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Distribution of identified clues of contaminated sites in the Czech Republic
Suchánek, Zdeněk ; Řeřicha, Jaroslav ; Krhovský, Jan
The project of Phase 2 of the National Inventory of Contaminated Sites (NIKM 2) includes the preparation of geographical data. The initial and main task of this part of the project is to acquire the finding database using remote sensing methods. During the first 16 months of the NIKM 2 project, a thematic layer of 14 different types of contaminated site (CS) clues (indicia), respectively of potentially contaminated sites (PCS) clues, was created by interpreting photomaps and other geographical data. The works of 12 CENIA interpreters were carried out in the environment of the geographic information system QGIS. Interpretation of remote sensing data revealed 34,666 clues in the first phase of interpretation. The primary finding database was further revised in order to objectify and standardize its content. The number of valid clues was thus reduced by about half. Thematic classification of the indices enabled a subsequent statistical evaluation, which serves as a basis for the optimization of the field survey, i.e. for the planning of the area inventory taking into account the character of the territory. From the evaluation of the collected data we can also consider the effectiveness of regulations and measures of local authorities and the link to the socio-economic, resp. demographic indicators, etc. The graphical and tabular outputs document the spatial links of the identified contaminated site indications and are the basis for the next phases of providing geographical support for the inventory work of the NIKM 2 project in 2019-2021.Uh
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Actual state of contaminated sites collection based on remote sense methods in launched NIKM 2 project
Suchánek, Zdeněk ; Řeřicha, Jaroslav
In the first year of implementation of the National Inventory of Contaminated Sites (NIKM 2) project (2018-2021), the task of interpretation of the indications of contaminated sites by Remote Sensing is addressed. The methodology was developed in NIKM 1 project (2009-2012). A total of 12 CENIA´s specialists systematically pass through the territory of the Czech Republic and record the indications (signs) of contaminated sites by interpreting raster data (orthophotomaps, topographic maps, digital relief model - DMR5 etc.). The first step was to complete the knowledge base of expressions of interest objects and to refine their typology (14 types of indicia) in the form of an interpretation key (manual). The task is solved in the QGIS sw tool (freeware). For the team, a single interactive map composition has been created including the possibility of adding additional cartographic works according to current and individual needs. Workflow monitoring allows iterations of methodological knowledge to manage next work phases and statistics of interpretation results. On the basis of already performed interpretation works on an area of about 6000 km2 in 19 municipalities with extended competence, the types and numbers of indications with the knowledge from NIKM stage 1 are compared and data for the continuation of works are obtained. On the basis of the initial experience, an interpretation methodology was slightly modified. The finer differentiation of some types of interest objects and the inclusion of new map data are intended to create a better and more informative basis for field surveys. Compared to the results of the interpretation of the indices in the test areas of the first stage of NIKM, the number of indications in the majority of previously only sporadically detected types of indications increased unequivocally.
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Staré ekologické zátěže
Vlčková, Václava
Staré ekologické zátěže, resp. kontaminovaná místa, představují dlouhodobý problém, zejména ve vztahu k životnímu prostředí ČR, které mohou významně ohrožovat. Průběžně sice probíhá jejich sanace, avšak dochází k dlouhodobému poklesu finančních prostředků vydávaných na tyto činnosti. Proto je potřeba se do budoucna zaměřit zejména na možnosti využití finančních zdrojů určených na snižování počtu kontaminovaných míst, a omezit tak další potenciální kontaminaci lokalit. I přes nespornou prospěšnost již provedených nápravných opatření se totiž na území ČR nachází stále velké množství starých ekologických zátěží, u nichž existují značná rizika pro životní prostředí a lidské zdraví, nebo rozsah rizik ani není znám.
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Mapping of contaminated sites in the Czech Republic using GIS
Vacířová, Anna ; Matějíček, Luboš (advisor) ; Innemanová, Petra (referee)
Work concentrates on possibilities of mapping of contaminated sites in the Czech Republic by the means of remote-controlled exploration of the Earth. The reason for that is the possibility of contamination of surroundings by various substances which can damage the health of inhabitants. The main focus is concentrated on the methods of the "National Contaminated Sites Inventory" project, as it is currently the main project taking place in the Czech Republic which is dealing with this problems. The work summarizes the historical mapping of contaminated places in the Czech Republic and there are mentioned the existing databasesy. Other part is dedicated to the situation in mapping abroad, especially in the United States and Canada. There are depicted which mapping outputs are available for given locality on the basis of acquired data. Key words: NIKM, SEKM, Remote Senzing, Contaminated sites, GIS
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