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Are there any pohotographic representations? Roger Scruton and his critics
Bergmann, Dominik ; Kolman, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Petříček, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis focuses on the answering whether photographic representations exist or not. The answer is searched for in discussions of Roger Scruton and some of his critics. According to Scruton's argument presented in the essay entitled Photography and Representation a photograph cannot be a representation. Scruton claims that only such medium can become a representation that has a certain intentional relation to its subject, however a photograph is defined merely by its causal relation to such object. Scruton's critics believe that a photograph is a representation and criticize him for: i) underestimating the role a photographer's intentions play in a photograph; ii) disregarding a photograph's ability to provide a new way of seeing and thus becoming representational; iii) equivocating between the subject of a painting and the subject of a photograph. It is demonstrated that arguments of Scruton's critics are not able to show Scruton's concept of photography to be false. However, an alternative approach to representation provides a basis to demonstrate in what sense a photograph may be a representation. For that reason it is suggested to consider a photography as an essentially paradoxical medium merging into itself the intentional and causal. Keywords: photograph, representation, intentional...
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The issue of causality in the suits for damages
Kafková, Eliška ; Salač, Josef (advisor) ; Švestka, Jiří (referee)
The issue of causality in the suits for damages The subject of this thesis is the issue of causality in disputes relating to compensation for damage to health. Causation is a considerably miscellaneous institute, therefore, this paper deals with various aspects of this topic and its context. The writing focuses on cases in which damage was caused to health through providing health services, as this legal field is characterized by many specifics from other areas of liability. Firstly, the thesis aims at explanation of the concept of causation, its importance and development not only in law but also in other areas of human activity. Subsequently, the attention is focused on the significance of causation in law; after theories of causation are compared, its substantial features are described in comparison to the other elements of liability. Consequently, the work concentrates on processes through which the causal link is determined, on the selection of relevant causes and consequences and the relationship between them in cases involving their plurality. It does not forget to mention the importance of causation in the context of strict liability, particularly in its specific cases relating to the provision of health services. The core of this work is the issue of causation in disputes in which the...
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Are there any pohotographic representations? Roger Scruton and his critics
Bergmann, Dominik ; Kolman, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Petříček, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis focuses on the answering whether photographic representations exist or not. The answer is searched for in discussions of Roger Scruton and some of his critics. According to Scruton's argument presented in the essay entitled Photography and Representation a photograph cannot be a representation. Scruton claims that only such medium can become a representation that has a certain intentional relation to its subject, however a photograph is defined merely by its causal relation to such object. Scruton's critics believe that a photograph is a representation and criticize him for: i) underestimating the role a photographer's intentions play in a photograph; ii) disregarding a photograph's ability to provide a new way of seeing and thus becoming representational; iii) equivocating between the subject of a painting and the subject of a photograph. It is demonstrated that arguments of Scruton's critics are not able to show Scruton's concept of photography to be false. However, an alternative approach to representation provides a basis to demonstrate in what sense a photograph may be a representation. For that reason it is suggested to consider a photography as an essentially paradoxical medium merging into itself the intentional and causal. Keywords: photograph, representation, intentional...
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Causal Circumstantial Adverbials in the contemporary French: description, position, function. Comparison with Czech.
BEŠŤÁKOVÁ, Kristina
The diploma thesis is dealing with a description, emplacement and function of the causal adverbial complement in the contemporary French and Czech language. This paper is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part, the topic of causality is elucidated and the notion of causal adverbial complement in the French and Czech linguistic terminology is defined. Further, it works with syntactic and semantic features of causal adverbial complement, observes the possible valence understanding of this sentence member, and deals with the question of its extra-predicative and intra-predicative emplacement, as well. Furthermore, the attention is drawn to the position of causal adverbial complement in a relationship to the functional sentence perspective. The practical part is dedicated to corpus analysis of the chosen causal utterances, which implement the causal adverbial complements. The main focus is given to their emplacement in the French and Czech sentence.
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