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Emissions of greenhouse gases (N2O and CO2) from pasture soil as a result of activity of soil microbial community - preliminary results
Šimek, Miloslav ; Hynšt, Jaroslav ; Brůček, Petr ; Čuhel, Jiří
Cattle overwintering area was shown an important point source of N2O and CO2. The emissions of N2O were mostly directly related to the rate of animal impact as the greatest fluxes of N2O and the highest total cumulative N2O emissions as well were found at the most impacted site. The fluxes of N2O were however very variable in time and most of N2O was emitted during several short events in spring or in winter. Laboratory experiments suggested that total amount of nitrogen escaping from soil from impacted sites is much greater than indicated by field measurements of N2O fluxes and molecular nitrogen (N2) was shown as the main nitrogen gas. It is hypothesized that soil pH is a crucial soil factor controlling the mole fraction of N2O: under slightly alkaline conditions in severely impacted soils, denitrification is completed and most of nitrogen escapes from the soil as N2; under more acidic conditions, however, the activity of nitrous oxide reductase is partly reduced.
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Persistent Organic Pollutants and Toxic Metals Measured in Emissions from Combustion of Waste Motor Oils
Tydlitát, Vratislav ; Pekárek, Vladimír
Report gives information about measured contents of toxic inorganic gases in emissions from combustion of two preheated and atomized waste oil mixtures from Diesel tracks. The content of toxic metal is under official limits. Total toxicities of PCDD/Fs and PCBs 0,308 and 0,142 ngTEQ.m3 respectively and the content 62 and 6 microg.m3 of polyaromatic hydrocarbons respectively were found in emissions from two waste oils. The content of sulfur, chlorine and metals in fuels were compared with the content of these polluted emissions. Comparison with literature data about similar fuels and emissions is presented.
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The influence of the interest group ACEA on the EU institutions and their success in enforcing the interests of automobile producers
Kovaříková, Tereza ; Ševčíková, Michaela (advisor) ; Šmíd, Jan (referee)
The aim of this bachelor work is the analysis and research of the influence of the interest group ACEA on the EU institutions and their success in enforcing the interests of automobile producers all over the world. In the beginning I will intend on the basic information about ACEA. Further I will engage myself how this organization influences the development of the automobile industry, especially the way how it enforces the interests of the producers. In the practical part I will analyze the problematic of the emissions CO2, concretely the problem of the reducing the emission limits CO2 of the transport from the European Commission and the automobile producers. In the final part I will search the role of ACEA which it played in the consequences of the economic crises in the branch of the automobile industry.
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The importance and utilization of LPG in transport
Binderová, Vanda ; Dvořák, Antonín (advisor) ; Hadrabová, Alena (referee)
The importance and utilization of LPG in transport - just the title signifies what is this bachelor thesis focused on. The first part gives a chance to learn more about liquified petroleum gasses, i.e. LPG. It comprehends information about its history, compound, processing, features and also advantages and disadvantages related with this gas. The second part is concerned with the relationship "LPG and environment". You can find there answers to questions like: Why does transport have a negative influence to environment? Which substances are emitted by fuel combustion to atmosphere? Is LPG regardful of environment? The third part is an economic one. It contains the calculations of LPG purchase costs and their economic return and also the price comparison to another fuels. The main aim of this thesis is to compare LPG with petrol and diesel oil and analyze its environmental and economic efficiency.
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Emission rights in the accounting
Kašparová, Pavlína ; Krupová, Lenka (advisor) ; Jirka, Ladislav (referee)
The graduation theses is focused on problems of emission rights. The graduation theses is describing when and where has been firstly started talking about emission rights and why, what has been developement of emission rights prices on the stock markets since their implementation in 2005 and what was the impact on the financial statements. The main part of the gradiation theses is about financial reporting. There is described a few of possible methods how to enter it in the books with concrete examples each of them. There is not missing historically first sollution of the emission rights bookkeeping, interpretation IFRIC 3.
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Alternative fuels for transport
Běláčková, Adéla ; Dvořák, Antonín (advisor) ; Hadrabová, Alena (referee)
The thesis Alternative fuels for transport is dealing with the topic of economic competitiveness and environmental advantages of alternative fuels in comparison to classical oil fuels in transport. First, the main transport related problems are discussed in detail, including the dependency on oil, emissions from transport and their impact on human health and the environment. Then, the different types of alternative fuels are presented, including the legal framework, possibility of tax exemption and subsidy financing. The comparison of emissions of alternative and classical fuels follows the logic of the whole life cycle of a fuel, using the Well-to-Wheel analysis as method. Emissions of greenhouse gases and emissions of pollutants of local importance are observed. The cost comparison is based on experience in public bus transport in the Czech Republic. Fixed, variable and total costs are compared for classical diesel, biodiesel, natural gas, LPG, hydrogen and an electric vehicle. The purpose of the study is to decide which of the alternative fuels represents a cost competitive option in comparison to classical diesel and also provides a reduction in total emissions. The results of the study are designed to help Krkonošské Metro Association to choose a suitable alternative fuel for a project in rail transport.
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