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Stochastic models in consumer theory
Vlčková, Ivona ; Kopa, Miloš (advisor) ; Dvořák, Marek (referee)
The goal of this bachelor's thesis is the stochastic extension of deterministic models with a special attention to finding the consumer's optimum. The first chapter is devoted to utility theory, defining basic notions and it also studies characteristics of utility functions and indifference curves. Futhermore, the consumer's optimum is described from the perspective of marginal utility. At the end of this chapter, optimization problems are provided, including their solutions, and finally we examine the effect of price changes of particular goods and income. This effect is described and solved via the substitution and income effect. The second chapter shows the stochastic extension of the above mentioned models. Using the quantile function, we obtain the optimum in the case of random income and we use mean values for the case of random prices. Eventually, a considerable part of this work is devoted to scenario theory, which is also used in the final example.
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Radical view of subjectivism according to L. M. Lachmann and its implications for consumer theory
Panáčková, Eliška ; Špecián, Petr (advisor) ; Máslo, Lukáš (referee)
This Bachelor Degree Thesis is concerned with methodological approach of the radical subjectivist economist Ludwig M. Lachmann and application of his approach on consumer theory. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether is methodological approach of Lachmann compatible with the approach used in mainstream consumer theory, eventually how these approaches are different. The first part deals with the context of radical subjectivism, its pivotal points and the general differences in methodology of Lachmann and mainstream. Then I devote the work of Alfred Schutz, George L. S. Shackle and Max Weber, on the basis of which Lachmann reached the radical approach. In the practical part I apply radical subjectivism on the consumer theory and according to these result I evaluate these approaches are not compatible. Arguments of radical approach is not supported by strong evidence, and this approach is incapable of giving prediction more quality alternative of consumer theory.
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Economic analysis of size effect of meal vouchers on peoples' obesity
Doležalová, Kateřina ; Písař, Pavel (advisor) ; Ježek, Tomáš (referee)
The object of this thesis is a size effect assessment of meal vouchers on peoples' obesity. The thesis theoretically analyses the effects and consequences of meal voucher use on the commoner-consumer in terms of consumer choice, the conditions under which decisions are made, consumer theory, and other factors and effects that have a decisive influence on consumer behavior. The thesis refers to individual "hazard" factors, which may be significant stimuli, which impact consumers (including indirectly), and on the basis of which obesity genesis may (but need not) occur. Finally, the thesis concentrates on the issue of the efficiency and effectiveness of specific state regulation in this area.
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