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Polluter Pays Principle in the Environmental Law
Vícha, Ondřej ; Damohorský, Milan (advisor) ; Müllerová, Hana (referee) ; Drobník, Jaroslav (referee)
A B S T R A C T of the dissertation "Polluter Pays Principle in the Environmental Law" JUDr. Ondřej Vícha The Doctoral Program¨"Theoretical Legal Sciences", Law Faculty, Charles University in Prague This thesis deals with the legal aspects of the the polluter pays principle (PPP) within the environmental law. The aim of this thesis is to provide an overview of current definitions of this principle and its application in the International, European and national Czech law. The text is devided into ten chapters. After the introduction, the thesis ruminates on legal principles in general, their status and function in the legal system and in the environmental law specially. The third part holds forth on development and functions of the PPP and its relation to other legal principles of the environmental law. The polluter-pays principle represents among the OECD countries, respectively at the European level, for quite a long recognized and practically applied economic and legal principles leading to internalize the costs of environmental protection, which are transferred from states to the real polluters, who pollutes environment by their production or other economic activities. The history of this principle reflects a gradual shift in meaning. At first, the Recommendations of the OECD and the EC referred to the...
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Efficiency of regulation of minor stationary pollution sources
Blažková, Pavla ; Jílková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Vejchodská, Eliška (referee)
Despite the fact that most of developed countries are succesful in reducing emissions of pollutants, the problem in many places is still deteriorating air quality situation. Air pollution is a problem also for the Czech Republic, where some regions are more affected than others. Therefore was in this thesis chosen one of them, the area of northern Bohemia and specifically the area of Teplice. The work focuses on pollution caused by local heating device because this pollution is not currently regulated. The aim of this work is to determine the behavior of households for heating by local heating device through a questionnaire survey. Especially was monitored the reaction for potential regulatory tool- the motivational subsidy. From these data was in more detail examined the dependence between the amount of subsidies and net monthly income using the Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient. Research showed no major statistical context, however, for the first time was held an investigation of multispecies heating in households thanks to which it can be better analyzed the reasons for frequent heating with solid fuels.
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Efficiency and Administrative Intensity Analysis of Small Stationary Sources Pollution Fee
Šmrhová, Petra ; Jílková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Vojáček, Ondřej (referee)
Especially in the last decades human society became aware of the negative impacts of their activities on environment quality. Charges or fees are one of the regulatory instruments of environmental politics. The major function of fees or charges is the incentive to change behaviour of human society. The small stationary sources reduce significantly local air quality. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate these sources. The objective of this thesis is to prove, that collecting of existing charges or fees for small stationary sources is economically uneffective. There will be applied Cost Benefit Analysis for comparison of the administrative costs to the fiscal incomes.
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