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Optimal Control Strategies for Building Energy Consumption
Kaczmarczyk, Václav ; Horák, Bohumil (referee) ; Janeček, Eduard (referee) ; Zezulka, František (advisor)
This thesis discusses the operational coordination of electrical appliances and devices in a smart home. At present, the diminishing volume of fossil fuels and the increasing pressure to use renewable sources of energy necessitate the integration of such volatile sources into electrical grids. This process, however, results in higher energy costs, and the consumers are thus more willing to change their behaviour to either reduce the expenses or maintain them at a reasonable level. One of the relatively few customer-oriented options to optimise energy costs consists in the demand – response principle, which utilises external information to minimise energy consumption during high price periods. Assuming the constantly changing conditions in electrical grids, and thus also the varying demands, it is vital to provide for automatic optimisation excluding the need of user intervention. The thesis presents a method which, after being implemented into the control member, will facilitate the optimal use of appliances and devices within a smart home. As the behaviour considered optimal from the perspective of demand - response is often inconsistent with the consumer‘s requirements for comfortable use of the appliances, the proposed technique offers a compromise through enabling the consumer to select the appropriate strategy. Five universal optimisation models are designed within the thesis; these models facilitate description of common home appliances and local electricity sources. The core of the method lies in formulating and optimising a mixed integer quadratic problem (MIQP). The optimisation task yields an operational schedule for the individual appliances, and this scheme considers the energy costs, the working cycle of the appliance, the user’s demands, the system restrictions and/or other input data. Furthermore, the author extends the above-discussed general technique, enabling it to adopt robust behaviour. The method then secures the preset strategy even during a marked change of the input conditions, and its robustness is a viable precondition for the overall applicability of the technique in the real control member.
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Optimal Control Strategies for Building Energy Consumption
Kaczmarczyk, Václav ; Horák, Bohumil (referee) ; Janeček, Eduard (referee) ; Zezulka, František (advisor)
This thesis discusses the operational coordination of electrical appliances and devices in a smart home. At present, the diminishing volume of fossil fuels and the increasing pressure to use renewable sources of energy necessitate the integration of such volatile sources into electrical grids. This process, however, results in higher energy costs, and the consumers are thus more willing to change their behaviour to either reduce the expenses or maintain them at a reasonable level. One of the relatively few customer-oriented options to optimise energy costs consists in the demand – response principle, which utilises external information to minimise energy consumption during high price periods. Assuming the constantly changing conditions in electrical grids, and thus also the varying demands, it is vital to provide for automatic optimisation excluding the need of user intervention. The thesis presents a method which, after being implemented into the control member, will facilitate the optimal use of appliances and devices within a smart home. As the behaviour considered optimal from the perspective of demand - response is often inconsistent with the consumer‘s requirements for comfortable use of the appliances, the proposed technique offers a compromise through enabling the consumer to select the appropriate strategy. Five universal optimisation models are designed within the thesis; these models facilitate description of common home appliances and local electricity sources. The core of the method lies in formulating and optimising a mixed integer quadratic problem (MIQP). The optimisation task yields an operational schedule for the individual appliances, and this scheme considers the energy costs, the working cycle of the appliance, the user’s demands, the system restrictions and/or other input data. Furthermore, the author extends the above-discussed general technique, enabling it to adopt robust behaviour. The method then secures the preset strategy even during a marked change of the input conditions, and its robustness is a viable precondition for the overall applicability of the technique in the real control member.
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Analysia abilities of clients with mental retardation to a focus on basic technical equipment in households and social institutions.
KASPŘÍKOVÁ, Magdalena
Social workers are trying to integrate all of their clients to the mainstream society by using sheltered housing and sheltered employment for several years. Social workers use the special diagnostics or their own experience. The problem is that there is not any tool which would be able to define the client's abilities to work with household appliance. The phenomenon of abilities of persons with mental retardation to use the common household appliance placed in sheltered houses or in sheltered workshops has not been researched enough. The aim of the thesis was get the data for comparison of abilities of clients to use common household appliances as a fridge, microwave oven, cooker, boiling kettle, washing machine, telephone and computer. Next objective was to design simple methodical tool (test) for evaluation of the level of abilities of clients (persons with mental retardation in sanitary facilities) to use the common household appliance. There was used method of observation of clients during the author?s work at psychiatry and observation of behavior and activity of employee of sanitary facilities with their clients during the faculty training. Also, there were made interviews with social workers and with an assistant of social care who take care about clients. There was researched what household appliance is used in sanitary facilities by preliminary questions. Then the test was designed according to the given answers. The questions for the employee of sanitary facilities were standardized and objective. Then these answers were analyzed. The result from interviews is those employees do not care about the clients abilities to use household appliance. On the other hand, the employee considered the test to be useful tool for evaluation of clients? abilities and for their integration to the self-dependent living. There was developed suitable tool for evaluation of clients' abilities represented by the simple test in knowledge of using of household appliances. The test is based on the interviews with the employees of sanitary facilities where the research was made regard to the appliance of these institutions. Test was tried for the small group of respondents at first. Then the test was adjusted according to the obtained data to get the most objective data. Obtained data was used to set up the needed minimum for using common household appliances in the social institutions.
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Analysis of the Whirlpool CR, spol. s r. o. product range
Shejbalová, Adéla ; Vávra, Oldřich (advisor) ; Pejša, Jan (referee)
This master's thesis is focused on analysis of Whirlpool CR, spol. s r. o. product range. Main objective of this thesis is to analyse Whirlpool CR freestanding home appliances product range and suggest reccomendations for its optimalization. The theoretical part is devoted to methods for the analysis of macro-and microenvironment, which are then applied in practical part of work. Based on internal company data Whirlpool CR, spol. s r. o. is provided the analysis of the marketing mix. The analysis of range and recommendations for its optimization are performed with the Boston Consulting Group matrix.
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