|
|
Carotid Artery Stenosis
Svoboda, Norbert ; Beneš, Vladimír (advisor) ; Peisker, Tomáš (referee) ; Herzig, Roman (referee)
The basis of the doctoral thesis consists of three studies focused on the diagnosis of carotid stenosis. The first study examines the histological structure of carotid plaques and their relationship to clinical manifestations. The study included 269 patients with 280 analyzed plaques. Multiple logistic regression demonstrated a significant association between symptomatic stenosis and foam cells (OR=1.9, p=0.03) as well as plaque thrombosis (OR=3.5, p=0.02). A significant correlation was also found between symptomatic plaque and unstable plaque according to the comprehensive AHA plaque classification (OR=1.8, p=0.03).The second study addresses the accuracy of carotid stenosis diagnosis using digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Carotid stenosis was measured on DSA and histologically processed plaques obtained during carotid endarterectomy in 644 patients. The study did not establish a correlation between the findings on the histological plaque and DSA (correlation coefficient of 0.22 for ECST and 0.20 for NASCET). The last study focuses on the analysis of the biomarker of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, MDA) as a predictor of unstable carotid plaques. The study involved 35 patients. Patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis and those who experienced amaurosis fugax had significantly lower...
|
|
|
Rotational angiography
JAŠAROVÁ, Eva
Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) is a special X-ray examination of the blood vessel system. Despite the development of other visual techniques it has not lost its importance so far. In the 1960s and 1970s it developed itself into the most detailed method of visualization of the blood-vessel system. DSA requires much more expensive device and equipment with tools than only ten years ago. The price is equal to the quality and amount of information. DSA further remains the invasive method. One or two-projection system for acquiring the complete picture of blood vessels is the most used technique of record in angiography. Common methodologies require two applications of the contrast medium for the same part of the body. Rotation angiography is a special modern technique for three-dimensional visualization of arteries. It is mainly used for visualization of neck or brain arteries. Its principle is in the application of the contrast medium into the artery, when the examined area is X-rayed and C-arm is continuously turned by 180°. The final angiography can be assessed that we turn the picture step by step. If we display the same area once more without the application of the contrast medium, we get a mask for DSA and both sequences we can subtract. Only one artery is displayed as well as during classic DSA.
|
|
|
The role of radiographer during MR angiography
ZBĚHLÍKOVÁ, Pavla
The role of radiographer during MR angiography Objectives: The thesis and the tutorial CD provide information on the magnetic resonance angiography {--} MRA. Due to upgraded hardware and software and the non-invasive character of the examination the method is currently the most common form of the imaging of flowing blood in vessels. It is essential for a radiographer to acquire comprehensive knowledge of the basic principles and techniques of MRA. The objective of my thesis was to find out if the method can be used not only for a high-quality imaging of the arteries but also for subsequent therapeutical procedures. Methodology: The research was conducted with 106 patients (66 men and 40 women) whose lower limb arteries had been tested by MRA between 1 January and 31 December 2007 at the Multiscan RC Pardubice. I determined the number of patients who had undergone a therapeutical procedure after the MRA test (operations on arteries, percutaneous transluminal angioplastics) and assessed to what degree the MRA examination had been sufficient for the surgery. Results: In 91 % out of 46 patients indicated for therapeutical procedures the results obtained by MRA enabled other treatment or a surgical procedure. Only in 9 % patients the results obtained by MRA were not sufficient for other medical treatment and suplementary examinations such as the diagnostic digital subtraction angiography were necessary. Conclusions: MRA is a non-invasive medical diagnostic technique to visualize the blood in vessels which provide satisfactory accuracy without exposing the patient to any ionizing radiation. The results are used for other treatments. Radiographers who master the MRA techniques avoid mistakes that might devalue the test. Key words: digital subtraction angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, magnetic resonance imaging, percutaneous transluminal angioplastics, radiographer {--} radiologic technologist.
|
|
|
The role of individual imaging methods in neuroradiology - development, the use and limitations
PEKÁREK, Vlastimil
Neuroradiology is the branch of radiodiagnostics dealing with the diagnosis of brain and spinal cord diseases. Morphological methods as X-rays, CT, MRI, ultrasound, DSA are emloyed. Recently examination procedure have made a rapid development. Some methods once frequently used were put down. Other methods were abandoned as they were invasive, demanding and diagnostically less efficient. They were replaced by new methods that are diagnostcally more precise, patient friendly and recently available qite well. These are primarily CT and MRI that dominate in diagnostic imaging of central nervous system.
|
guest ::
