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Historical acid deposition as a predictor of current growth trends in montane forests in the Krkonoše Mts.
Procházková, Kateřina ; Tumajer, Jan (advisor) ; Vejpustková, Monika (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on mountain Norway spruce (Picea abies) forests and their sensitivity to acid deposition, which culminated in Czechia during the 1980s. Acid deposition negativelly affects tree growth resulting in high mortality and poor health status of the entire forest stands. Mountain forests provide numerous important ecological services, which increses the need for understanding of the processes affecting their growth. The thesis examines the interaction between acid damage in the past and current growth trends and the resistance of mountain forests to current climate extremes (mainly to the effects of drought). The empirical part of the research is based on data on trends in tree-rings widths over the last two decades together with historical data of defoliation monitoring. Tree-ring width data were sampled using dendrochronological methods in the field. For this research, I selected plots along two altitudinal transects in the Krkonoše Mts. - Pec pod Sněžkou and Špindlerův Mlýn. Defoliation data were extracted from the long-term MONBASE database from the Institute of Forest Ecosystem Research (IFER). The statistical method of correlation analysis was used in order to determine the relationship between acid deposition and current tree growth. The most important correlated...
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Porovnání ruční a mechanizované defoliace a hodnocení vlivu na kvalitu hroznů
Nováček, Tomáš
The thesis deals with the issue of defoliation after quality grapes. The work deals with the comparison of mechanical and manual defoliation. The first part deals with searching and displaying information with this issue. The second part is about my experiment, its processing and its own recommendations. I was able to do this experiment on the Plaček vineyard in Moravské Branice where I used 11 lines of Sauvignon blanc variety for the experiment when every line indicates another experiment variation. Defoliation zone of grapes took place since 7.6.2018. Manual defoliation always removed 1-3 leafs and other part from defoliation zone. Since 15.6.2018 we used a mechanized defoliation using the defoliator. The following experimental variations were made in the same terms both manually and mechanically. The last mechanical defoliation was on 1.7.2018 and we performed a defoliation variant as a control. The last attempts were made between 26.7 and 2.8.2018 where we used another method of defoliation zone of grapes for a purpose to slown down the ripening. During the ripening of the grapes their health and quality was monitored. In four weeks carried out the evaluation of qualitative grapes. The berry sugar content, Ph value, acid content, nitrogen content and other defoliation-related parameters were measured. All measurements were taking place at a school laboratory in Lednice. All data have been evaluated and we written own recommendations for winemakers and vineyard oweners.
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Vliv termínu a intenzity defoliace na kvalitu hroznů
Horčičková, Petra
The diploma thesis is focused on the evaluation of the impact of defoliation intensity on the quality of grapes of the breed White Stum Grapes Pálava in various time terms. The experimental part was carried out partly in the vineyard and partly in the school laboratory. Evaluation has been made on qualitative parameters and the sensory analysis of the grape berries. The theoretical part briefly describes the factors that influence the development of the vine bush, furthermore the vine bush morphology.
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MONITORING OF DEFOLIATION USING REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES
Prokopec, Karel ; Kolář, Jan (advisor) ; Fabiánek, Petr (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is a proposal of a methodology used for an assessment of the measure of defoliation based on the multispectral satellite images from missions Landsat and Sentinel-2. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to the introduction of the problematics of remote sensing using multispectral sensors and the basics of research into forest vegetation. Following on this part, there is a chapter considering possibilities of monitoring defoliation using resources of remote sensing, and the closely connected problematics of the health condition of forest vegetation. After that comes a description of the used data (the satellite images and the data of ground investigation by VÚLHM) and logically compounded process of transformation of the data from satellite images on the levels of defoliation. Outcomes of the thesis include analysis of the ability of single spectral bands and vegetation indices to predict defoliation of Norway spurce (Picea abeis) and Scots pine (Pius sylvestris) vegetation. The assessment of the measure of defoliation is demonstrated on single band in near-infrared region with used of linear regression model.
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Vliv raného termínu odlistění zóny hroznů na kvalitu a zdravotní stav u bílých odrůd révy vinné
Pavlíková, Romana
This bachelor work focuses on timing, intensity and influence of defoliation on quality and physiology of grapevines. In the introduction, brief history of defoliation and mechanical devices used for defoliation are discussed. The main part describes an experiment testing different defoliation timing on Riesling grape quality. At the end of the main part, statistical analysis is presented. The experiment was done in the Mendel university vineyard, in Lednice, in the year 2015. In the end of the work, implications for planter praxis are discussed.
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Decoupling of environmental pressure and environmental impact from economic performance
Kovalský, Pavel ; Kovanda, Jan (advisor) ; Třebický, Viktor (referee)
7 Abstract The thesis analyses trends of two environmental aspects in spatial terms of the Czech Republic and timal terms since 1993 till 2010. The two aspects are acid deposition as environmental pressure and defoliation of forest crown as environmental impact. Since one aspect is cause of the other the thesis also analyses trends of relationship between these aspects and comapares the results with the concept of decoupling of environmental pressure from economic growth. Important findings are that despite huge relative decrease of environmental pressure expressed by acid deposition the decrease of environmental impact expressed by forest crown defoliation is very low. Although decoupling occured during the analyzed period it's not possible to say that linkage between "environmental bads" and "economic goods" was broken. The thesis reveals factors that had influence on these findings. The thesis also compares particular concepts of decoupling being used and provides author's input on which of these concepts suits the best analyzing the breakage of the links between environmental pressure from economic growth in all of its aspects. Key words: sustainable development, sustainability, decoupling of environmental pressure from economic growth, acid deposition, defoliation, gross domestic product.
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The development of the health condition of spruce stands with yellowing symptoms and their possible chemical amelioration in the Šumava Mts.
Morong, Jindřich ; Vacek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Karel, Karel (referee)
The main aim of this work was to learn about the health condition (foliage and yellowing) the structure and the growth of the spruce forest stands on two research areas at Stožec in the Šumava Mts., one of which area is fertilized by the product SILVAMIX MG and the second area is checking. Yellowing and defoliation of spruce forests in Šumava due to a lack of magnesium were repeatedly noticed in the eighties of the twentieth century. There was an experiment focused on the research reaction of spruce forest application of magnesium fertilizer (SILVAMIX MG NPK) in 1998. Fertilizer was applied manually in the spring of 2000 in the spruce-beech and spruce forest vegetative stage at a dose of 96,5 kg Mg/ha. On the fertilized areas was a significant improvement in the health condition of forest and also a reduction of yellowing. In 2005, yellowing symptoms of Norway spruce (Picea abys) almost disappeared. There is an every year yellowing and defoliation stands on the unfertilized control areas except the year 2006. There was a slight improvement in the health condition of stands in this year. We can say that the application of appropriate fertilizer leads to a significant improvement in the health condition of stands and it helps to their overall stability.
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Vplyv termínu odlistenia zóny hrozna na kvalitu a zdravotný stav u odrody Savignon blanc
Kozmon, Tomáš
The impact of the term of defoliation of the zone of grape on quality and condition of plant health for the Sauvignon blanc variety The focus of the Thesis is to evaluate the effect of the term of defoliation of the zone of grape on quality and condition of plant health for Sauvignon blanc variety. The introduction of the theoretical part briefly characterizes the issue of leaf area -- factors affecting it. The next sections describe the green work and the attention is focused primarily on defoliation of the zone of grape -- the impact, the terms and the intensity of defoliation. The factors determining the ripeness and quality of grapes are briefly described as well individual qualitative parameters. The practical section describes he methodology used in the evaluation of the experiment of defoliation on four different terms and the results of the examined variants of defoliation are interpreted.
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Vliv odlistění révových keřů na regulaci cukernatosti a kyselin hroznů
Krupica, Zdenek
The bachelor thesis process current literature dealing with partial deleafing around grapes during vegetation period and its impact on sugar and acid level in grapes. No own experiment was made. Deleafing the plant around the grapes during vegetation season may lead to higher quality of the grapes. It is, however, necessary to know basic deleafing rules. An excessive deleafing leads to overexposing the grapes. Such exposure causes negative effects, for example sunburn. Optimal deleafing (1-3 leaves and shoots around the grapes) exposes the grapes in an ideal way and they are warmed. The warming reduces the malic acid level and allows better sugar production. A variety sensitive deleafing of grapevine is recommended. Weather and station are also important factors. The work in wineyard demands manpower and it is time consuming. Still it pays off as this thesis shows.
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Hodnocení defoliace vinic s ohledem na stanovení rozsahu redukce listové plochy
Tisarová, Mária
This thesis deals with the evaluation of defoliation of vineyards with respect to determination of extent of leaf area reduction in the varieties Hibernal, Zweigeltrebe and Cabernet Moravia. The experiment was conducted in 2013 at the experimental sites in the cadastral area of Lednice in Moravia and Rakvice. The development of leaf area was evaluated by ADC device BioScientific Ltd. during three periods (June, July, August) in the phenological stages of flowering phenological stages of fruit development and ripening of the fruit phenological stages. From the measured data was determined leaf area index (LAI) and the extent of defoliation. Using analytical methods parameters of quality grapes were evaluated - the sugar content, pH, acidity, assimilable nitrogen, and others in order to determine the optimal time of reduction in leaf area of a vine. Part of this work was also the evaluation of operating costs for Defoliator.
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