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Vliv koncentrace, teploty a doby působení na biochemické parametry raka mramorovaného (Procambarus fallax f. virginalis) exponovaného neonikotinoidovému pesticidu, thiaklopridu
HUMMELOVÁ, Světlana
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of concentration, water temperature conditions and duration of action of thiacloprid on biochemical parameters of marbled crayfish (Procambarus virginalis). The time of this experiment was taken for 56 days (28 days of exposure and 28 days of depuration). Crayfish were divided into groups according to selected concentrations: control group without thiacloprid (K), highest detected environmental concentration 4.5 ?g?l-1 (TEN) and concentration 64.6 ?g?l-1 (TLC) (10 % of the 96-hour lethal concentration for marbled crayfish) and different water temperatures (17 and 23 °C). Crayfish, which was exposed to a lower water temperature conditions (17 °C) during the experiment, have been generally shown lower activity in behaviour against crayfish exposed to a higher temperature (23 °C). The effect of concentrations of thiacloprid (4.5 and 64.6 ?g?l-1) caused in the muscle and hepatopancreas LPO and changed GST activity. Statistically significantly (P<0.01) changes were observed in all tissues (muscle, hepatopancreas and gills), caused by effect of concentrations of thiacloprid (4.5 and 64.6 ?g ? l-1) and temperature condition (17 and 23 °C) during the experiment in SOD, CAT and GSH. The effect of thiacloprid concentration, water temperature condition and duration of action caused in haemolymph significantly (P<0.01) increase in GLU, NH3, AST, ALT and CK. Other parameters in haemolymph (LDH, TP, Ca2+, Mg2+) were affected only by the water temperature condition. Crayfish in higher water temperature condition (23 °C) showed higher values of these indicators in opposite to crayfish in colder temperature condition (17 °C). No different changes in haemolymph were observed only in two parameters (ALB and GLOB). The highest statistically significantly (P <0.05) changes of individual parameters inside each one group were observed especially after 14 and 28 days of exposure. Especially in higher concentration of thiacloprid and temperature was found that 28 days of depuration time was not sufficient to balance biochemical parameters to normal control values. At the end, it is apt to mention that water temperature condition had influence on individual parameters themselves, when in several cases different values of monitored biomarkers were measured between temperatures in groups exposed to the same concentrations of thiacloprid, even though their control groups showed no differences between temperatures. The results of this work confirm the synergistic effect of thiacloprid, temperature and duration of action on non-target aquatic organisms and could be used for other studies to evaluate the effect of thiacloprid and other pesticides on organisms.
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Physiology of special mirror eyes of molluscs, crustaceans and deep-sea fish
Remišová, Kateřina ; Hudec, René (advisor) ; Němec, Pavel (referee)
The majority of image forming systems in animal eyes are based on refractive optics. However, there are several eye types that use as a main image forming devises biological mirrors hence they are called mirror eyes. Biological mirrors are special type of tissue that reflects light beams usually by means of the constructive interference on multi-layers of alternating refractive indices. The mirror eye arrangement can be found mostly in animals living in the dim or deep water. Different types of mirror eyes have been described among molluscs, crustaceans and fishes. Moreover, the reflective superposition eyes of decapod crustaceans served as an inspiration for construction of the lobster-eye X- ray telescopes used in astrophysics. In this thesis, various types of mirror eyes are described. The overview of animals with mirror eyes is supplemented by description of their habitat. Finally, different types of mirror eyes are compared and their possible biomimetic application especially in optical technology is discussed. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Crustaceans of Antarctic lakes - past and present status
Pokorný, Matěj ; Sacherová, Veronika (advisor) ; Nedbalová, Linda (referee)
Antarctic continent is one of the most severe regions on Earth and it is characterized by low annual temperatures, low precipitation, extensive ice cover and low energy input from the Sun. Nevertheless its lakes host not only microbial communities and protists but in many cases even in the most extreme localities also metazoans, especially rotifers and crustaceans. For at least the last 15 million years Antarctica has experienced massive glaciations that shape the distribution of organisms on this continent. Although it was originally thought that freshwater animals did not survive Quaternary glaciations in situ but migrated to milder regions in the north, nowadays it appears that at least in some cases it is not true. Direct evidence of survival of rotifers (Notholca sp.) and crustaceans (Daphniopsis studeri) in Antarctica was given by paleolimnological studies that were carried out in the Larsemann Hills and circumstantial evidence for permanent survival of crustaceans in Antarctica (e.g. Gladioferens antarcticus) is also growing. Antarctica is currently inhabited by about 14 species of freshwater crustaceans but recent climate changes and rapid warming of Antarctic Peninsula will probably lead to changes in the distribution of some species (e.g. Bockella poppei, Branchinecta gaini) that could, combined...
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Krajinně-ekologické‚ vodohospodářské‚ ekonomické a legislativní hodnocení záměru výstavby kanálu Dunaj - Odra - Labe
ŠINDLAR s.r.o, Býšť ; Servus, Michal ; Zeman, Jan ; Šťovíčková, Leona ; Novotná, Pavla ; Zapletal, Jan ; Šindlar, Miloslav
Přílohy obsahující tabulky s přehledy těchto lokalit ovlivněných průplavem DOL: MZCHÚ, evropsky významné lokality, ptačí oblasti, VZCHÚ, přírodní parky, lokality s výskytem chráněných a ohrožených druhů lumbricidae, lokality s výskytem chráněných a ohrožených druhů crustacea, carabidae, odonata, lokality s výskytem významných zástupců druhů edafonu, s výskytem chráněných a ohrožených druhů amphibia, reptilia, aves, mammalia, lokalit s výskytem chráněných a ohrožených druhů rostlin. Hydrologické ovlivnění úseku toků se zástupci mollusca a se zástupci pisces.
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