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Contribution to the construction of cost and energy efficient family houses
Čech, Josef ; Mohelníková, Jitka (referee) ; Gašparik,, Jozef (referee) ; MBA, Pavel Slováček, (referee) ; Hrazdil, Václav (advisor)
Dissertation focuses on the verification of construction family houses made of concrete shell block with internal thermal insulation system. The construction technology is transferred to the Czech Republic from France. The work focuses on building envelope. The suitability of implementation is assessed on the basis of verification selected thermal technical requirements placed on building envelope. Requirements are specified by legislation in force in the ČR. The verification was performed by using software simulations and measurements on realized buildings. Critical areas of construction technology were identified on the basis software simulations and measurements on site. It was suggested solution, in which critical areas comply the thermal technical requirements. The building envelope was checked also using the thermography imaging on site. Continuous measurement of interior temperature was used to evaluate thermal comfort in the room. In the completed buildings was tested airtightness of the building envelope, which revealed other critical areas of the building envelope. Critical areas are necessary to solve with sufficient care. The economic cost of implementing each variants of exterior walls made of concrete shell block with internal thermal insulation were compared with the economic costs of implementing external walls made of burnt clay hollow blocks and made of burnt clay hollow blocks with external thermal insulation system ETICS. Subsequently, the economic return was calculated for individual variants of external walls made of concrete shell blocks with internal thermal insulation. From the environmental viewpoint was made comparison of production greenhouse gas CO2 and SO2 (cause acid rains) during the life cycle of the individual variations of exterior walls made of concrete shell blocks with system of internal thermal insulation, exterior walls made of burnt clay hollow blocks and burnt clay hollow blocks with external thermal insulation syst
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Volumetric Method for the Determining kg CO2 eq. and Energy Requirements for the Production of Power Tools at an Early Stage of Product Design
Sovják, Richard ; Sobotová,, Lydia (referee) ; Grall, Günter (referee) ; Křenek, Ladislav (advisor)
Emise kg CO2 eq. vznikají v různých fázích životního cyklu výrobku a mají významný vliv na globální oteplování. K posouzení těchto negativních vlivů slouží metoda Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), která umožňuje určit uhlíkovou stopu, energetické nároky na výrobu materiálů, výrobní procesy, transport, užití a konec životního cyklu. Tyto analýzy jsou časově náročné, nákladné na zaškolení a vyžadují hmotnostní a materiálové charakteristiky výrobků. Navržená metoda VEME (Objemová hodnotící metoda ecodesignu) využívá objemových vlastností výrobku a jeho strukturálního a materiálového složení. Pro dosažení cíle bylo analyzováno 134 kusů nářadí (vyrobeno 1989 až 2018) se začleněním do 10 typových skupin podle druhu nářadí. 3D skenováním byl určen objem výrobku s následnou materiálovou analýzou a po té byla použita metoda Oil Point Method (OPM), která je založena na LCA. Nářadí bylo posuzováno ve třech možných variantách konce životního cyklu (skládkování, spalování a recyklace 90 %). Ze získaných dat byla provedena simulace Monte Carlo pro každý vzorek nářadí n = 1 000 s 95% spolehlivostí. Byly stanoveny rovnice pro určení energetických požadavků na výrobu nářadí, emisí kg CO2 eq. (pro 11 světových zemí), údajů na balení a transport zboží. S 90% recyklací je možné uspořit až 32,4 % energie oproti skládkování. Ze všech 134 vzorků bylo 9,7 %, u kterých byla recyklace až o 6,2 % energeticky náročnější než skládkování. Důvodem jsou vysoké energetické nároky na recyklace materiálů. Nová metoda najde využití při navrhování výrobků v průmyslovém designu, ale i v oblastech ekonomického zhodnocení způsobu a místa výroby. Lze jej využít i pro rozšíření energetického štítkování výrobků, které by zahrnovalo energetickou náročnost výroby, transport a balení.
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Contribution to the construction of cost and energy efficient family houses
Čech, Josef ; Mohelníková, Jitka (referee) ; Gašparik,, Jozef (referee) ; MBA, Pavel Slováček, (referee) ; Hrazdil, Václav (advisor)
Dissertation focuses on the verification of construction family houses made of concrete shell block with internal thermal insulation system. The construction technology is transferred to the Czech Republic from France. The work focuses on building envelope. The suitability of implementation is assessed on the basis of verification selected thermal technical requirements placed on building envelope. Requirements are specified by legislation in force in the ČR. The verification was performed by using software simulations and measurements on realized buildings. Critical areas of construction technology were identified on the basis software simulations and measurements on site. It was suggested solution, in which critical areas comply the thermal technical requirements. The building envelope was checked also using the thermography imaging on site. Continuous measurement of interior temperature was used to evaluate thermal comfort in the room. In the completed buildings was tested airtightness of the building envelope, which revealed other critical areas of the building envelope. Critical areas are necessary to solve with sufficient care. The economic cost of implementing each variants of exterior walls made of concrete shell block with internal thermal insulation were compared with the economic costs of implementing external walls made of burnt clay hollow blocks and made of burnt clay hollow blocks with external thermal insulation system ETICS. Subsequently, the economic return was calculated for individual variants of external walls made of concrete shell blocks with internal thermal insulation. From the environmental viewpoint was made comparison of production greenhouse gas CO2 and SO2 (cause acid rains) during the life cycle of the individual variations of exterior walls made of concrete shell blocks with system of internal thermal insulation, exterior walls made of burnt clay hollow blocks and burnt clay hollow blocks with external thermal insulation syst
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