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Somatic embryogenesis of conifers: description of structural development
Kadlecová, Marie ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Konrádová, Hana (referee)
Somatic embryogenesis is a very important tool of in vitro cultivation, therefore, it has recently devoted adequate attention. Stages of somatic embryogenesis involve several consecutive steps: induction of embryogenic culture and its proliferation, maturation of embryo, desiccation, germination and subsequent transfer of embryos into young seedlings. All of these steps are directly influenced by many factors, such as a choice of the original explant, time of cultivation, physical conditions or the composition of the culture medium. There are still emerging new studies describing how the culture conditions and, thus, the quality of embryos could be improved. An important prerequisite for further improving the quality of somatic embryos is good knowledge of aculture protocol, i.e. right concentrations of amended substances in the culture medium, the timing of each step, using the suitable explants etc. Another very important thing is good knowledge of development of all anatomical structures established during embryogenesis. Only then it will get closer to the point when somatic embryos will not arise only in the laboratory, but could be successfully used in practice. The object of this work is to summarize existing knowledge about development of all anatomical structures during somatic...
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Comparative growth characterization of frequently used substrains of the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 under varying culture conditions
Zavřel, Tomáš ; Očenášová, Petra ; Sinětova, M. A. ; Červený, Jan
Cyanobacteria have gained increased attention as ideal candidates for biotechnological applications due to their capacity to produce valuable molecules ranging from therapeutic proteins to biofuels. Their natural phenotypic plasticity in highly dynamic environments enables easy deployment of new biotechnologies as well as opening possibilities for genetic engineering. This contribution presents a new approach to fast and reliable characterization of cyanobacteria growth in a flat panel photobioreactor that enables examination of changing light, temperature, and nutrient availability. The utilization of semi-continuous automatic cultivation with real-time culture growth monitoring provides a strong experimental basis for both characterization and optimization of cyanobacteria cultures in photobioreactors. We first characterized the autotrophic growth of the substrain of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 denoted as GT-L. This strain is capable of efficient growth under a wide range of environmental conditions with doubling time as fast as 5 h under favorable conditions. However, differences among Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 substrains have been identified on both the genotype and phenotype levels. We therefore aimed to utilize the experimental platform to characterize multiple commonly used Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 substrains. This method will enable us to identify substrains capable of robust growth and high production yields as reliable biotechnological candidates.
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