LMM. My original assumption was that the most repeatable behaviors are the ones demanding an immediate answer to the current situation. I executed a meta-analysis of the repeatability of behavior to test this hypothesis. I found the highest repeatability in aggression and the lowest in exploration. Other important factors were the identity of the source study, number of repeats, number of tested animals, and the method of...
|
|
|
Effects of melanin-based coloration and commensalism on performance in behavioural tests: a comparative study
Kahounová, Hana ; Frynta, Daniel (advisor) ; Šumbera, Radim (referee)
An intraspecific coat colour polymorphism exists in the genus Acomys. Some populations are dark and others are light-colored. Dark populations live in lava deserts, savannas and in the commensal habitat of Egypt. The subject of this thesis is to compare selected populations of Acomys in behavioral test of forced exploration. They are dark commensal, light secondary non-commensal, light non- commensal, and one dark non-commensal populations. The aim of this research is to find out whether the dark commensal populations of Acomys cahirinus differ in behavior from other populations and whether dark populations differ in behavior from light populations. According to the results, the observed behavioral parameters do not show significant differences between populations. The dark commensal populations of A. cahirinus did not differ significantly from other populations in exploratory behavior. But the dark populations preferred a dark background. No apparent differences in behavior between differently colored populations were found. However, the variability in tested behavior between populations was found. Key words: exploratory behavior, melanin, commensalism, comparative approach, open field test, Acomys
|
|
|
Repeatability of behavioural measures of personality
Žampachová, Barbora ; Frynta, Daniel (advisor) ; Adamová, Dana (referee)
Personality is a concept enabling us to describe the systematical individual differences in behavior. It includes many behaviors, like exploration, activity, aggression, reaction to new stimuli, or sociability. The individuals differing in their exploration strategy are called fast and slow explorers, those differing in the level of aggression and the reaction to stress are called proactive and reactive individuals. If a certain group of behaviors appears together, we talk about behavioral syndromes. There are many definitions of personality, but most of them share a demand for time consistency. Repeatability is one of the tools for measuring this consistency. It's a correlation among repeated measures of the same individual. It is counted either as Spearman's or Pearson's correlation, or as an intraclass correlation coefficient, using variance components acquired from ANOVA, GLMM, or LMM. My original assumption was that the most repeatable behaviors are the ones demanding an immediate answer to the current situation. I executed a meta-analysis of the repeatability of behavior to test this hypothesis. I found the highest repeatability in aggression and the lowest in exploration. Other important factors were the identity of the source study, number of repeats, number of tested animals, and the method of...
|
guest ::
