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The influence of management on biodiversity of vertebrates model groups {--} small mammals.
KOUTNÍKOVÁ, Lenka
This thesis creates a part of more extensive scientific study, which evaluates effects of different agricultural management on ecological functions and on landscapes´s water regime in source water areas of Bohemian Forest. A one of examined characteristic of catchment is biodiversity of plant and animal communities. The aim of my thesis is a comparsion of diversity of small terrestrial mammals in three catchments with similar nature conditions, but different management. Small terrestrial mammals is a group of vertebrates often used for study of enviromental state, because of their high reprodctive potential, good invasive ability and ability to indicate the changes in environmental quality. The master thesis is a follow-up to a previous bachelor thesis and extends it significantly. A teoretical part involves literary review of small mammals´s occurrence in Bohemian Forest, their micro-habitat preferences and the effect of management on the biodiversity of their communities. Practical part of the thesis contains evaluation of the results of capture-mark-release trapping, which took place from June to September of the years 2007 and 2009. In those two years 52 individuals were captured. From this amount, 7 individuals were captured twice. Captured small mammals were included into 5 species, whose occurrence in studied localities was expected. There were yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis - 22 individuals), field vole (Microtus agrestis - 6 individuals), common vole (Mircotus arvalis - 10 individuals), bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus {--} 2 individuals) and common shrew (Sorex araneus - 5 individuals). In the Bukový potok catchment 20 individuals were captured in 2007 and only 2 individuals in 2009. They belong to species: Apodemus flavicollis, Clethrionomys glareolus and Sorex araneus. In catchment of Mlýnský potok no individual was captured in 2007 and 10 individuals of only one species (Mircotus arvalis) were captured in 2009. In Horský potok catchment 5 individuals were captured in 2007 and 8 individuals in 2009. Three species were found: Apodemus flavicollis, Microtus agrestis, Clethrionomys glareolus a Sorex araneus. The largest positive change of abundance between 2007 and 2009 was found in the Mlýnský potok catchment. The largest fall of abundanace was in the catchment of Bukový potok. Only in catchment of Horský potok the relatively stable abundance was noticed. The thesis was supported by projects: MSM 6007665806, NAZV-QH82106 a NPV2-2B08006.
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Resolution of erosion control measures on model catchment using CN method.
NOVÁKOVÁ, Eva
The goal of this thesis is to evaluate erosion processes and runoff conditions in a part of catchment Zubčický potok containing the land arrangement Věžovatá Pláně. I drew up the area description for this catchment in terms of geomorfological, geological, pedological, climatic and phytogeographical aspect. For the evaluation of erosion processes in the solved area was used the universal soil loss equation by Wischmeier and Smith and in the microcatchment was used the CN method. Further, flow conditions was evaluated using Čerkašin equation. The result of this thesis is evaluation of erosion and runoff conditions, concept of erosion control measures and evaluation their impact on erosion and runoff conditions in the microcatchment.
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Comparison of precipitation and runoff in the research area Jenin in relation to nitrates.
ŠULCOVÁ, Lucie
The influence of precipitation on runoff characteristics of tile drainage systems and nitrate concentrations in drainage water were evaluated in this thesis. The Jeninsky stream catchment is located at the foothill of Sumava Mountains near the border checkpoint Dolni Dvoriste. Extensive agriculture (pasture) is practised in the catchment as well as surrounding areas. Above mentioned evaluated characteristics were measured on two closure profiles of tile drained subcatchments. Discharges were measured continously, water quality was sampled forthnigtly. Evaluated hydrologic year 2007 was rich in rainfall {--} the precipitation amounted to 892 mm, which is classified as a wet year, despite of 41 days long dry period. Runoff characteristics don{\crq}t vary much in both subcatchments, due to similar area and land use on researched catchments. Long dry period did not cause zero discharges. The progress of nitrate concentrations in subcatchments is characterized by low variations in values. Relatively low values (90-percentil of nitrate concentrations in individual catchments belong to II. and III. class of water quality limits set by Czech legislative) occured in the catchment. These values correspond or slightly exceed values monitored on surrounding simirarly used areas, but are significantly lower than values monitored in areas, where intensive agriculture is practised. This confirms positive influence of grassing on nitrate pollution of drainage and surface water.
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Elaboration and interpretation of map materials in GIS for the Ostrice stream catchment.
HOUDEK, Jiří
The aim of the thesis was the creation and interpretation of thematic layers for the Ostřice stream catchment. First step was collecting all the available maps and comparing them with the actual state. The documents were digitized, and the thematic layers were created. The map outputs were created from these layers and their combinations and were analyzed. The output of this work is a set of GIS layers for the Ostřice stream catchment. This work was processed with the ArcGIS Desktop 9.1 software.
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Elaboration and interpretation of map materials in GIS for the Zdikovsky stream catchment.
ADÁMEK, Petr
The aim of this thesis is to create various thematic layers for the Zdíkovský stream catchment. The first step was to collect maps and compare them with the actual state, followed by the digitizing of these documents and the creation of thematic layers. Map outputs were created from the individual layers and their combinations and were analyzed. The result is a set of GIS layers for the catchment. ArcGIS Desktop 9.1 program developed by ESRI was used in this work. Elaborated set of layers will be further used for research and educational purposes by the Department of Land Adjustment.
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Solution of soil protection from erosion in model catchment - Zvíkovský stream
ŘEHOUT, Jan
The theme of my graduation theses is a solution of the soil protection from erosion on the model catchment of the Zvíkovský stream. The aim of this work is canvass of the catchment Zvíkovský stream in the view of the pedology, hydrogeology, climatology and calculate the soil loss from the areas in consequence of the water erosion. I used the equation losses of the soils from the area according Wischmeier and Smith and the assesment of the transporting the sediment runoff according Williams and Berndt which was calculated with the help of the programme ERCN {--} the enumerations required for the suggestion of the precautions from erosion. The map basis of this work is the basic map of the Czech republic 1: 10 000 and the water utilization map of the Czech republic 1:50 000.
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Cration of digital terrain model for the Jeninsky stream catchment and analysis of valley lines.
JURÁNEK, Stanislav
The aim of the thesis is localization and interpretation of paths of concentration runoff in digital terrain model. Digital terrain model(DTM) is processed for the catchment of the Jenín stream, where The Faculty of Agriculture has held the research since the year 2004. For creation of DTM following software programs were used for comparison: Erdas and ArcGIS. Digitalized maps of contour lines for this catchment were the backgrounds for creation of the DTM. Localization of paths of concentration runoff and natural thalwegs was made on created DTM. Then was the comparison of models and the real topography of the catchment realized. Possible reasons of differences were discussed in discussion. Different (in colours and resolution) variations of DTM with localized paths of concentration runoff are the result, with the view of better legibility and more truly representation of real topography of the landscape.
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The evaluation of land use changes in last 50 years in the catchment of Jeninsky stream.
CEPÁK, Martin
It is in human nature to adapt the environment for his needs and wishes. Politics, technology and society as a whole went trough dramatic changes in Czech Republic in last 50 years. These changes approved naturally on land utilization too. This research is focused on the evalution of land use changes in last 50 years in the catchment of Jenínský stream. The research is based on photogrammetric scans from years 1952, 1974 and 2005. Polygon maps of land use in GIS were elaborated from these scans. Outputs of these maps were subsequently analysed and mutually compared.
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