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Subunits of exocyst complex in the development of Arabidopsis epidermis
Vojtíková, Zdeňka ; Žárský, Viktor (advisor) ; Soukup, Aleš (referee)
Exocyst is protein complex evolutionary conserved in yeasts, animals and plants, which plays a role in control of cell morphogenesis and polarity. It is a tethering complex whose function is to attach secretory vesicles to specifi c foci on plasma membrane. Complex exocyst is formed by eight subunits. Subunit EXO70 is encoded by 23 paralogue genes in genome of Arabidopsis thaliana. Mutation in paralogue subunit EX070H4 causes defect in trichome maturation. Mutant trichomes have thin, not reinforced cell wall, making them soft and elastic. Transcription of EXO70H4 gene is induced by UV radiation, therefore observations of plants cultivated on UV-B radiation were done. Analysis of mutants cultivated on UV-B radiation revealed hyperaccumulation of vesicules in cytoplasm, which were visible by light microscope. Hyperaccumulation was not observed in control plants cultivated on UV-B radiation, but thickening of cell wall was induced. Th is reaction to UV in trichomes hasn't been described yet. Analysis of cellular localization made with YFP tagged constructs revealed that EXO70H4 localizes into mobile corpuscules associating with Golgi apparatus. It was found with yeast two hybrid system that EXO70H4 interacts with TRS120, subunit of tethering complex TRAPPII which is active in Golgi apparatus....
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Mechanisms of epidermal cells polarization in plants.
Vojtíková, Zdeňka ; Žárský, Viktor (advisor) ; Soukup, Aleš (referee)
Plant epidermal cells form contact area of the plant, they protect it from impacts of surrounding environment and they mediate the communication with its neighbourhood. In the epidermis there are evenly distributed several cell types with quite specialized morphology (pavement cells, trichomes and guard cells) due to the polarization mechanisms. The cytoskeleton and signal molecules of ROP GTPase family promote the polarized growth. Thanks to polarized growth the cells reach their shapes. The cytoskeleton responds to the signal by expanding the cell, helps with targeting of the secretion to the sites of active growth and mediates polarized formation of the cell wall. On the upper side of the epidermis the cuticle and layer of epicuticular waxex is secreted. The secretion of cuticular components is baso-apicaly polarized. This work summarizes the mechanisms of the polarization in plant epidermal cells discoverd untill now.
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Characterization of the role of SPINK 6 in the epidermis using transgenic models
Buryová, Halka ; Sedláček, Radislav (advisor) ; Entlicher, Gustav (referee)
Epidermal homeostasis, including proper turnover of keratinocytes, plays important role in the barrier function and serine proteases and their inhibitors are the key players. Activated proteases cleave desmosomes in uppermost layer and thus shed the cells from the epidermal surface. Therefore the serine protease inhibitors are secreted in lower epidermal layers to prevent premature activation of proteases and consequent disruption of epidermal barrier. The most studied inhibitors in epidermis belong to Serine proteases inhibitors Kazal-type family (SPINK). This diploma thesis is aimed to investigate function of murine SPINK6 in epidermal compartment in vivo. To achieve this, the transgenic mice overexpressing mSPINK6 under modified human involucrin promoter was generated. Two of five transgenic lines exhibited higher expression of mSPINK6 at mRNA and protein levels. The mSPINK6 transgenic mice are viable with no apparent phenotype. The small but in most cases not significant differences were observed on microscopic level among mSPINK6 transgenic and wild type animals In conclusion, this work showed that mSPINK6 does not play major role in skin homeostasis but gains significant importance under specific challenges of epidermal barrier. Therefore mSPINK6 transgenic mice, in combination with other deletion or...
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Realization of fingerprint scanner
Kovář, Martin ; Sekora, Jiří (referee) ; Mézl, Martin (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with the issue of scanning human fingerprints, which is currently very topical and represents the most widespread biometric technology. The theoretical part of the work acquaints the reader with basics of dactyloscopy and biometrics and concerns technologies used for fingerprinting, image preprocessing methods and commercially available contactless optical scanners. The practical part is a realisation of a contactless optical scanner based on a Raspberry Pi minicomputer, implementation of preprocessing algorithms in Python and testing of the device from the perspective of image quality.
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Revitalization program Cellulite - dermopanniculosis deformans and its verification in practice.
ŠPINDLEROVÁ, Martina
Diploma thesis deals with developing and testing of revitalization program which has positive effect on Cellulite-dermopanniculosis deformans. The research presents and evaluates results of revitalization program which took 6 months. Analysis of technical terms, that are closely related to cellulite, is presented in the theoretical part. There are presented views of Czech and foreign experts who deal with issues of cellulit. At the end of theoretical part we focused on available revitalizing methods that are aiming to elliminate cellulit. Experimental investigation was carried out on 60 women who were divided into experimental and control groups. Results are statisticaly processed in the form of graphs and tables and acompanied with discussion.
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Stomatal development under variable environmental conditions
HOŠTIČKOVÁ, Irena
It is necessary for plants to adapt to variable environment conditions to be able to grow and to propagate themselves. One of the most important environmental factors is water availability. The main role in regulation of transpiration play stomata ? microscopic pores, which control gas exchange (mainly CO2, H2O, O2) between internal and external leaf environment. Number of stomata at the leaf epidermis is influenced by lots of environmental factors, e.g. atmospheric CO2 concentration, irradiance, air humidity, temperature etc. In this thesis I was aiming to study the influence of atmospheric CO2 concentration on stomatal development of Lepidium sativum L. and the influence of irradiance on stomatal development in Hordeum vulgare L.
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